作为一个初学者，我正在为iCloud奋斗。有一些示例，但是它们通常都非常详细（在开发人员论坛上，有一个针对iCloud和CoreData的示例非常庞大）。在苹果的文档都OK，但我仍然无法看到大局。因此，请允许我，其中一些问题是非常基本的，但可能很容易回答。
上下文：我有一个非常简单的iCloud应用程序正在运行（下面是完整的示例代码）。仅向用户显示一个UITextView，并且他/她的输入保存在一个名为text.txt的文件中。
txt文件被推送到云中，并可供所有设备使用。完美运行，但是：
主要问题：不使用iCloud的用户呢？
启动应用程序时（请参见下面的代码），我会检查用户是否启用了iCloud。如果启用了iCloud，则一切正常。该应用程序继续运行，并在云中查找text.txt。如果找到，它将加载它并显示给用户。如果在云中找不到text.txt，它将仅创建一个新的text.txt并将其显示给用户。
如果用户未启用iCloud，则不会发生任何事情。如何使非iCloud用户仍然可以使用我的文本应用程序？还是我只是忽略它们？我是否需要为非iCloud用户编写单独的功能？即我仅从documents文件夹中加载text.txt的函数？
苹果写道：
以与对待应用程序沙箱中所有其他文件相同的方式对待iCloud中的文件。
但是，就我而言，再也没有“普通”应用程序沙箱了。在云中。还是我总是先从磁盘上加载text.txt，然后与iCloud检查是否还有最新信息？
相关问题：文件结构-沙箱与云
也许我的主要问题是对iCloud应该如何工作的根本误解。创建UIDocument的新实例时，我将不得不覆盖两个方法。首先- (BOOL)loadFromContents:(id)contents ofType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError从云-(id)contentsForType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError中获取文件，然后将文件添加到云中。
我是否必须合并单独的功能，这些功能也会将text.txt的本地副本保存到我的沙箱中？这对非iCloud用户有效吗？据我了解，iCloud会自动保存text.txt的本地副本。因此，我不需要将任何内容保存到应用程序的“旧”沙箱中（即，它曾经在iCloud之前的旧年代使用）。目前，我的沙箱完全是空的，但我不知道这是否正确。我是否应该在其中保留另一个text.txt副本？感觉就像混乱的数据结构...因为云中有一个text.txt，设备上的iCloud沙箱中有一个text.txt（即使我离线也可以使用），而旧的沙箱中的第三个则是。我的应用程式...
我的代码：一个简单的iCloud示例代码
这大致基于我在开发人员论坛和WWDC会话视频中找到的示例。我将其剥离到最低限度。我不确定我的MVC结构是否良好。该模型位于AppDelegate中，并不理想。欢迎提出任何改善建议。
编辑：我试图提取主要问题并将其发布[此处]。4
概述：
最重要的一点是从云中加载text.txt：
// AppDelegate.h
// iCloudText
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class ViewController;
@class MyTextDocument;
@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate> {
NSMetadataQuery *_query;
}
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;
@property (strong, nonatomic) ViewController *viewController;
@property (strong, nonatomic) MyTextDocument *document;
@end
// AppDelegate.m
// iCloudText
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "MyTextDocument.h"
#import "ViewController.h"
@implementation AppDelegate
@synthesize window = _window;
@synthesize viewController = _viewController;
@synthesize document = _document;
- (void)dealloc
{
[_window release];
[_viewController release];
[super dealloc];
}
- (void)loadData:(NSMetadataQuery *)query {
// (4) iCloud: the heart of the load mechanism: if texts was found, open it and put it into _document; if not create it an then put it into _document
if ([query resultCount] == 1) {
// found the file in iCloud
NSMetadataItem *item = [query resultAtIndex:0];
NSURL *url = [item valueForAttribute:NSMetadataItemURLKey];
MyTextDocument *doc = [[MyTextDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:url];
//_document = doc;
doc.delegate = self.viewController;
self.viewController.document = doc;
[doc openWithCompletionHandler:^(BOOL success) {
if (success) {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: existing document opened from iCloud");
} else {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: existing document failed to open from iCloud");
}
}];
} else {
// Nothing in iCloud: create a container for file and give it URL
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: ocument not found in iCloud.");
NSURL *ubiq = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForUbiquityContainerIdentifier:nil];
NSURL *ubiquitousPackage = [[ubiq URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"] URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"text.txt"];
MyTextDocument *doc = [[MyTextDocument alloc] initWithFileURL:ubiquitousPackage];
//_document = doc;
doc.delegate = self.viewController;
self.viewController.document = doc;
[doc saveToURL:[doc fileURL] forSaveOperation:UIDocumentSaveForCreating completionHandler:^(BOOL success) {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: new document save to iCloud");
[doc openWithCompletionHandler:^(BOOL success) {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: new document opened from iCloud");
}];
}];
}
}
- (void)queryDidFinishGathering:(NSNotification *)notification {
// (3) if Query is finished, this will send the result (i.e. either it found our text.dat or it didn't) to the next function
NSMetadataQuery *query = [notification object];
[query disableUpdates];
[query stopQuery];
[self loadData:query];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self name:NSMetadataQueryDidFinishGatheringNotification object:query];
_query = nil; // we're done with it
}
-(void)loadDocument {
// (2) iCloud query: Looks if there exists a file called text.txt in the cloud
NSMetadataQuery *query = [[NSMetadataQuery alloc] init];
_query = query;
//SCOPE
[query setSearchScopes:[NSArray arrayWithObject:NSMetadataQueryUbiquitousDocumentsScope]];
//PREDICATE
NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"%K == %@", NSMetadataItemFSNameKey, @"text.txt"];
[query setPredicate:pred];
//FINISHED?
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(queryDidFinishGathering:) name:NSMetadataQueryDidFinishGatheringNotification object:query];
[query startQuery];
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: app did finish launching");
self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease];
// Override point for customization after application launch.
if ([[UIDevice currentDevice] userInterfaceIdiom] == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPhone) {
self.viewController = [[[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController_iPhone" bundle:nil] autorelease];
} else {
self.viewController = [[[ViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"ViewController_iPad" bundle:nil] autorelease];
}
self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController;
[self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
// (1) iCloud: init
NSURL *ubiq = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForUbiquityContainerIdentifier:nil];
if (ubiq) {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: iCloud access!");
[self loadDocument];
} else {
NSLog(@"AppDelegate: No iCloud access (either you are using simulator or, if you are on your phone, you should check settings");
}
return YES;
}
@end
UIDocument
// MyTextDocument.h
// iCloudText
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface MyTextDocument : UIDocument {
NSString *documentText;
id delegate;
}
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *documentText;
@property (nonatomic, assign) id delegate;
@end
// MyTextDocument.m
// iCloudText
#import "MyTextDocument.h"
#import "ViewController.h"
@implementation MyTextDocument
@synthesize documentText = _text;
@synthesize delegate = _delegate;
// ** READING **
- (BOOL)loadFromContents:(id)contents ofType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError
{
NSLog(@"UIDocument: loadFromContents: state = %d, typeName=%@", self.documentState, typeName);
if ([contents length] > 0) {
self.documentText = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:[contents bytes] length:[contents length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}
else {
self.documentText = @"";
}
NSLog(@"UIDocument: Loaded the following text from the cloud: %@", self.documentText);
// update textView in delegate...
if ([_delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(noteDocumentContentsUpdated:)]) {
[_delegate noteDocumentContentsUpdated:self];
}
return YES;
}
// ** WRITING **
-(id)contentsForType:(NSString *)typeName error:(NSError **)outError
{
if ([self.documentText length] == 0) {
self.documentText = @"New Note";
}
NSLog(@"UIDocument: Will save the following text in the cloud: %@", self.documentText);
return [NSData dataWithBytes:[self.documentText UTF8String] length:[self.documentText length]];
}
@end
VIEWCONTROLLER
//
// ViewController.h
// iCloudText
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@class MyTextDocument;
@interface ViewController : UIViewController <UITextViewDelegate> {
IBOutlet UITextView *textView;
}
@property (nonatomic, retain) UITextView *textView;
@property (strong, nonatomic) MyTextDocument *document;
-(void)noteDocumentContentsUpdated:(MyTextDocument *)noteDocument;
@end
// ViewController.m
// iCloudText
#import "ViewController.h"
#import "MyTextDocument.h"
@implementation ViewController
@synthesize textView = _textView;
@synthesize document = _document;
-(IBAction)dismissKeyboard:(id)sender {
[_textView resignFirstResponder];
}
-(void)noteDocumentContentsUpdated:(MyTextDocument *)noteDocument
{
NSLog(@"VC: noteDocumentsUpdated");
_textView.text = noteDocument.documentText;
}
-(void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)theTextView {
NSLog(@"VC: textViewDidChange");
_document.documentText = theTextView.text;
[_document updateChangeCount:UIDocumentChangeDone];
}