如何递归列出C＃目录中的所有文件？

如何在C＃中递归列出目录中的所有文件和子目录？

本文涵盖了您需要的所有内容。除了搜索文件和比较名称外，只需打印出名称即可。

可以这样修改：

static void DirSearch(string sDir)
{
    try
    {
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
        {
            foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(d))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(f);
            }
            DirSearch(d);
        }
    }
    catch (System.Exception excpt)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
    }
}

由barlop添加

GONeale提到上面没有列出当前目录中的文件，并建议将文件列表部分放在获取目录的部分之外。以下将做到这一点。它还包括一个您可以取消注释的Writeline行，它有助于跟踪您在递归中的位置，这可能有助于显示调用以帮助显示递归的工作方式。

            DirSearch_ex3("c:\\aaa");
            static void DirSearch_ex3(string sDir)
            {
                //Console.WriteLine("DirSearch..(" + sDir + ")");
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(sDir);

                    foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(sDir))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(f);
                    }

                    foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
                    {
                        DirSearch_ex3(d);
                    }
                }
                catch (System.Exception excpt)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
                }
            }

请注意，在.NET 4.0中，内置了（据说）基于迭代器（而不是基于数组）的文件功能：

foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
    Console.WriteLine(file);
}

此刻，我将使用以下内容；如果您无权访问单个子目录，则内置的递归方法很容易中断。的Queue<string>使用避免了过多的调用堆栈递归和迭代器块避免了一个巨大的数组我们。

static void Main() {
    foreach (string file in GetFiles(SOME_PATH)) {
        Console.WriteLine(file);
    }
}

static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path) {
    Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
    queue.Enqueue(path);
    while (queue.Count > 0) {
        path = queue.Dequeue();
        try {
            foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(path)) {
                queue.Enqueue(subDir);
            }
        }
        catch(Exception ex) {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
        }
        string[] files = null;
        try {
            files = Directory.GetFiles(path);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
        }
        if (files != null) {
            for(int i = 0 ; i < files.Length ; i++) {
                yield return files[i];
            }
        }
    }
}

Directory.GetFiles("C:\\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)

至少在.NET 4.5中，此版本短得多，并且具有评估包含在列表中的任何文件条件的额外好处：

public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles(string path, 
                                              Func<FileInfo, bool> checkFile = null)
{
    string mask = Path.GetFileName(path);
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(mask)) mask = "*.*";
    path = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
    string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(path, mask, SearchOption.AllDirectories);

    foreach (string file in files)
    {
        if (checkFile == null || checkFile(new FileInfo(file)))
            yield return file;
    }
}

像这样使用：

var list = GetAllFiles(mask, (info) => Path.GetExtension(info.Name) == ".html").ToList();

IEnumerable<string> GetFilesFromDir(string dir) =>
 Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir).Concat(
 Directory.EnumerateDirectories(dir)
          .SelectMany(subdir => GetFilesFromDir(subdir)));

在Framework 2.0中，您可以使用（列出根文件夹的文件，最好是最受欢迎的答案）：

static void DirSearch(string dir)
{
    try
    {
        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dir))
            Console.WriteLine(f);
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dir))
        {
            Console.WriteLine(d);
            DirSearch(d);
        }

    }
    catch (System.Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }
}

一些很好的答案，但是这些答案并不能解决我的问题。

一旦出现文件夹权限问题：“权限被拒绝”，代码将失败。这是我用来解决“权限被拒绝”问题的方法：

private int counter = 0;

    private string[] MyDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories("C:\\");

    private void ScanButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Thread MonitorSpeech = new Thread(() => ScanFiles());
        MonitorSpeech.Start();
    }

    private void ScanFiles()
    {
        string CurrentDirectory = string.Empty;

        while (counter < MyDirectories.Length)
        {
            try
            {
                GetDirectories();
                CurrentDirectory = MyDirectories[counter++];
            }
            catch
            {
                if (!this.IsDisposed)
                {
                    listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + CurrentDirectory); });
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void GetDirectories()
    {
        foreach (string directory in MyDirectories)
        {
            GetFiles(directory);
        }
    }

    private void GetFiles(string directory)
    {
        try
        {
            foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory, "*"))
            {
                listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add(file); });
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + directory); });
        }
    }

希望这对其他人有帮助。

简单干净的解决方案

/// <summary>
/// Scans a folder and all of its subfolders recursively, and updates the List of files
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFullPath">Full path of the folder</param>
/// <param name="files">The list, where the output is expected</param>
internal static void EnumerateFiles(string sFullPath, List<FileInfo> fileInfoList)
{
    try
    {
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(sFullPath);
        FileInfo[] files = di.GetFiles();

        foreach (FileInfo file in files)
            fileInfoList.Add(file);

        //Scan recursively
        DirectoryInfo[] dirs = di.GetDirectories();
        if (dirs == null || dirs.Length < 1)
            return;
        foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
            EnumerateFiles(dir.FullName, fileInfoList);

    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Logger.Write("Exception in Helper.EnumerateFiles", ex);
    }
}

我更喜欢使用DirectoryInfo，因为我可以获得FileInfo的信息，而不仅仅是字符串。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Select(x => x)
            .ToList();

我这样做是为了将来将来我需要基于FileInfo的属性进行筛选。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Where(x => x.LastWriteTimeUtc < DateTimeOffset.Now)
            .Select(x => x)
            .ToList();

如果需要，我还可以求助于字符串。（并且将来仍会被过滤器/子句所用。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
        DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);

        string searchPattern = "*.xml";

        ICollection<string> matchingFileNames = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
            .Select(x => x.FullName)
            .ToList();

请注意，如果要扩展名，则“ 。 ”是有效的搜索模式。

private void GetFiles(DirectoryInfo dir, ref List<FileInfo> files)
{
    try
    {
        files.AddRange(dir.GetFiles());
        DirectoryInfo[] dirs = dir.GetDirectories();
        foreach (var d in dirs)
        {
            GetFiles(d, ref files);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {

    }
}

为了避免UnauthorizedAccessException，我使用：

var files = GetFiles(@"C:\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
foreach (var file in files)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"{file}");
}

public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, string searchPattern, SearchOption searchOption)
{
    var foldersToProcess = new List<string>()
    {
        path
    };

    while (foldersToProcess.Count > 0)
    {
        string folder = foldersToProcess[0];
        foldersToProcess.RemoveAt(0);

        if (searchOption.HasFlag(SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        {
            //get subfolders
            try
            {
                var subfolders = Directory.GetDirectories(folder);
                foldersToProcess.AddRange(subfolders);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                //log if you're interested
            }
        }

        //get files
        var files = new List<string>();
        try
        {
            files = Directory.GetFiles(folder, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly).ToList();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            //log if you're interested
        }

        foreach (var file in files)
        {
            yield return file;
        }
    }
}

如果您只需要文件名，并且由于我真的不喜欢这里的大多数解决方案（从功能或可读性角度），那么这个懒惰的方案又如何呢？

private void Foo()
{
  var files = GetAllFiles("pathToADirectory");
  foreach (string file in files)
  {
      // Use can use Path.GetFileName() or similar to extract just the filename if needed
      // You can break early and it won't still browse your whole disk since it's a lazy one
  }
}

/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">The specified path is invalid (for example, it is on an unmapped drive).</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">The caller does not have the required permission.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException"><paramref name="path" /> is a file name.-or-A network error has occurred.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. For example, on Windows-based platforms, paths must be less than 248 characters and file names must be less than 260 characters.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="path" /> is null.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException"><paramref name="path" /> is a zero-length string, contains only white space, or contains one or more invalid characters as defined by <see cref="F:System.IO.Path.InvalidPathChars" />.</exception>
[NotNull]
public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles([NotNull] string directory)
{
  foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
  {
    yield return file; // includes the path
  }

  foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
  {
    foreach (string subFile in GetAllFiles(subDir))
    {
      yield return subFile;
    }
  }
}

最短记录

string files = Directory.GetFiles(@"your_path", "*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

如果您需要查找具有特定模式名称的文件，例如在其名称中某处包含特定字符串的XML文件，那么基于Hernaldo，这是我的看法。

// call this like so: GetXMLFiles("Platypus", "C:\\");
public static List<string> GetXMLFiles(string fileType, string dir)
{
    string dirName = dir; 
    var fileNames = new List<String>();
    try
    {
        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
        {
            if ((f.Contains(fileType)) && (f.Contains(".XML")))
            {
                fileNames.Add(f);
            }
        }
        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dirName))
        {
            GetXMLFiles(fileType, d);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
    return fileNames;
}

列出要建模，自定义实现的文件和文件夹。
这将从您的起始目录开始创建所有文件和文件夹的完整列表。

public class DirOrFileModel
    {
        #region Private Members

        private string _name;
        private string _location;
        private EntryType _entryType;

        #endregion

        #region Bindings

        public string Name
        {
            get { return _name; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _name) return;
                _name = value;
            }
        }

        public string Location
        {
            get { return _location; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _location) return;
                _location = value;
            }
        }

        public EntryType EntryType
        {
            get { return _entryType; }
            set
            {
                if (value == _entryType) return;
                _entryType = value;
            }
        }

        public ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel> Entries { get; set; }

        #endregion

        #region Constructor

        public DirOrFileModel()
        {
            Entries = new ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel>();
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public enum EntryType
    {
        Directory = 0,
        File = 1
    }

方法：

 static DirOrFileModel DirSearch(DirOrFileModel startDir)
        {
            var currentDir = startDir;
            try
            {
                foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(currentDir.Location))
                {
                    var newDir = new DirOrFileModel
                    {
                        EntryType = EntryType.Directory,
                        Location = d,
                        Name = Path.GetFileName(d)
                    };
                    currentDir.Entries.Add(newDir);

                    DirSearch(newDir);
                }

                foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(currentDir.Location))
                {
                    var newFile = new DirOrFileModel
                    {
                        EntryType = EntryType.File,
                        Location = f,
                        Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(f)
                    };
                    currentDir.Entries.Add(newFile);
                }

            }
            catch (Exception excpt)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
            }
            return startDir;
        }

用法：

var dir = new DirOrFileModel
            {
                Name = "C",
                Location = @"C:\",
                EntryType = EntryType.Directory
            };

            dir = DirSearch(dir);

简短的解决方案

string dir = @"D:\PATH";

DateTime from_date = DateTime.Now.Date;
DateTime to_date = DateTime.Now.Date.AddHours(23);
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir, "*.*",SearchOption.AllDirectories).Select(i=>new FileInfo(i))
.Where(file=>file.LastWriteTime >= from_date && file.LastWriteTime <= to_date);
foreach(var fl in files)
    Console.WriteLine(fl.FullName);

这有助于我将所有文件保存在目录和子目录中，可能对某人有所帮助。[从以上答案中得到启发]

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        try
        {
            var root = @"G:\logs";
            DirectorySearch(root);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        Console.ReadKey();
    }





public static void DirectorySearch(string root, bool isRootItrated = false)
{
    if (!isRootItrated)
    {
        var rootDirectoryFiles = Directory.GetFiles(root);
        foreach (var file in rootDirectoryFiles)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(file);
        } 
    }

    var subDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories(root);
    if (subDirectories?.Any() == true)
    {
        foreach (var directory in subDirectories)
        {
            var files = Directory.GetFiles(directory);
            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(file);
            }
            DirectorySearch(directory, true);
        }
    }
}

var d = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\logs");
var list = d.GetFiles("*.txt").Select(m => m.Name).ToList();

带有max lvl的某些改进版本可以在目录中找到，并可以选择排除文件夹：

using System;
using System.IO;

class MainClass {
  public static void Main (string[] args) {

    var dir = @"C:\directory\to\print";
    PrintDirectoryTree(dir, 2, new string[] {"folder3"});
  }


  public static void PrintDirectoryTree(string directory, int lvl, string[] excludedFolders = null, string lvlSeperator = "")
  {
    excludedFolders = excludedFolders ?? new string[0];

    foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator+Path.GetFileName(f));
    } 

    foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator + "-" + Path.GetFileName(d));

        if(lvl > 0 && Array.IndexOf(excludedFolders, Path.GetFileName(d)) < 0)
        {
          PrintDirectoryTree(d, lvl-1, excludedFolders, lvlSeperator+"  ");
        }
    }
  }
}

输入目录：

-folder1
  file1.txt
  -folder2
    file2.txt
    -folder5
      file6.txt
  -folder3
    file3.txt
  -folder4
    file4.txt
    file5.txt

函数的输出（由于lvl限制而排除了folder5的内容，而因为它位于excludeFolders数组中而排除了folder3的内容）：

-folder1
  file1.txt
  -folder2
    file2.txt
    -folder5
  -folder3
  -folder4
    file4.txt
    file5.txt

这是B. Clay Shannon的代码对于excel文件不是静态的：

class ExcelSearcher
{
    private List<string> _fileNames;

    public ExcelSearcher(List<string> filenames)
    {
        _fileNames = filenames;
    }
    public List<string> GetExcelFiles(string dir, List<string> filenames = null)
    {

        string dirName = dir;
        var dirNames = new List<string>();
        if (filenames != null)
        {
            _fileNames.Concat(filenames);
        }
        try
        {
            foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
            {
                if (f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xls") || f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xlsx"))
                {
                    _fileNames.Add(f);
                }
            }
            dirNames = Directory.GetDirectories(dirName).ToList();
            foreach (string d in dirNames)
            {
                GetExcelFiles(d, _fileNames);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            //Bam
        }
        return _fileNames;
    }

一个非常简单的解决方案，返回文件列表。

    public static List<string> AllFilesInFolder(string folder)
    {
        var result = new List<string>();

        foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(folder))
        {
            result.Add(f);
        }

        foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(folder))
        {
            result.AddRange(AllFilesInFolder(d));
        }

        return result;
    }

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string[] array1 = Directory.GetFiles(@"D:\");
            string[] array2 = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(@"D:\");
            Console.WriteLine("--- Files: ---");
            foreach (string name in array1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(name);
            }
            foreach (string name in array2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(name);
            }
                  Console.ReadLine();
        }