在JavaScript中将大字符串拆分为n个大小的块

function chunkString (str, len) {
  const size = Math.ceil(str.length/len)
  const r = Array(size)
  let offset = 0
  
  for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    r[i] = str.substr(offset, len)
    offset += len
  }
  
  return r
}

console.log(chunkString("helloworld", 3))
// => [ "hel", "low", "orl", "d" ]

// 10,000 char string
const bigString = "helloworld".repeat(1000)
console.time("perf")
const result = chunkString(bigString, 3)
console.timeEnd("perf")
console.log(result)
// => perf: 0.385 ms
// => [ "hel", "low", "orl", "dhe", "llo", "wor", ... ]

function chunkString(nSize) {
    return (strToChunk) => {
        let result = [];
        let chars = String(strToChunk).split('');

        for(let i = 0; i < (String(strToChunk).length / nSize); i++) {
            result = result.concat(chars.slice(i*nSize,(i+1)*nSize).join(''));
        }
        return result
    }
}

document.write(chunkString(5)`testing123`);
// returns: testi,ng123

document.write(chunkString(3)`testing123`);
// returns: tes,tin,g12,3

/*jslint maxlen:80, browser:true, devel:true */

/*
 * Properties used by toChunks.
 */

/*property
    MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, abs, ceil, configurable, defineProperty, enumerable,
    floor, length, max, min, pow, prototype, slice, toChunks, value,
    writable
*/

/*
 * Properties used in the testing of toChunks implimentation.
 */

/*property
    appendChild, createTextNode, floor, fromCharCode, getElementById, length,
    log, pow, push, random, toChunks
*/

(function () {
    'use strict';

    var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER || Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;

    /**
     * Defines a new property directly on an object, or modifies an existing
     * property on an object, and returns the object.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {Object} object
     * @param {string} property
     * @param {Object} descriptor
     * @return {Object}
     * @see https://goo.gl/CZnEqg
     */
    function $defineProperty(object, property, descriptor) {
        if (Object.defineProperty) {
            Object.defineProperty(object, property, descriptor);
        } else {
            object[property] = descriptor.value;
        }

        return object;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the operands are strictly equal with no type conversion.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} a
     * @param {*} b
     * @return {boolean}
     * @see http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-11.9.4
     */
    function $strictEqual(a, b) {
        return a === b;
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if the operand inputArg is undefined.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg
     * @return {boolean}
     */
    function $isUndefined(inputArg) {
        return $strictEqual(typeof inputArg, 'undefined');
    }

    /**
     * The abstract operation throws an error if its argument is a value that
     * cannot be converted to an Object, otherwise returns the argument.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg The object to be tested.
     * @throws {TypeError} If inputArg is null or undefined.
     * @return {*} The inputArg if coercible.
     * @see https://goo.gl/5GcmVq
     */
    function $requireObjectCoercible(inputArg) {
        var errStr;

        if (inputArg === null || $isUndefined(inputArg)) {
            errStr = 'Cannot convert argument to object: ' + inputArg;
            throw new TypeError(errStr);
        }

        return inputArg;
    }

    /**
     * The abstract operation converts its argument to a value of type string
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg
     * @return {string}
     * @see https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tostring
     */
    function $toString(inputArg) {
        var type,
            val;

        if (inputArg === null) {
            val = 'null';
        } else {
            type = typeof inputArg;
            if (type === 'string') {
                val = inputArg;
            } else if (type === 'undefined') {
                val = type;
            } else {
                if (type === 'symbol') {
                    throw new TypeError('Cannot convert symbol to string');
                }

                val = String(inputArg);
            }
        }

        return val;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string only if the arguments is coercible otherwise throws an
     * error.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg
     * @throws {TypeError} If inputArg is null or undefined.
     * @return {string}
     */
    function $onlyCoercibleToString(inputArg) {
        return $toString($requireObjectCoercible(inputArg));
    }

    /**
     * The function evaluates the passed value and converts it to an integer.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg The object to be converted to an integer.
     * @return {number} If the target value is NaN, null or undefined, 0 is
     *                   returned. If the target value is false, 0 is returned
     *                   and if true, 1 is returned.
     * @see http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-9.4
     */
    function $toInteger(inputArg) {
        var number = +inputArg,
            val = 0;

        if ($strictEqual(number, number)) {
            if (!number || number === Infinity || number === -Infinity) {
                val = number;
            } else {
                val = (number > 0 || -1) * Math.floor(Math.abs(number));
            }
        }

        return val;
    }

    /**
     * The abstract operation ToLength converts its argument to an integer
     * suitable for use as the length of an array-like object.
     *
     * @private
     * @function
     * @param {*} inputArg The object to be converted to a length.
     * @return {number} If len <= +0 then +0 else if len is +INFINITY then
     *                   2^53-1 else min(len, 2^53-1).
     * @see https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength
     */
    function $toLength(inputArg) {
        return Math.min(Math.max($toInteger(inputArg), 0), MAX_SAFE_INTEGER);
    }

    if (!String.prototype.toChunks) {
        /**
         * This method chunks a string into an array of strings of a specified
         * chunk size.
         *
         * @function
         * @this {string} The string to be chunked.
         * @param {Number} chunkSize The size of the chunks that the string will
         *                           be chunked into.
         * @returns {Array} Returns an array of the chunked string.
         */
        $defineProperty(String.prototype, 'toChunks', {
            enumerable: false,
            configurable: true,
            writable: true,
            value: function (chunkSize) {
                var str = $onlyCoercibleToString(this),
                    chunkLength = $toInteger(chunkSize),
                    chunked = [],
                    numChunks,
                    length,
                    index,
                    start,
                    end;

                if (chunkLength < 1) {
                    return chunked;
                }

                length = $toLength(str.length);
                numChunks = Math.ceil(length / chunkLength);
                index = 0;
                start = 0;
                end = chunkLength;
                chunked.length = numChunks;
                while (index < numChunks) {
                    chunked[index] = str.slice(start, end);
                    start = end;
                    end += chunkLength;
                    index += 1;
                }

                return chunked;
            }
        });
    }
}());

/*
 * Some tests
 */

(function () {
    'use strict';

    var pre = document.getElementById('out'),
        chunkSizes = [],
        maxChunkSize = 512,
        testString = '',
        maxTestString = 100000,
        chunkSize = 0,
        index = 1;

    while (chunkSize < maxChunkSize) {
        chunkSize = Math.pow(2, index);
        chunkSizes.push(chunkSize);
        index += 1;
    }

    index = 0;
    while (index < maxTestString) {
        testString += String.fromCharCode(Math.floor(Math.random() * 95) + 32);
        index += 1;
    }

    function log(result) {
        pre.appendChild(document.createTextNode(result + '\n'));
    }

    function test() {
        var strLength = testString.length,
            czLength = chunkSizes.length,
            czIndex = 0,
            czValue,
            result,
            numChunks,
            pass;

        while (czIndex < czLength) {
            czValue = chunkSizes[czIndex];
            numChunks = Math.ceil(strLength / czValue);
            result = testString.toChunks(czValue);
            czIndex += 1;
            log('chunksize: ' + czValue);
            log(' Number of chunks:');
            log('  Calculated: ' + numChunks);
            log('  Actual:' + result.length);
            pass = result.length === numChunks;
            log(' First chunk size: ' + result[0].length);
            pass = pass && result[0].length === czValue;
            log(' Passed: ' + pass);
            log('');
        }
    }

    test();
    log('');
    log('Simple test result');
    log('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'.toChunks(3));
}());

<pre id="out"></pre>