由于本地组件存储已损坏，并且计算机正在访问本地WSUS服务器，而不是Microsoft访问的公共更新服务器，我花了几个小时才能解决此问题（并且因为我很少使用Dism）。为了参考并帮助其他人解决同一问题，我将写下问题描述并提供解决方案。
自从升级到Windows 10 Pro版本1511（内部版本10586）以来，我在几个位置的文件opencl.dll损坏都有问题。
我尝试过sfc.exe /scannow，但未能解决问题。错误消息包括：
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3a Hashes for file member \SystemRoot\WinSxS\wow64_microsoft-windows-r..xwddmdriver-wow64-c_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.10586.0_none_3dae054b56911c22\opencl.dll do not match actual file [l:10]"opencl.dll" :
Found: {l:32 g2VAunZ6/2J1G3oL7kf9fjInPUA9VYeiJcl9VKgizaY=} Expected: {l:32 9rnAnuwzPjMQA7sW63oNAVhckspIngsqJXKYSUeQ5Do=}
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3b [SR] Cannot repair member file [l:10]"opencl.dll" of microsoft-windows-RemoteFX-clientVM-RemoteFXWDDMDriver-WOW64-C, version 10.0.10586.0, arch Host= amd64 Guest= x86, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35} in the store, hash mismatch
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3c [SR] This component was referenced by [l:125]"Microsoft-Windows-RemoteFX-VM-Setup-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.10586.0.RemoteFX clientVM and UMTS files and regkeys"
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3d Hashes for file member \??\C:\WINDOWS\SysWOW64\opencl.dll do not match actual file [l:10]"opencl.dll" :
Found: {l:32 g2VAunZ6/2J1G3oL7kf9fjInPUA9VYeiJcl9VKgizaY=} Expected: {l:32 9rnAnuwzPjMQA7sW63oNAVhckspIngsqJXKYSUeQ5Do=}
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3e Hashes for file member \SystemRoot\WinSxS\wow64_microsoft-windows-r..xwddmdriver-wow64-c_31bf3856ad364e35_10.0.10586.0_none_3dae054b56911c22\opencl.dll do not match actual file [l:10]"opencl.dll" :
Found: {l:32 g2VAunZ6/2J1G3oL7kf9fjInPUA9VYeiJcl9VKgizaY=} Expected: {l:32 9rnAnuwzPjMQA7sW63oNAVhckspIngsqJXKYSUeQ5Do=}
2015-12-08 08:50:43, Info CSI 00003c3f [SR] Could not reproject corrupted file [l:23 ml:24]"\??\C:\WINDOWS\SysWOW64"\[l:10]"opencl.dll"; source file in store is also corrupted
好的，所以问题现在很清楚。不幸的是，SFC无法解决损坏，因为本地组件存储也已损坏。不幸的是，我丢失了指示组件存储损坏的错误消息。
所以我试图Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth无济于事。它失败并显示错误0x800f081f，表明源文件存在另一个问题。
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS Exec: Download qualification evaluation, business scenario: Manual Corruption Repair
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS Exec: Clients specified using Windows Update.
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS WU: Update service is not default AU service, skip. URL: https://fe2.update.microsoft.com/v6/, Name: Microsoft Update
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS WU: Update service is not default AU service, skip. URL: https://fe2.ws.microsoft.com/v6/, Name: Windows Store
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS WU: Update service is not default AU service, skip. URL: https://fe3.delivery.mp.microsoft.com/, Name: Windows Store (DCat Prod)
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS WU: WSUS service is the default, URL: (null), Name: Windows Server Update Service
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS DWLD:Search is done, set download progress to 20 percent.
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS Nothing to download, unexpected
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS Failed to collect payload and there is nothing to repair. [HRESULT = 0x800f081f - CBS_E_SOURCE_MISSING]
2015-12-08 08:57:35, Info CBS Failed to repair store. [HRESULT = 0x800f081f - CBS_E_SOURCE_MISSING]
查看错误消息后，很明显Windows已设置为使用本地WSUS服务器，因此Dism无法从存储库中检索有效文件。虽然我确定可以以某种方式配置WSUS以提供必要的文件，但我不知道如何，我需要快速修复。（如果有人知道如何相应地配置WSUS，请提供信息）。
/LimitAccess如前所述，通过添加参数来限制对本地存储的访问是没有用的，因为本地组件存储也已损坏。
我在两台计算机上遇到了这个问题。一个更新的Windows 10的未解决的问题。
FWIW还有很长的螺纹这里answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/...有关与此DLL问题。
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