我们有一个客户应用程序(经过10多年的发展)。其JDK最近从OpenJDK 11升级到OpenJDK 14。与Java 11相比,在单CPU(禁用超线程)的Windows 10设置(以及仅具有一个可用CPU的VirtualBox机器中)中,应用程序启动速度非常慢。此外,该应用程序大多数时候都使用100%CPU。我们还可以通过将处理器关联性设置为仅一个CPU(c:\windows\system32\cmd.exe /C start /affinity 1 ...
)。
在VirtualBox机器上启动应用程序并以最少的手动交互进行查询的一些测量:
- OpenJDK 11.0.2:36秒
- OpenJDK 13.0.2:〜1.5分钟
- OpenJDK 13.0.2与
-XX:-UseBiasedLocking
:46秒 - OpenJDK 13.0.2与
-XX:-ThreadLocalHandshakes
:40秒 - OpenJDK 14:5-6分钟
- OpenJDK 14与
-XX:-UseBiasedLocking
:3-3.5分钟 - OpenJDK 15 EA Build 20:约4.5分钟
仅更改了使用的JDK(以及上述选项)。(-XX:-ThreadLocalHandshakes
在Java 14中不可用。)
我们已经尝试记录JDK 14的功能-Xlog:all=debug:file=app.txt:uptime,tid,level,tags:filecount=50
。
使用OpenJDK 11.0.2每秒计数日志行似乎相当平稳:
$ cat jdk11-log/app* | grep "^\[" | cut -d. -f 1 | cut -d[ -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -k 2 -n
30710 0
44012 1
55461 2
55974 3
27182 4
41292 5
43796 6
51889 7
54170 8
58850 9
51422 10
44378 11
41405 12
53589 13
41696 14
29526 15
2350 16
50228 17
62623 18
42684 19
45045 20
另一方面,OpenJDK 14似乎有一些有趣的安静时期:
$ cat jdk14-log/app* | grep "^\[" | cut -d. -f 1 | cut -d[ -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -k 2 -n
7726 0
1715 5
10744 6
4341 11
42792 12
45979 13
38783 14
17253 21
34747 22
1025 28
2079 33
2398 39
3016 44
那么,在1-4、7-10和14-20秒之间发生了什么?
...
[0.350s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerFactory$1 java.lang.Thread CleanerFactory.java:45
[0.350s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl java.lang.Thread CleanerImpl.java:117
[0.350s][7248][info ][biasedlocking ] Aligned thread 0x000000001727e010 to 0x000000001727e800
[0.350s][7248][info ][os,thread ] Thread started (tid: 2944, attributes: stacksize: default, flags: CREATE_SUSPENDED STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS)
[0.350s][6884][info ][os,thread ] Thread is alive (tid: 6884).
[0.350s][6884][debug][os,thread ] Thread 6884 stack dimensions: 0x00000000175b0000-0x00000000176b0000 (1024k).
[0.350s][6884][debug][os,thread ] Thread 6884 stack guard pages activated: 0x00000000175b0000-0x00000000175b4000.
[0.350s][7248][debug][thread,smr ] tid=7248: Threads::add: new ThreadsList=0x0000000017254500
[0.350s][7248][debug][thread,smr ] tid=7248: ThreadsSMRSupport::free_list: threads=0x0000000017253d50 is freed.
[0.350s][2944][info ][os,thread ] Thread is alive (tid: 2944).
[0.350s][2944][debug][os,thread ] Thread 2944 stack dimensions: 0x00000000177b0000-0x00000000178b0000 (1024k).
[0.350s][2944][debug][os,thread ] Thread 2944 stack guard pages activated: 0x00000000177b0000-0x00000000177b4000.
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve ] java.lang.Thread java.lang.Runnable Thread.java:832
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl jdk.internal.misc.InnocuousThread CleanerImpl.java:135
[0.351s][2944][debug][class,resolve ] jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl jdk.internal.ref.PhantomCleanable CleanerImpl.java:138
[0.351s][2944][info ][biasedlocking,handshake] JavaThread 0x000000001727e800 handshaking JavaThread 0x000000000286d800 to revoke object 0x00000000c0087f78
[0.351s][2944][debug][vmthread ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeOneThread
[0.351s][6708][debug][vmthread ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeOneThread
[0.351s][6708][debug][vmoperation ] begin VM_Operation (0x00000000178af250): HandshakeOneThread, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000001727e800
# no log until 5.723s
[5.723s][7248][info ][biasedlocking ] Revoked bias of currently-unlocked object
[5.723s][7248][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: RevokeOneBias for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: false, completed in 94800 ns
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource java.lang.ref.Cleaner ZipFile.java:715
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.lang.ref.Cleaner jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl$PhantomCleanableRef Cleaner.java:220
[5.723s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.util.zip.ZipFile$CleanableResource java.util.WeakHashMap ZipFile.java:716
...
第二个暂停稍后:
...
[6.246s][7248][info ][class,load ] java.awt.Graphics source: jrt:/java.desktop
[6.246s][7248][debug][class,load ] klass: 0x0000000100081a00 super: 0x0000000100001080 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 5625 checksum: 0025818f
[6.246s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.awt.Graphics java.lang.Object (super)
[6.246s][7248][info ][class,loader,constraints] updating constraint for name java/awt/Graphics, loader 'bootstrap', by setting class object
[6.246s][7248][debug][jit,compilation ] 19 4 java.lang.Object::<init> (1 bytes) made not entrant
[6.246s][7248][debug][vmthread ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[6.246s][6708][debug][vmthread ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[6.246s][6708][debug][vmoperation ] begin VM_Operation (0x000000000203ddf8): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026b0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 1400 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026bb800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 700 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026ef800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f1800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.246s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f4800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000002768800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000276e000, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000017268800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[6.247s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000001727e800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 800 ns
# no log until 11.783s
[11.783s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 6300 ns
[11.783s][6708][info ][handshake ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 5536442500 ns
[11.783s][6708][debug][vmoperation ] end VM_Operation (0x000000000203ddf8): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain ] Checking package access
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain ] class loader: a 'jdk/internal/loader/ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader'{0x00000000c0058628} protection domain: a 'java/security/ProtectionDomain'{0x00000000c058b948} loading: 'java/awt/Graphics'
[11.783s][7248][debug][protectiondomain ] granted
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] sun.launcher.LauncherHelper java.awt.Graphics LauncherHelper.java:816 (reflection)
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection [Ljava.lang.reflect.Method; Reflection.java:300
[11.783s][7248][debug][class,preorder ] java.lang.PublicMethods$MethodList source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
...
然后是第三个:
...
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,preorder ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
[14.578s][7248][info ][class,load ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal source: jrt:/java.base
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,load ] klass: 0x0000000100124740 super: 0x0000000100021a18 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 1338 checksum: 8013ed55
[14.578s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal java.lang.ThreadLocal (super)
[14.578s][7248][debug][jit,compilation ] 699 3 java.lang.ThreadLocal::get (38 bytes) made not entrant
[14.578s][7248][debug][vmthread ] Adding VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[14.578s][6708][debug][vmthread ] Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: HandshakeAllThreads
[14.578s][6708][debug][vmoperation ] begin VM_Operation (0x000000000203d228): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026b0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 1600 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026bb800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 900 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026ef800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f0800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f1800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 100 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x00000000026f4800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000002768800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000276e000, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.578s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x0000000017268800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 0 ns
[14.579s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000001727e800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 900 ns
# no log until 21.455s
[21.455s][6708][debug][handshake,task ] Operation: Deoptimize for thread 0x000000000286d800, is_vm_thread: true, completed in 12100 ns
[21.455s][6708][info ][handshake ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 6876829000 ns
[21.455s][6708][debug][vmoperation ] end VM_Operation (0x000000000203d228): HandshakeAllThreads, mode: no safepoint, requested by thread 0x000000000286d800
[21.455s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] sun.security.jca.Providers java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal Providers.java:39
[21.455s][7248][info ][class,init ] 1251 Initializing 'java/lang/InheritableThreadLocal'(no method) (0x0000000100124740)
[21.455s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal java.lang.ThreadLocal InheritableThreadLocal.java:57
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,preorder ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList source: C:\Users\example\AppData\Local\example\stable\jdk\lib\modules
[21.456s][7248][info ][class,load ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList source: jrt:/java.base
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,load ] klass: 0x00000001001249a8 super: 0x0000000100001080 loader: [loader data: 0x0000000002882bd0 of 'bootstrap'] bytes: 11522 checksum: bdc239d2
[21.456s][7248][debug][class,resolve ] sun.security.jca.ProviderList java.lang.Object (super)
...
以下两行似乎很有趣:
[11.783s][6708][info ][handshake ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 5536442500 ns
[21.455s][6708][info ][handshake ] Handshake "Deoptimize", Targeted threads: 11, Executed by targeted threads: 0, Total completion time: 6876829000 ns
这些握手耗时5.5秒和6.8秒是否正常?
使用此命令运行的update4j演示应用程序(与我们的应用程序完全无关)遇到了相同的速度下降(和类似的日志):
Z:\swing>\jdk-14\bin\java -Xlog:all=debug:file=app.txt:uptime,tid,level,tags:filecount=50 \
-jar update4j-1.4.5.jar --remote http://docs.update4j.org/demo/setup.xml
我应该寻找什么以使我们的应用在单CPU Windows 10设置上再次更快?我可以通过更改应用程序中的某些内容或添加JVM参数来解决此问题吗?
那是一个JDK错误,我应该报告它吗?
更新2020-04-25:
据我所知,日志文件还包含GC日志。这些是第一批GC日志:
$ cat app.txt.00 | grep "\[gc"
[0.016s][7248][debug][gc,heap ] Minimum heap 8388608 Initial heap 60817408 Maximum heap 1073741824
[0.017s][7248][info ][gc,heap,coops ] Heap address: 0x00000000c0000000, size: 1024 MB, Compressed Oops mode: 32-bit
[0.018s][7248][info ][gc ] Using Serial
[22.863s][6708][info ][gc,start ] GC(0) Pause Young (Allocation Failure)
[22.863s][6708][debug][gc,heap ] GC(0) Heap before GC invocations=0 (full 0): def new generation total 17856K, used 15936K [0x00000000c0000000, 0x00000000c1350000, 0x00000000d5550000)
...
不幸的是,它似乎并不相关,因为它是在第三个暂停之后开始的。
更新2020-04-26:
使用OpenJDK 14,应用程序在我的(单CPU)VirtualBox计算机(在i7-6600U CPU上运行)中使用100%的CPU。虚拟机具有3,5 GB RAM。根据任务管理器,40%+是免费的,磁盘活动是0%(我想这意味着没有交换空间)。向虚拟机添加另一个CPU(并为物理机启用超线程)使应用程序再次足够快。我只是想知道,在JDK开发过程中是否有意在权衡下牺牲(罕见)单CPU机器上的性能,以使多核/超线程CPU上的JVM更快?
-Xlog:all=debug
打开GC日志记录?对于任何暂停,这都是我的第一个猜测。