我已经看到HTTP请求的文本表示是什么,但是DNS请求是什么样的?您要查找的URL的位置在数据中的何处?另外,响应的格式如何?
我已经看到HTTP请求的文本表示是什么,但是DNS请求是什么样的?您要查找的URL的位置在数据中的何处?另外,响应的格式如何?
Answers:
这是来自DNS查询的Wireshark的原始转储。
DNS部分以24 1a开头:
0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 45 00 ........ ......E.
0010 00 3c 51 e3 40 00 40 11 ea cb 7f 00 00 01 7f 00 .<Q.@.@. ........
0020 00 01 ec ed 00 35 00 28 fe 3b 24 1a 01 00 00 01 .....5.( .;$.....
0030 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 77 77 77 06 67 6f 6f 67 6c .......w ww.googl
0040 65 03 63 6f 6d 00 00 01 00 01 e.com... ..
这是细分:
Domain Name System (query)
[Response In: 1852]
Transaction ID: 0x241a
Flags: 0x0100 (Standard query)
0... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a query
.000 0... .... .... = Opcode: Standard query (0)
.... ..0. .... .... = Truncated: Message is not truncated
.... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
.... .... .0.. .... = Z: reserved (0)
.... .... ...0 .... = Non-authenticated data OK: Non-authenticated data is unacceptable
Questions: 1
Answer RRs: 0
Authority RRs: 0
Additional RRs: 0
Queries
www.google.com: type A, class IN
Name: www.google.com
Type: A (Host address)
Class: IN (0x0001)
再次从24 1a开始响应:
0000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 45 00 ........ ......E.
0010 00 7a 00 00 40 00 40 11 3c 71 7f 00 00 01 7f 00 .z..@.@. <q......
0020 00 01 00 35 ec ed 00 66 fe 79 24 1a 81 80 00 01 ...5...f .y$.....
0030 00 03 00 00 00 00 03 77 77 77 06 67 6f 6f 67 6c .......w ww.googl
0040 65 03 63 6f 6d 00 00 01 00 01 c0 0c 00 05 00 01 e.com... ........
0050 00 05 28 39 00 12 03 77 77 77 01 6c 06 67 6f 6f ..(9...w ww.l.goo
0060 67 6c 65 03 63 6f 6d 00 c0 2c 00 01 00 01 00 00 gle.com. .,......
0070 00 e3 00 04 42 f9 59 63 c0 2c 00 01 00 01 00 00 ....B.Yc .,......
0080 00 e3 00 04 42 f9 59 68 ....B.Yh
分解:
Domain Name System (response)
[Request In: 1851]
[Time: 0.000125000 seconds]
Transaction ID: 0x241a
Flags: 0x8180 (Standard query response, No error)
1... .... .... .... = Response: Message is a response
.000 0... .... .... = Opcode: Standard query (0)
.... .0.. .... .... = Authoritative: Server is not an authority for domain
.... ..0. .... .... = Truncated: Message is not truncated
.... ...1 .... .... = Recursion desired: Do query recursively
.... .... 1... .... = Recursion available: Server can do recursive queries
.... .... .0.. .... = Z: reserved (0)
.... .... ..0. .... = Answer authenticated: Answer/authority portion was not authenticated by the server
.... .... .... 0000 = Reply code: No error (0)
Questions: 1
Answer RRs: 3
Authority RRs: 0
Additional RRs: 0
Queries
www.google.com: type A, class IN
Name: www.google.com
Type: A (Host address)
Class: IN (0x0001)
Answers
www.google.com: type CNAME, class IN, cname www.l.google.com
Name: www.google.com
Type: CNAME (Canonical name for an alias)
Class: IN (0x0001)
Time to live: 3 days, 21 hours, 52 minutes, 57 seconds
Data length: 18
Primary name: www.l.google.com
www.l.google.com: type A, class IN, addr 66.249.89.99
Name: www.l.google.com
Type: A (Host address)
Class: IN (0x0001)
Time to live: 3 minutes, 47 seconds
Data length: 4
Addr: 66.249.89.99
www.l.google.com: type A, class IN, addr 66.249.89.104
Name: www.l.google.com
Type: A (Host address)
Class: IN (0x0001)
Time to live: 3 minutes, 47 seconds
Data length: 4
Addr: 66.249.89.104
编辑:
请注意,如果您真正的问题是“如何编写DNS服务器?”,那么有两个适当的答案:
编辑(2):
该请求是host
在Linux机器上使用发送的:
host www.google.com
如果您使用的是Windows,则可以使用 nslookup
nslookup www.google.com
/questions/173187/what-does-a-dns-request-look-like
包含在请求中?
DNS请求数据布局在RFC 1035中进行了描述。我认为在这里复制文字有点没有意义...
使用协议分析器可以最好地查看DNS查询和响应-Wireshark是一个很好的跨平台工具,可以捕获并将请求和响应分解为各个部分。在Firewall.cx上可以很好地介绍DNS请求和响应的结构。
DNS请求包含指定名称(或可能是任意文本字段)和记录类型的问题-响应的内容将根据类型而有所不同。大多数请求是对服务器名称的简单直接查找,以查找响应中的ip地址(类型A),但有些请求将在名称服务器本身(类型NS),邮件记录(类型MX)和其他服务(类型)上查找更多信息。将返回名称,端口,权重和优先级的SRV。DNS响应包含对这些问题的答案,如果请求要求的话,可能不止一个,而且不总是IP地址。
另一个说明-DNS无法解析URL-在大多数涉及URL的情况下,DNS仅用于使客户端系统能够找到URL服务器部分的ip地址,其他所有操作均由其他协议处理。
如果可以进入Linux机器,则可以运行dig命令执行DNS查找。该实用程序执行查找并精确返回名称服务器响应的内容。例如:
; <<>> DiG 9.6.1-P2 <<>> serverfault.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32383
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;serverfault.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
serverfault.com. 55961 IN A 69.59.196.211
;; Query time: 21 msec
;; SERVER: 68.87.64.150#53(68.87.64.150)
;; WHEN: Sun Aug 22 09:21:35 2010
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 49
从“ HEADER”部分开始的所有内容都是从名称服务器返回的内容。我假设这就是您所指的文本格式,因为这不是实际数据包的格式,而是返回的文本。