Answers:
timedelta
要说明已经过去了多少年,您需要做更多的工作;您还需要知道开始(或结束)日期。(这是a年。)
最好的选择是使用dateutil.relativedelta
object,但这是一个第三方模块。如果你想知道datetime
那是n
几年一些日期(默认为现在),你可以做以下::
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
def yearsago(years, from_date=None):
if from_date is None:
from_date = datetime.now()
return from_date - relativedelta(years=years)
如果您愿意使用标准库,则答案要复杂一些:
from datetime import datetime
def yearsago(years, from_date=None):
if from_date is None:
from_date = datetime.now()
try:
return from_date.replace(year=from_date.year - years)
except ValueError:
# Must be 2/29!
assert from_date.month == 2 and from_date.day == 29 # can be removed
return from_date.replace(month=2, day=28,
year=from_date.year-years)
如果是2/29,而18年前还没有2/29,则此函数将返回2/28。如果您希望返回3/1,只需将最后一条return
语句更改为:
return from_date.replace(month=3, day=1,
year=from_date.year-years)
您的问题最初是说您想知道自某个日期以来已有多少年了。假设您想要整数年,则可以基于每年365.25天进行猜测,然后使用yearsago
上面定义的任何一个函数进行检查:
def num_years(begin, end=None):
if end is None:
end = datetime.now()
num_years = int((end - begin).days / 365.25)
if begin > yearsago(num_years, end):
return num_years - 1
else:
return num_years
datetime.now()
)引入的差异大于朱利安()和格里高利()平均年份之间的差异。365.25
365.2425
。@Adam Rosenfield的答案
首先,在最详细的级别上,无法完全解决问题。年份长短不一,对于年份长短没有明确的“正确选择”。
也就是说,获得“自然”单位(可能是秒)之间的差异,然后除以该单位与年份之间的比率。例如
delta_in_days / (365.25)
delta_in_seconds / (365.25*24*60*60)
...管他呢。远离月份,因为它们的定义甚至没有几年之久。
这是一个更新的DOB函数,该函数以与人类相同的方式计算生日:
import datetime
import locale
# Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_29
PRE = [
'US',
'TW',
]
POST = [
'GB',
'HK',
]
def get_country():
code, _ = locale.getlocale()
try:
return code.split('_')[1]
except IndexError:
raise Exception('Country cannot be ascertained from locale.')
def get_leap_birthday(year):
country = get_country()
if country in PRE:
return datetime.date(year, 2, 28)
elif country in POST:
return datetime.date(year, 3, 1)
else:
raise Exception('It is unknown whether your country treats leap year '
+ 'birthdays as being on the 28th of February or '
+ 'the 1st of March. Please consult your country\'s '
+ 'legal code for in order to ascertain an answer.')
def age(dob):
today = datetime.date.today()
years = today.year - dob.year
try:
birthday = datetime.date(today.year, dob.month, dob.day)
except ValueError as e:
if dob.month == 2 and dob.day == 29:
birthday = get_leap_birthday(today.year)
else:
raise e
if today < birthday:
years -= 1
return years
print(age(datetime.date(1988, 2, 29)))
def age(dob):
import datetime
today = datetime.date.today()
if today.month < dob.month or \
(today.month == dob.month and today.day < dob.day):
return today.year - dob.year - 1
else:
return today.year - dob.year
>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.date.today()
datetime.date(2009, 12, 1)
>>> age(datetime.date(2008, 11, 30))
1
>>> age(datetime.date(2008, 12, 1))
1
>>> age(datetime.date(2008, 12, 2))
0
此处未提及的另一个第三方库lib是mxDateTime(python datetime
和3rd party的前身timeutil
)可用于此任务。
前面提到的yearsago
是:
from mx.DateTime import now, RelativeDateTime
def years_ago(years, from_date=None):
if from_date == None:
from_date = now()
return from_date-RelativeDateTime(years=years)
第一个参数应该是一个DateTime
实例。
要转换普通datetime
到DateTime
你可以使用这个1秒精度):
def DT_from_dt_s(t):
return DT.DateTimeFromTicks(time.mktime(t.timetuple()))
或1微秒的精度:
def DT_from_dt_u(t):
return DT.DateTime(t.year, t.month, t.day, t.hour,
t.minute, t.second + t.microsecond * 1e-6)
是的,即使与使用timeutil(由Rick Copeland建议)相比,为有问题的单个任务添加依赖绝对是一个过大的杀伤力。
最后,您遇到的是数学问题。如果每隔4年我们有额外的一天,那么可以在几天之内(而不是365天,而是365 * 4 +1)潜水timedelta,那么您的时间就是4年。然后再将其除以4。timedelta /((365 * 4)+1)/ 4 = timedelta * 4 /(365 * 4 +1)
这是我制定的解决方案,希望对您有所帮助;-)
def menor_edad_legal(birthday):
""" returns true if aged<18 in days """
try:
today = time.localtime()
fa_divuit_anys=date(year=today.tm_year-18, month=today.tm_mon, day=today.tm_mday)
if birthday>fa_divuit_anys:
return True
else:
return False
except Exception, ex_edad:
logging.error('Error menor de edad: %s' % ex_edad)
return True
即使该线程已经死了,我还是可以为我面临的这个同样的问题提出一个可行的解决方案。这是(日期是格式为dd-mm-yyyy的字符串):
def validatedate(date):
parts = date.strip().split('-')
if len(parts) == 3 and False not in [x.isdigit() for x in parts]:
birth = datetime.date(int(parts[2]), int(parts[1]), int(parts[0]))
today = datetime.date.today()
b = (birth.year * 10000) + (birth.month * 100) + (birth.day)
t = (today.year * 10000) + (today.month * 100) + (today.day)
if (t - 18 * 10000) >= b:
return True
return False
此函数返回两个日期之间的年份差(以ISO格式作为字符串,但是可以轻松修改以采用任何格式)
import time
def years(earlydateiso, laterdateiso):
"""difference in years between two dates in ISO format"""
ed = time.strptime(earlydateiso, "%Y-%m-%d")
ld = time.strptime(laterdateiso, "%Y-%m-%d")
#switch dates if needed
if ld < ed:
ld, ed = ed, ld
res = ld[0] - ed [0]
if res > 0:
if ld[1]< ed[1]:
res -= 1
elif ld[1] == ed[1]:
if ld[2]< ed[2]:
res -= 1
return res
import datetime
def check_if_old_enough(years_needed, old_date):
limit_date = datetime.date(old_date.year + years_needed, old_date.month, old_date.day)
today = datetime.datetime.now().date()
old_enough = False
if limit_date <= today:
old_enough = True
return old_enough
def test_ages():
years_needed = 30
born_date_Logan = datetime.datetime(1988, 3, 5)
if check_if_old_enough(years_needed, born_date_Logan):
print("Logan is old enough")
else:
print("Logan is not old enough")
born_date_Jessica = datetime.datetime(1997, 3, 6)
if check_if_old_enough(years_needed, born_date_Jessica):
print("Jessica is old enough")
else:
print("Jessica is not old enough")
test_ages()
这是Carrousel操作员在Logan的Run电影中运行的代码;)
我遇到这个问题,发现亚当斯回答了最有帮助的https://stackoverflow.com/a/765862/2964689
但是没有python方法的示例,但这是我最终使用的方法。
输入:日期时间对象
输出:整年的整数年龄
def age(birthday):
birthday = birthday.date()
today = date.today()
years = today.year - birthday.year
if (today.month < birthday.month or
(today.month == birthday.month and today.day < birthday.day)):
years = years - 1
return years
我喜欢John Mee的解决方案,因为它简单易用,我也不担心在2月28日或3月1日(不是a年)如何确定2月29日出生的人的年龄。但这是他的代码的一些调整我认为可以解决这些投诉:
def age(dob):
import datetime
today = datetime.date.today()
age = today.year - dob.year
if ( today.month == dob.month == 2 and
today.day == 28 and dob.day == 29 ):
pass
elif today.month < dob.month or \
(today.month == dob.month and today.day < dob.day):
age -= 1
return age