按字母顺序比较字符串


101
String s1 = "Project";
String s2 = "Sunject";

我想按字母顺序比较上面的两个字符串(在本例中为“ Project”,然后是“ Sunject”,因为“ P”在“ S”之前)。有谁知道如何用Java做到这一点?

Answers:


121

String.compareTo 可能需要或可能不需要。

如果需要本地化的字符串排序,请查看链接。


8
请注意,按String#compareTo字典顺序进行的比较会将大写字母“ Z”排在小写字母“ a”之前。如果要按字母大小写混合大小写的字符串,则需要对语言环境敏感的排序。万一到字符串的本地化排序的链接失效了,可以使用java.text.Collat​​or
Duelin markers

41
您也可以使用String#compareToIgnoreCase
Dori 2013年

1
您还必须处理重音字母,请参见stackoverflow.com/a/12927962/2087666
Remi Morin

94

看一下String.compareTo方法。

s1.compareTo(s2)

从javadocs:

如果此String对象在字典上在参数字符串之前,则结果为负整数。如果此String对象在字典上跟随自变量字符串,则结果为正整数。如果字符串相等,则结果为零;否则,结果为零。当equals(Object)方法返回true时,compareTo确切返回0。


33
String a = "..."; 
String b = "...";  

int compare = a.compareTo(b);  

if (compare < 0) {  
    //a is smaller
}
else if (compare > 0) {
    //a is larger 
}
else {  
    //a is equal to b
} 

7

您可以调用任何一个字符串的compareTo方法(java.lang.String.compareTo)。该功能在Java文档站点上有详细记录

这是一个演示它的简短程序:

class StringCompareExample {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        String s1 = "Project"; String s2 = "Sunject";
        verboseCompare(s1, s2);
        verboseCompare(s2, s1);
        verboseCompare(s1, s1);
    }

    public static void verboseCompare(String s1, String s2){
        System.out.println("Comparing \"" + s1 + "\" to \"" + s2 + "\"...");

        int comparisonResult = s1.compareTo(s2);
        System.out.println("The result of the comparison was " + comparisonResult);

        System.out.print("This means that \"" + s1 + "\" ");
        if(comparisonResult < 0){
            System.out.println("lexicographically precedes \"" + s2 + "\".");
        }else if(comparisonResult > 0){
            System.out.println("lexicographically follows \"" + s2 + "\".");
        }else{
            System.out.println("equals \"" + s2 + "\".");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
}

这是一个现场演示,展示了它的工作原理:http : //ideone.com/Drikp3


6

对于国有化后的字母顺序,请使用Collator

//Get the Collator for US English and set its strength to PRIMARY
Collator usCollator = Collator.getInstance(Locale.US);
usCollator.setStrength(Collator.PRIMARY);
if( usCollator.compare("abc", "ABC") == 0 ) {
    System.out.println("Strings are equivalent");
}

有关支持的语言环境的列表,请参见JDK 8和JRE 8支持的语言环境


1
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class CandidateCode {
    public static void main(String args[] ) throws Exception {
       Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
           int n =Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine());
           String arr[] = new String[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
                arr[i] = sc.nextLine();
                }


         for(int i = 0; i <arr.length; ++i) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j <arr.length; ++j) {
                if (arr[i].compareTo(arr[j]) > 0) {
                    String temp = arr[i];
                    arr[i] = arr[j];
                    arr[j] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
        for(int i = 0; i <arr.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(arr[i]);
        }
   }
}

0

正如其他人建议的那样,您可以使用 String.compareTo(String)

但是,如果要对字符串列表进行排序,并且需要一个Comparator,则不必实现它,可以使用Comparator.naturalOrder()Comparator.reverseOrder()

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