我得到响应/root/gcc-4.8.2/bin：当我在bash.rc中设置路径时，没有这样的文件或目录

0

我的系统中已经有gcc 4.4.7。我的系统是RHEL 6.6。

[root@gksrv Desktop]# gcc --version
    gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18)
    Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
    warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

我想升级到gcc-4.8.2，然后完成了在系统上安装它的所有步骤。

键入后得到的输出的最后部分make install如下：

 Libraries have been installed in:
       /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64

    If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
    in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
    specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
    flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
       - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
         during execution
       - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
         during linking
       - use the `-Wl,-rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
       - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

    See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
    more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info"
     /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/Downloads/objdir/../gcc-4.8.2/libgomp/libgomp.info '/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info'
     install-info --info-dir='/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info' '/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info/libgomp.info'
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/finclude" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/finclude"
     /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 omp_lib.h omp_lib.f90 omp_lib.mod omp_lib_kinds.mod '/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/finclude'
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/include" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/include"
     /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 omp.h '/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/include'
    make[4]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libgomp'
    make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libgomp'
    make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libgomp'
    make[2]: Entering directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    Making install in testsuite
    make[3]: Entering directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm/testsuite'
    make[4]: Entering directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm/testsuite'
    make[4]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'.
    make[4]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'.
    make[4]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm/testsuite'
    make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm/testsuite'
    make[3]: Entering directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    true  DO=all multi-do # make
    make[4]: Entering directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    true  DO=install multi-do # make
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64"
     /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 libitm.spec '/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64'
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64"
     /bin/sh ./libtool   --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c   libitm.la '/root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64'
    libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libitm.so.1.0.0 /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libitm.so.1.0.0
    libtool: install: (cd /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64 && { ln -s -f libitm.so.1.0.0 libitm.so.1 || { rm -f libitm.so.1 && ln -s libitm.so.1.0.0 libitm.so.1; }; })
    libtool: install: (cd /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64 && { ln -s -f libitm.so.1.0.0 libitm.so || { rm -f libitm.so && ln -s libitm.so.1.0.0 libitm.so; }; })
    libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libitm.lai /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libitm.la
    libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/libitm.a /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libitm.a
    libtool: install: chmod 644 /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libitm.a
    libtool: install: ranlib /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libitm.a
    libtool: finish: PATH="/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin:/root/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin:/sbin" ldconfig -n /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64
    ldconfig: /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.18-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start.

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Libraries have been installed in:
       /root/gcc-4.8.2/lib/../lib64

    If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
    in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
    specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
    flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
       - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
         during execution
       - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
         during linking
       - use the `-Wl,-rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
       - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

    See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
    more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    test -z "/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info" || /bin/mkdir -p "/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info"
     /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 /root/Downloads/objdir/../gcc-4.8.2/libitm/libitm.info '/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info'
     install-info --info-dir='/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info' '/root/gcc-4.8.2/share/info/libitm.info'
    make[4]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/libitm'
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/Downloads/objdir'

但是，在键入gcc -v之后，我发现编译器没有被替换：

 [root@gksrv objdir]# gcc -v
    Using built-in specs.
    Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
    Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk --disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre --enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib --with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=i686 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
    Thread model: posix
    gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18) (GCC)

我试图将路径设置为root。我输入vim .bashrc并到达此窗口：

# .bashrc

# User specific aliases and functions

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi

if [ -d "/opt/intel/Compiler/11.0/083/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="/opt/intel/Compiler/11.0/083/bin:$PATH"
fi

export ALTERAOCLSDKROOT="/home/altera/15.0/hld"

export QSYS_ROOTDIR="/home/altera/15.0/quartus/sopc_builder/bin"

PATH= /root/gcc-4.8.2/bin:$PATH
export PATH

如上所示，我通过以下方式向此脚本添加了路径：

PATH= /root/gcc-4.8.2/bin:$PATH
    export PATH

输入后，我echo $PATH得到以下响应：

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin:/root/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin

显然未检测到gcc-4.8.2的路径。

如何设置PATH，以便将gcc-4.8.2其识别为默认编译器而不是默认编译器gcc-4.4.7？

编辑：

我遵循了Boxama的建议，并且更新了我的路径：

/root/gcc-4.8.2/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.121-1.b13.el6.x86_64/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin:/root/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin:/usr/apache/apache-ant-1.9.9/bin

键入后，我现在得到以下输出gcc -v：

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/root/gcc-4.8.2/libexec/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.2/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Configured with: /root/Downloads/objdir/../gcc-4.8.2/configure --prefix=/root/gcc-4.8.2 --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,go --disable-multilib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.2 (GCC)
linux  bash  environment-variables  path  gcc 
— a_sid
source
1
将您的内容粘贴到.bashrc那里：shellcheck.net
— Cyrus

Answers:

1

后面不能有空格PATH=，并应在值周围加上"标记，以便$PATH可以正确替换：

export PATH="/root/gcc-4.8.2/bin:$PATH"

另外，请确保重新加载您的.bashrc，以使更改真正生效：

# source /root/.bashrc

在/ usr / bin之前添加到较新gcc的路径将使它优先于较早的安装。

请注意，由于gcc已安装在/ root中，因此其他用户将无法访问/运行它。

— boxama
source
我按照您的回答，现在我的路径已经更新。键入时，我会看到gcc-4.8.2 gcc -v。
— a_sid
0

gcc-4.9.2可从repo´s获得：＃ yum install centos-release-scl-rh

# yum install devtoolset-3-gcc-c++

启用gcc / g ++版本4.9.2：$ scl enable devtoolset-3 bash

— 努德·拉森（Knud Larsen）
source
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