我正在寻找一个PHP函数,该函数可以从字符串或文件中创建短哈希,类似于那些诸如tinyurl.com之类的URL缩短网站。
哈希不得超过8个字符。
我正在寻找一个PHP函数,该函数可以从字符串或文件中创建短哈希,类似于那些诸如tinyurl.com之类的URL缩短网站。
哈希不得超过8个字符。
Alphabet::convert($hash, Alphabet::HEX, Alphabet::ALPHANUMERIC)
,您可以将MD5减少到22个(从32个)字符。您想要的是改为使用编码文件的整数ID(例如,从数据库中)(new Id())->encode($id)
。
Answers:
URL缩短服务宁可使用自动递增的整数值(例如补充数据库ID),并使用Base64或其他编码对其进行编码,以使每个字符具有更多信息(64而不是仅10个数字)。
0
-9
来表示一个号码,则有每经编码字符10个可能值(LD(10)≈3.32位/字符)。但是,如果用Base64字符表示相同的数字,则每个编码字符有64个可能的值(ld(64)= 6位/字符)。因此,使用Base64时,每个编码字符中存储的信息更多,即6位信息而不是3.32位。
TinyURL不会散列任何内容,它使用以36为底的整数(甚至以62为底,使用大小写字母)来指示要访问的记录。
以36为底数的整数:
intval($str, 36);
以36为底的整数:
base_convert($val, 10, 36);
那么,而不是重定向到路由喜欢/url/1234
它成为/url/ax
代替。这将给您带来比哈希更多的使用效率,因为不会发生冲突。使用此方法,您可以轻松地检查URL是否存在,并在用户不知道它已经存在于数据库中的情况下,在base 36中返回正确的现有ID。
不要散列,请使用其他基础进行此类操作。(它速度更快,可以做成防碰撞的。)
intval()
将所有内容转换为数字。我想也许我对如何intval()
与执行重定向(如数据库角色)所需的其他步骤连接感到困惑。
intval()
是,如果其中$str
包含斜杠(/)或破折号(-)。我意识到了on/stuff
,on-stuff
然后on
所有人都返回了这个号码887
。您是否有解决方案来处理带有斜杠和破折号的URL?
我写了一个小小的lib来从整数生成模糊的哈希值。
http://web.archive.org/web/20130727034425/http://blog.kevburnsjr.com/php-unique-hash
$ids = range(1,10);
foreach($ids as $id) {
echo PseudoCrypt::unhash($id) . "\n";
}
m8z2p 8hy5e uqx83 格兹瓦斯 38vdh phug6 bqtiv xzslk k8ro9 6hqqy
2015年7月14日:由于很难找到,因此在下面添加了实际代码:
<?php
/**
* PseudoCrypt by KevBurns (http://blog.kevburnsjr.com/php-unique-hash)
* Reference/source: http://stackoverflow.com/a/1464155/933782
*
* I want a short alphanumeric hash that’s unique and who’s sequence is difficult to deduce.
* I could run it out to md5 and trim the first n chars but that’s not going to be very unique.
* Storing a truncated checksum in a unique field means that the frequency of collisions will increase
* geometrically as the number of unique keys for a base 62 encoded integer approaches 62^n.
* I’d rather do it right than code myself a timebomb. So I came up with this.
*
* Sample Code:
*
* echo "<pre>";
* foreach(range(1, 10) as $n) {
* echo $n." - ";
* $hash = PseudoCrypt::hash($n, 6);
* echo $hash." - ";
* echo PseudoCrypt::unhash($hash)."<br/>";
* }
*
* Sample Results:
* 1 - cJinsP - 1
* 2 - EdRbko - 2
* 3 - qxAPdD - 3
* 4 - TGtDVc - 4
* 5 - 5ac1O1 - 5
* 6 - huKpGQ - 6
* 7 - KE3d8p - 7
* 8 - wXmR1E - 8
* 9 - YrVEtd - 9
* 10 - BBE2m2 - 10
*/
class PseudoCrypt {
/* Key: Next prime greater than 62 ^ n / 1.618033988749894848 */
/* Value: modular multiplicative inverse */
private static $golden_primes = array(
'1' => '1',
'41' => '59',
'2377' => '1677',
'147299' => '187507',
'9132313' => '5952585',
'566201239' => '643566407',
'35104476161' => '22071637057',
'2176477521929' => '294289236153',
'134941606358731' => '88879354792675',
'8366379594239857' => '7275288500431249',
'518715534842869223' => '280042546585394647'
);
/* Ascii : 0 9, A Z, a z */
/* $chars = array_merge(range(48,57), range(65,90), range(97,122)) */
private static $chars62 = array(
0=>48,1=>49,2=>50,3=>51,4=>52,5=>53,6=>54,7=>55,8=>56,9=>57,10=>65,
11=>66,12=>67,13=>68,14=>69,15=>70,16=>71,17=>72,18=>73,19=>74,20=>75,
21=>76,22=>77,23=>78,24=>79,25=>80,26=>81,27=>82,28=>83,29=>84,30=>85,
31=>86,32=>87,33=>88,34=>89,35=>90,36=>97,37=>98,38=>99,39=>100,40=>101,
41=>102,42=>103,43=>104,44=>105,45=>106,46=>107,47=>108,48=>109,49=>110,
50=>111,51=>112,52=>113,53=>114,54=>115,55=>116,56=>117,57=>118,58=>119,
59=>120,60=>121,61=>122
);
public static function base62($int) {
$key = "";
while(bccomp($int, 0) > 0) {
$mod = bcmod($int, 62);
$key .= chr(self::$chars62[$mod]);
$int = bcdiv($int, 62);
}
return strrev($key);
}
public static function hash($num, $len = 5) {
$ceil = bcpow(62, $len);
$primes = array_keys(self::$golden_primes);
$prime = $primes[$len];
$dec = bcmod(bcmul($num, $prime), $ceil);
$hash = self::base62($dec);
return str_pad($hash, $len, "0", STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
public static function unbase62($key) {
$int = 0;
foreach(str_split(strrev($key)) as $i => $char) {
$dec = array_search(ord($char), self::$chars62);
$int = bcadd(bcmul($dec, bcpow(62, $i)), $int);
}
return $int;
}
public static function unhash($hash) {
$len = strlen($hash);
$ceil = bcpow(62, $len);
$mmiprimes = array_values(self::$golden_primes);
$mmi = $mmiprimes[$len];
$num = self::unbase62($hash);
$dec = bcmod(bcmul($num, $mmi), $ceil);
return $dec;
}
}
最短的哈希是32个字符的长度,如何使用md5哈希的前8个字符
echo substr(md5('http://www.google.com'), 0, 8);
更新:这里是另一个类中找到这里书面特拉维尔帕金斯这需要记录号码并为它创建短哈希。14位数字产生8位字符串。到您达到这个数字的日期,您就会变得比tinyurl更受欢迎;)
class BaseIntEncoder {
//const $codeset = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
//readable character set excluded (0,O,1,l)
const codeset = "23456789abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
static function encode($n){
$base = strlen(self::codeset);
$converted = '';
while ($n > 0) {
$converted = substr(self::codeset, bcmod($n,$base), 1) . $converted;
$n = self::bcFloor(bcdiv($n, $base));
}
return $converted ;
}
static function decode($code){
$base = strlen(self::codeset);
$c = '0';
for ($i = strlen($code); $i; $i--) {
$c = bcadd($c,bcmul(strpos(self::codeset, substr($code, (-1 * ( $i - strlen($code) )),1))
,bcpow($base,$i-1)));
}
return bcmul($c, 1, 0);
}
static private function bcFloor($x)
{
return bcmul($x, '1', 0);
}
static private function bcCeil($x)
{
$floor = bcFloor($x);
return bcadd($floor, ceil(bcsub($x, $floor)));
}
static private function bcRound($x)
{
$floor = bcFloor($x);
return bcadd($floor, round(bcsub($x, $floor)));
}
}
这是如何使用它的示例:
BaseIntEncoder::encode('1122344523');//result:3IcjVE
BaseIntEncoder::decode('3IcjVE');//result:1122344523
const codeset
可能是任意顺序,只是为了混淆++
最佳答案:给定唯一的数据库ID,最小的唯一“类似哈希”字符串-PHP解决方案,无需第三方库。
这是代码:
<?php
/*
THE FOLLOWING CODE WILL PRINT:
A database_id value of 200 maps to 5K
A database_id value of 1 maps to 1
A database_id value of 1987645 maps to 16LOD
*/
$database_id = 200;
$base36value = dec2string($database_id, 36);
echo "A database_id value of $database_id maps to $base36value\n";
$database_id = 1;
$base36value = dec2string($database_id, 36);
echo "A database_id value of $database_id maps to $base36value\n";
$database_id = 1987645;
$base36value = dec2string($database_id, 36);
echo "A database_id value of $database_id maps to $base36value\n";
// HERE'S THE FUNCTION THAT DOES THE HEAVY LIFTING...
function dec2string ($decimal, $base)
// convert a decimal number into a string using $base
{
//DebugBreak();
global $error;
$string = null;
$base = (int)$base;
if ($base < 2 | $base > 36 | $base == 10) {
echo 'BASE must be in the range 2-9 or 11-36';
exit;
} // if
// maximum character string is 36 characters
$charset = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
// strip off excess characters (anything beyond $base)
$charset = substr($charset, 0, $base);
if (!ereg('(^[0-9]{1,50}$)', trim($decimal))) {
$error['dec_input'] = 'Value must be a positive integer with < 50 digits';
return false;
} // if
do {
// get remainder after dividing by BASE
$remainder = bcmod($decimal, $base);
$char = substr($charset, $remainder, 1); // get CHAR from array
$string = "$char$string"; // prepend to output
//$decimal = ($decimal - $remainder) / $base;
$decimal = bcdiv(bcsub($decimal, $remainder), $base);
} while ($decimal > 0);
return $string;
}
?>
在数据库中进行重复检查的简单方法:
$unique = false;
// While will be repeated until we get unique hash
while($unique == false) {
// Getting full hash based on random numbers
$full_hash = base64_encode( rand(9999,999999) );
// Taking only first 8 symbols
$hash = substr($full_hash, 0, 8);
// Checking for duplicate in Database - Laravel SQL syntax
$duplicate = \App\Item::where('url', $hash)->count();
// If no Duplicate, setting Hash as unique
if ($duplicate==0) {
// For stoping while
$unique=true;
// New Hash is confirmed as unique
$input['url']=$hash;
}
}
我正在缩短网址。就我而言,每次使用唯一的短网址时,我都使用数据库的“ id”来创建。
首先,我所做的是-
在数据库中插入“原始网址”和“创建日期”之类的数据,而在数据库中保留“短网址”为空。然后从那里获取“ id”并传递下面的函数。
<?php
function genUniqueCode($id){
$id = $id + 100000000000;
return base_convert($id, 10, 36);
}
//Get Unique Code using ID
/*
id Below is retrived from Database after Inserting Original URL.
*/
$data['id'] =10;
$uniqueCode = genUniqueCode($data['id']);
// Generating the URL
$protocol = strtolower(substr($_SERVER["SERVER_PROTOCOL"],0,5))=='https'?'https':'http';
echo "<a href='{$protocol}://{$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']}/{$uniqueCode}'>{$protocol}://{$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']}/{$uniqueCode}</a>";
?>
然后在数据库中更新短网址代码的值。
在这里,我使用“ id”来创建短代码。由于多个条目的ID不能相同。它是唯一的,因此唯一代码或网址将是唯一的。