我们最近为OpenSSH应用了供应商提供的补丁。该补丁禁用了一些密钥交换协议,以响应最近的Logjam攻击。应用此修补程序后,由于连接协商失败(可能由于密钥交换算法已弃用),我们有一些供应商无法通过sftp交换文件。
在与供应商交谈之前,我想验证一下我们所看到的几件事。这是与问题供应商之一(添加行号)的示例SSH会话:
# ssh -vv user@host.domain.com
01 OpenSSH_6.2p2, OpenSSL 0.9.8j-fips 07 Jan 2009
02 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
03 debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *
04 debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
05 debug1: Connecting to host.domain.com [1.2.3.4] port 22.
06 debug1: Connection established.
07 debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
08 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
09 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
10 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
11 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
12 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
13 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
14 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
15 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.2
16 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version GXSSSHD_Comments
17 debug1: no match: GXSSSHD_Comments
18 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
19 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
20 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
21 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
22 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v00@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
23 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
24 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
25 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
26 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
27 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
28 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
29 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
30 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
31 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
32 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
33 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
34 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-dss,ssh-rsa
35 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-ctr,aes128-ctr,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,arcfour,arcfour128
36 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-ctr,aes128-ctr,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,arcfour,arcfour128
37 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,hmac-md5-96,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-sha256,hmac-sha256@ssh.com
38 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,hmac-md5-96,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-sha256,hmac-sha256@ssh.com
39 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib
40 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib
41 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
42 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
43 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
44 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
45 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
46 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
47 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
48 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
49 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1536<3072<8192) sent
50 debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
51 DH_GEX group out of range: 1536 !< 1024 !< 8192`
因此,在密钥交换协商期间,客户端和服务器交换其受支持算法的列表(第21和33行)。他们同意使用在这两个列表中找到的第一个匹配项diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1
。据我了解,该算法支持客户端和服务器随后必须协商的一定范围的位长。在正常情况下,客户端和服务器会协商一个位长,并使用文件中的DH主键交换密钥moduli
,例如/etc/ssh/moduli
(我知道这最后一条语句很 “门外汉”,但这大约是长短之短)。它)。
在这种情况下,我认为我看到的是位长协商失败。在第49行,客户(我)说:“我支持1536至8192之间的位长,并希望使用3072位。” 但是,服务器回复并说“我仅支持1024位”。此时客户放弃并说“我不能和你说话”。这是对这里发生的事情的合理描述吗?
据我了解,此刻问题完全在服务器端(假设我们没有协商较弱的算法diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
)。在密钥交换过程中,必须修改服务器以支持更大的位长。
我想确保我在继续之前正确理解了这一点。输入表示赞赏。