使用CSS3的SVG投影

378

是否可以使用css3为svg元素设置阴影，类似

box-shadow: -5px -5px 5px #888;
-webkit-box-shadow: -5px -5px 5px #888;

我看到了有关使用滤镜效果创建阴影的一些评论。有没有单独使用css的示例。下面是正确使用cusor样式但没有阴影效果的工作代码。请帮助我以最少的代码获得阴影效果。

svg .shadow { 
  cursor:crosshair; 
  -moz-box-shadow: -5px -5px 5px #888;
  -webkit-box-shadow: -5px -5px 5px #888;
  box-shadow: -5px -5px 5px #888; 
}

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" baseProfile="full"  viewBox="0 0 120 70">	
    <rect class="shadow" x="10" y="10" width="100" height="50" fill="#c66" />
</svg>

展开摘要

— bsr
source

353

这是一个使用'filter'属性将dropshadow应用于某些svg 的示例。如果要控制阴影的不透明度，请查看此示例。该slope属性控制赋予阴影的透明度。

示例中的相关位：

<filter id="dropshadow" height="130%">
  <feGaussianBlur in="SourceAlpha" stdDeviation="3"/> <!-- stdDeviation is how much to blur -->
  <feOffset dx="2" dy="2" result="offsetblur"/> <!-- how much to offset -->
  <feComponentTransfer>
    <feFuncA type="linear" slope="0.5"/> <!-- slope is the opacity of the shadow -->
  </feComponentTransfer>
  <feMerge> 
    <feMergeNode/> <!-- this contains the offset blurred image -->
    <feMergeNode in="SourceGraphic"/> <!-- this contains the element that the filter is applied to -->
  </feMerge>
</filter>
<circle r="10" style="filter:url(#dropshadow)"/>

Box-shadow被定义为可以在CSS box上工作（读取：矩形），而svg比矩形更具表现力。阅读SVG入门，进一步了解SVG过滤器的功能。

— 埃里克·达尔斯特罗姆
source

1

有没有办法控制阴影的不透明度？

— 休·吉尼

5

@HughGuiney：是的，当然。这是xn--dahlstrm-t4a.net/svg/filters / ...这样一种实现方式的示例。只需更改slope属性即可调整所需的不透明度。

— ErikDahlström2012年

1

@LorenzoPolidori IE10和Safari 5.2都支持SVG过滤器。

— ErikDahlström'12年

3

有关如何在D3.js中实现此方法的示例：bl.ocks.org/cpbotha/5200394

— mb21 2014年

3

@Costa见，例如stackoverflow.com/questions/7965196/svg-color-of-the-shadow

— 埃里克·达尔斯特罗姆

559

使用新的 CSS filter属性。

受webkit浏览器，Firefox 34+和Edge支持。

您可以使用此填充工具，将支持FF <34，IE6 +。

您可以这样使用它：

/* Use -webkit- only if supporting: Chrome < 54, iOS < 9.3, Android < 4.4.4 */

.shadow {
  -webkit-filter: drop-shadow( 3px 3px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .7));
  filter: drop-shadow( 3px 3px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .7));
  /* Similar syntax to box-shadow */
}

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Star_wars2.svg" alt="" class="shadow" width="200">

<!-- Or -->

<svg class="shadow" ...>
    <rect x="10" y="10" width="200" height="100" fill="#bada55" />
</svg>

展开摘要

此方法与box-shadow效果不同之处在于，它考虑了不透明度，并且不对框应用阴影效果，而是对svg元素本身的角落应用了阴影效果。

请注意：此方法仅在将类<svg>单独放置在元素上时有效。你可以不是一个内联SVG元素上使用这个功能，比如<rect>。

<!-- This will NOT work! -->
<svg><rect class="shadow" ... /></svg>

阅读有关html5rocks上的CSS过滤器的更多信息。

— hitautodestruct
source

47

这似乎适用于图像或整个svg，但适用于svg内部的选择。小提琴

— heneryville

13

这对以任何方式将阴影应用于svg元素均无效。不要使用它。失败示例：jsbin.com/bepurahuwa/1/edit?html,css,js,output

— Andy Ray

19

@AndyRay的运行就像一个魅力…… jsbin.com/peviso/edit ? html,css,js,output。您将类放在<svg>标记上。

— hitautodestruct

3

@hitautodestruct是的，它确实可以那样工作。在真正当你需要太应用过滤器的一个元素，而不是别人的问题来了。

— 2015年

3

我猜@AndyRay和hitautodestruct都是正确的，因为正如这里所指出的，这看起来像是一个Chrome渲染问题：Firefox正在SVG特定元素上正确渲染过滤器。

— Gruber

71

您可以使用drop-shadow（）CSS函数和rgba颜色值轻松地将阴影效果添加到svg-element。通过使用rgba颜色值，您可以更改阴影的不透明度。

img.light-shadow{
  filter: drop-shadow(0px 3px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4));
}

img.dark-shadow{
  filter: drop-shadow(0px 3px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1));
}

<img class="light-shadow" src="https://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/company/img/logos/so/so-logo.svg" />
<img class="dark-shadow" src="https://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/company/img/logos/so/so-logo.svg" />

展开摘要

— 乔尼·埃克霍尔姆
source

4

@Foxhoundn绝对是现代解决方案，应该接受它作为答案。

— SeedyROM

1

但是它不适用于SVG的子元素

— mix3d

Internet Explorer 11：失败（没有阴影，但显示了原始SVG图像）。Firefox（发行版和ESR）：确定。Google Chrome：好的。Edge Legacy：好。

— Culip

大坝，如果这仅适用于SVG中的组和形状！

— OG肖恩

25

我发现的最简单的方法是使用feDropShadow。我永远不会回过头来使用那些我不理解的难以置信的过滤器标签名称。

<filter id="shadow" x="0" y="0" width="200%" height="200%">
  <feDropShadow dx="40" dy="40" stdDeviation="35" flood-color="#ff0000" flood-opacity="1" />
</filter>

— 尼克·黄
source

4

我读了一些书，现在我明白了您的回答，您肯定会赞成。这个答案不够欣赏。但是，多一点解释将是有益的。例如，以下示例：developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Element/…–

— Niklas

你完全正确。谢谢！

— 尼克黄

1

我不知道仅CSS解决方案。

如您所述，滤镜是在SVG中创建阴影效果的规范方法。SVG规范包括一个示例。

— jbeard4
source

3

-webkit-filter: drop-shadow()是肯定要走的路。请参阅@hitautodestruct的答案。

— clayzermk1

4

@ clayzermk1，如果您希望它仅在webkit中起作用....那么是的。我们正在寻找一种更可靠的解决方案，方法，我认为也不再支持此方法。

— dudewad 2015年

@ jbeard4链接已损坏，最好在此处粘贴内容。

— Ezeewei

1

提交链接指向Removed: Filter Effects This chapter is no longer part of the SVG specification！

— F. Hauri

1

这是无答案的。

— Yay295 '19

1

黑色文字和白色阴影

另一种方式，我用于白色阴影（在文本上）：为阴影创建克隆：

注意：这需要xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"在SVG声明中是必需的。

实际文本值位于<defs>节中，具有位置和样式，但没有fill定义。

文本被克隆两次：第一次是阴影，第二次是文本本身。

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="640" height="70"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <defs>
  <filter id="Blur"><feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.8" /></filter>
  <text style="font-family:sans,helvetica;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt"
      id="Text"><tspan x="12" y="19">
        Black text with white shadow
    </tspan></text>
  </defs>
  <rect style="fill:#8AB" width="640" height="70" />
  <use style="fill:white;" filter="url(#Blur)" xlink:href="#Text"
      transform="translate(1.8,.9)"/>
  <use style="fill:black;" xlink:href="#Text"/>
</svg>

展开摘要

具有更大值的更远的阴影作为模糊偏差：

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="640" height="70"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <defs>
  <filter id="Blur"><feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="3" /></filter>
  <text style="font-family:sans,helvetica;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt"
      id="Text"><tspan x="12" y="19">
        Black text with white shadow
    </tspan></text>
  </defs>
  <rect style="fill:#8AB" width="640" height="70" />
  <use style="fill:white;" filter="url(#Blur)" xlink:href="#Text"
      transform="translate(7,5)"/>
  <use style="fill:black;" xlink:href="#Text"/>
</svg>

展开摘要

您可以对常规SVG对象使用相同的方法。

要求相同：在<defs>第部分没有填充定义！

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="364" height="172"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <defs>
    <filter id="Blur"><feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.8" /></filter>
    <g transform="matrix(.7,0,0,.7,-117.450795,-335.320895)" id="Img">
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,389.30313,662.04015)">
            <path d="m 0,0 -1.107,0 c -0.039,0 -0.067,0.044 -0.067,0.086 0,0.015 0.589,1.914 0.589,1.914 0.021,0.071 0.023,0.073 0.031,0.073 l 0.001,0 c 0.009,0 0.01,-0.002 0.031,-0.073 0,0 0.589,-1.899 0.589,-1.914 C 0.067,0.044 0.037,0 0,0 M 1.493,4.345 C 1.482,4.383 1.448,4.411 1.408,4.414 l -4.065,0 C -2.698,4.41 -2.731,4.383 -2.742,4.346 c 0,0 -2.247,-7.418 -2.247,-7.432 0,-0.037 0.029,-0.067 0.067,-0.067 l 2.687,0 c 0.021,0.008 0.037,0.028 0.042,0.051 l 0.313,1 c 0.01,0.025 0.033,0.042 0.061,0.043 l 2.479,0.002 c 0.027,-0.002 0.051,-0.021 0.061,-0.045 l 0.32,-1 c 0.005,-0.023 0.021,-0.044 0.042,-0.052 0,0 2.642,10e-4 2.644,10e-4 0.037,0 0.068,0.028 0.068,0.065 0,0.013 -2.302,7.433 -2.302,7.433" />
        </g>
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,508.27177,644.93113)">
            <path d="m 0,0 -1.651,-0.001 c 0,0 -0.044,0.013 -0.044,0.063 l -10e-4,0.833 c 0,0.05 0.044,0.063 0.044,0.063 l 1.514,0 C 0.038,0.958 0.394,0.87 0.394,0.463 0.394,0.056 0,0 0,0 m 7.916,0.645 3.741,0 0,2.453 -4.81,0 C 6.397,3.098 5.764,2.866 5.401,2.597 5.038,2.328 4.513,1.715 4.513,0.87 c 0,-0.845 0.513,-1.502 0.513,-1.502 0.263,-0.326 0.925,-1.005 0.925,-1.005 0.015,-0.016 0.024,-0.037 0.024,-0.061 0,-0.051 -0.041,-0.092 -0.092,-0.092 l -3.705,0 c -0.451,0.002 -0.482,0.181 -0.482,0.207 0,0.046 0.056,0.075 0.056,0.075 0.169,0.081 0.514,0.35 0.514,0.35 0.732,0.57 0.82,1.352 0.82,1.771 0,0.42 -0.063,1.163 -0.814,1.814 C 1.521,3.078 0.57,3.096 0.57,3.096 l -5.287,0 c 0,0 0,-7.52 0,-7.522 0,-0.024 0.022,-0.043 0.046,-0.043 l 2.943,0 0,2.11 c 0,0.037 0.057,0 0.057,0 l 1.533,-1.54 c 0.545,-0.551 1.446,-0.57 1.446,-0.57 l 5.796,0.001 c 0.989,0 1.539,0.538 1.69,0.688 0.15,0.151 0.651,0.714 0.651,1.647 0,0.932 -0.426,1.409 -0.608,1.628 C 8.675,-0.309 8.029,0.375 7.894,0.517 7.878,0.53 7.868,0.55 7.868,0.572 c 0,0.033 0.019,0.064 0.048,0.073" />
        </g>
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,306.99861,703.01559)">
            <path d="m 0,0 c 0.02,0 0.034,0.014 0.04,0.036 0,0 2.277,7.479 2.277,7.486 0,0.02 -0.012,0.042 -0.031,0.044 0,0 -2.805,0 -2.807,0 -0.014,0 -0.023,-0.011 -0.026,-0.026 0,-0.001 -0.581,-1.945 -0.581,-1.946 -0.004,-0.016 -0.012,-0.026 -0.026,-0.026 -0.014,0 -0.026,0.014 -0.028,0.026 L -1.79,7.541 c -0.002,0.013 -0.012,0.025 -0.026,0.025 -10e-4,0 -3.1,0.001 -3.1,0.001 -0.009,-0.002 -0.017,-0.01 -0.02,-0.018 0,0 -0.545,-1.954 -0.545,-1.954 -0.003,-0.017 -0.012,-0.027 -0.027,-0.027 -0.013,0 -0.024,0.01 -0.026,0.023 l -0.578,1.952 c -0.001,0.012 -0.011,0.022 -0.023,0.024 l -2.992,0 c -0.024,0 -0.044,-0.02 -0.044,-0.045 0,-0.004 10e-4,-0.012 10e-4,-0.012 0,0 2.31,-7.471 2.311,-7.474 C -6.853,0.014 -6.839,0 -6.819,0 c 0.003,0 2.485,-0.001 2.485,-0.001 0.015,0.002 0.03,0.019 0.034,0.037 10e-4,0 0.865,2.781 0.865,2.781 0.005,0.017 0.012,0.027 0.026,0.027 0.015,0 0.023,-0.012 0.027,-0.026 L -2.539,0.024 C -2.534,0.01 -2.521,0 -2.505,0 -2.503,0 0,0 0,0" />
        </g>
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,278.90126,499.03369)">
            <path d="m 0,0 c -0.451,0 -1.083,-0.232 -1.446,-0.501 -0.363,-0.269 -0.888,-0.882 -0.888,-1.727 0,-0.845 0.513,-1.502 0.513,-1.502 0.263,-0.326 0.925,-1.01 0.925,-1.01 0.015,-0.016 0.024,-0.037 0.024,-0.06 0,-0.051 -0.041,-0.093 -0.092,-0.093 -0.008,0 -6.046,0 -6.046,0 l 0,-2.674 7.267,0 c 0.988,0 1.539,0.538 1.69,0.689 0.15,0.15 0.65,0.713 0.65,1.646 0,0.932 -0.425,1.414 -0.607,1.633 -0.162,0.196 -0.808,0.876 -0.943,1.017 -0.016,0.014 -0.026,0.034 -0.026,0.056 0,0.033 0.019,0.063 0.048,0.073 l 3.5,0 0,-5.114 2.691,0 0,5.101 3.267,0 0,2.466 L 0,0 Z" />
        </g>
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,583.96822,539.30215)">
            <path d="m 0,0 -1.651,-0.001 c 0,0 -0.044,0.013 -0.044,0.063 l -10e-4,0.833 c 0,0.05 0.044,0.063 0.044,0.063 l 1.514,0 C 0.038,0.958 0.394,0.87 0.394,0.463 0.394,0.056 0,0 0,0 m 2.178,-1.79 c -0.45,0.002 -0.482,0.181 -0.482,0.207 0,0.046 0.056,0.075 0.056,0.075 0.169,0.081 0.514,0.35 0.514,0.35 0.732,0.57 0.82,1.352 0.82,1.771 0,0.42 -0.063,1.163 -0.814,1.814 C 1.521,3.078 0.57,3.098 0.57,3.098 l -5.287,0 c 0,0 0,-7.522 0,-7.524 0,-0.024 0.022,-0.043 0.046,-0.043 0.005,0 2.943,0 2.943,0 l 0,2.109 c 0,0.038 0.057,0 0.057,0 l 1.533,-1.539 c 0.545,-0.551 1.446,-0.57 1.446,-0.57 l 4.525,0 0,2.679 -3.655,0 z" />
        </g>
        <g transform="matrix(12.997776,0,0,-12.997776,466.86346,556.40203)">
            <path d="m 0,0 -1.107,0 c -0.041,0 -0.067,0.044 -0.067,0.086 0,0.016 0.589,1.914 0.589,1.914 0.021,0.071 0.027,0.073 0.031,0.073 l 0.001,0 c 0.004,0 0.01,-0.002 0.031,-0.073 0,0 0.589,-1.898 0.589,-1.914 C 0.067,0.044 0.04,0 0,0 M 1.49,4.347 C 1.479,4.385 1.446,4.412 1.405,4.414 l -4.065,0 C -2.7,4.412 -2.734,4.385 -2.745,4.348 c 0,0 -2.245,-7.42 -2.245,-7.434 0,-0.037 0.03,-0.067 0.067,-0.067 l 2.687,0 c 0.022,0.007 0.038,0.028 0.043,0.051 l 0.313,1.001 c 0.01,0.024 0.033,0.041 0.061,0.042 l 2.478,0 C 0.687,-2.061 0.71,-2.078 0.721,-2.102 l 0.32,-1 c 0.005,-0.023 0.021,-0.044 0.042,-0.052 0,0 2.642,10e-4 2.644,10e-4 0.037,0 0.067,0.028 0.067,0.066 0,0.012 -2.304,7.434 -2.304,7.434" />
        </g>
    </g>
  </defs>
  <rect style="fill:#8AB" width="364" height="172" />
  <use style="fill:white;" filter="url(#Blur)" xlink:href="#Img"
    transform="translate(1.8,.9)"/>
  <use style="fill:black;" xlink:href="#Img"/>
</svg>

展开摘要

— 豪里
source

不可能只使用flood-color吗？

— 罗伯特·蒙菲拉

Blur用于使阴影看起来有点模糊。看到我的第二个文本版本More distant shadow...（立即添加）

— F. Hauri

0

可能是演变，似乎内联CSS过滤器在某种程度上可以很好地在元素上运行。

在类或内联中的svg元素中声明阴影CSS过滤器不会工作，如前面规定。

但是，至少在Firefox中，具有以下向导：

在DOM加载之后，使用javascript 内联附加过滤器声明。

// Does not works, with regular dynamic css styling:

shadow0.onchange = () => {
  rect1.style.filter = "filter:drop-shadow(0 0 " + shadow0.value + "rem black);"
}

// Okay! Inline styling, appending.

shadow1.onchange = () => {
  rect1.style += " ;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 " + shadow1.value + "rem black);"
  rect2.style += " ;filter:drop-shadow(0 0 " + shadow1.value + "rem black);"
}

<h4>
Does not works! 
<input id="shadow0" type="number" min="0" max="100" step="0.1">

 | Okay!
<input id="shadow1" type="number" min="0" max="100" step="0.1">

<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">  
    <rect id="rect1" x="10" y="10" width="100" height="50" fill="#c66" />
    
    <!-- Inline style declaration does NOT works at svg level, no shadow at loading: -->
    <rect id="rect2" x="40" y="30" width="10" height="10" fill="#aaa" style="filter:drop-shadow(0 0 20rem black)" />
    
</svg>

展开摘要

— NVRM
source