我一直在使用python中的email模块,但是我希望能够知道如何嵌入html中包含的图像。
举例来说,如果身体像
<img src="../path/image.png"></img>
我想将image.png嵌入到电子邮件中,并且该src
属性应替换为content-id
。有人知道怎么做这个吗?
Answers:
这是我发现的一个例子。
食谱473810:发送带有嵌入式图像和纯文本备用内容的HTML电子邮件:
对于那些希望发送带有丰富文本,布局和图形的电子邮件的人,HTML是首选方法。通常希望将图形嵌入消息中,以便收件人可以直接显示消息,而无需进一步下载。
一些邮件代理不支持HTML,或者他们的用户更喜欢接收纯文本消息。HTML消息的发送者应包括纯文本消息,以作为这些用户的备用消息。
此配方发送带有单个嵌入图像的HTML短消息和替代的纯文本消息。
# Send an HTML email with an embedded image and a plain text message for
# email clients that don't want to display the HTML.
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
# Define these once; use them twice!
strFrom = 'from@example.com'
strTo = 'to@example.com'
# Create the root message and fill in the from, to, and subject headers
msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'
msgRoot['From'] = strFrom
msgRoot['To'] = strTo
msgRoot.preamble = 'This is a multi-part message in MIME format.'
# Encapsulate the plain and HTML versions of the message body in an
# 'alternative' part, so message agents can decide which they want to display.
msgAlternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msgRoot.attach(msgAlternative)
msgText = MIMEText('This is the alternative plain text message.')
msgAlternative.attach(msgText)
# We reference the image in the IMG SRC attribute by the ID we give it below
msgText = MIMEText('<b>Some <i>HTML</i> text</b> and an image.<br><img src="cid:image1"><br>Nifty!', 'html')
msgAlternative.attach(msgText)
# This example assumes the image is in the current directory
fp = open('test.jpg', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()
# Define the image's ID as referenced above
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msgRoot.attach(msgImage)
# Send the email (this example assumes SMTP authentication is required)
import smtplib
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.example.com')
smtp.login('exampleuser', 'examplepass')
smtp.sendmail(strFrom, strTo, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
适用于Python 3.4及更高版本。
可接受的答案非常好,但仅适用于较旧的Python版本(2.x和3.3)。我认为它需要更新。
您可以在更新的Python版本(3.4及更高版本)中执行以下操作:
from email.message import EmailMessage
from email.utils import make_msgid
import mimetypes
msg = EmailMessage()
# generic email headers
msg['Subject'] = 'Hello there'
msg['From'] = 'ABCD <abcd@xyz.com>'
msg['To'] = 'PQRS <pqrs@xyz.com>'
# set the plain text body
msg.set_content('This is a plain text body.')
# now create a Content-ID for the image
image_cid = make_msgid(domain='xyz.com')
# if `domain` argument isn't provided, it will
# use your computer's name
# set an alternative html body
msg.add_alternative("""\
<html>
<body>
<p>This is an HTML body.<br>
It also has an image.
</p>
<img src="cid:{image_cid}">
</body>
</html>
""".format(image_cid=image_cid[1:-1]), subtype='html')
# image_cid looks like <long.random.number@xyz.com>
# to use it as the img src, we don't need `<` or `>`
# so we use [1:-1] to strip them off
# now open the image and attach it to the email
with open('path/to/image.jpg', 'rb') as img:
# know the Content-Type of the image
maintype, subtype = mimetypes.guess_type(img.name)[0].split('/')
# attach it
msg.get_payload()[1].add_related(img.read(),
maintype=maintype,
subtype=subtype,
cid=image_cid)
# the message is ready now
# you can write it to a file
# or send it using smtplib
代码工作
att = MIMEImage(imgData)
att.add_header('Content-ID', f'<image{i}.{imgType}>')
att.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', f'image{i}.{imgType}')
att['Content-Disposition'] = f'inline; filename=image{i}.{imgType}'
msg.attach(att)
imgType
变量定义,因此您的代码将引发异常。