我使用的是Windows 8.1专业版。我安装了SQL Server Management Studio 2012 x64，一切正常。我安装了Visual Studio 2013，并且一切正常。
然后，我安装了Visual Studio Service Pack 1和一些高级功能。我在卸载这些东西时遇到了麻烦，因此我进行了系统还原以回滚我的计算机。那行得通，但是现在无论何时我去SSMS，我都会得到一个
"Cannot find one or more components. Please reinstall application"
我尝试修复SSMS，卸载，重新安装，甚至尝试了SSMS 2014，但是无论我进入SSMS时做什么，我仍然会遇到相同的错误。
我想知道是否有某些组件在我删除Visual Studio Pro时丢失或删除了？我重新安装了Visual Studio 2013 Express，它可以工作，但SSMS仍然无法工作。
我看了这篇文章，并11.0_Config从注册表中删除了，但还是没有运气。
然后，我删除了整个SQL Server Management Studio注册表并重新安装，仍然没有运气。
编辑：
每次我安装SSMS 2012或2014时ManagementToolsAdvancedConfig_install_postmsi_Cpu64.，在安装过程中都会出现相同的上述错误。然而，安装继续并完成，甚至显示所有绿色的对号表示所有已安装...
这是重新安装后打印的日志摘要。不知道这是否有帮助：
Overall summary:
Final result: Passed
Exit code (Decimal): 0
Start time: 2014-06-26 12:10:28
End time: 2014-06-26 12:18:57
Requested action: Install
Machine Properties:
Machine name: MYMACHINE
Machine processor count: 8
OS version: Windows 8
OS service pack:
OS region: United States
OS language: English (United States)
OS architecture: x64
Process architecture: 64 Bit
OS clustered: No
Product features discovered:
Product Instance Instance ID Feature Language Edition Version Clustered Configured
Package properties:
Description: Microsoft SQL Server 2014
ProductName: SQL Server 2014
Type: RTM
Version: 12
SPLevel: 0
Installation location: C:\Users\ME\Downloads\SQLManagementStudio_x64_ENU\x64\setup\
Installation edition: Express
Product Update Status:
None discovered.
User Input Settings:
ACTION: Install
ADDCURRENTUSERASSQLADMIN: true
AGTSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
AGTSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
AGTSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Manual
ASBACKUPDIR: Backup
ASCOLLATION: Latin1_General_CI_AS
ASCONFIGDIR: Config
ASDATADIR: Data
ASLOGDIR: Log
ASPROVIDERMSOLAP: 1
ASSERVERMODE: MULTIDIMENSIONAL
ASSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
ASSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
ASSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Automatic
ASSYSADMINACCOUNTS: <empty>
ASTEMPDIR: Temp
BROWSERSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Disabled
CLTCTLRNAME: <empty>
CLTRESULTDIR: <empty>
CLTSTARTUPTYPE: 0
CLTSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
CLTSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
CLTWORKINGDIR: <empty>
COMMFABRICENCRYPTION: 0
COMMFABRICNETWORKLEVEL: 0
COMMFABRICPORT: 0
CONFIGURATIONFILE:
CTLRSTARTUPTYPE: 0
CTLRSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
CTLRSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
CTLRUSERS: <empty>
ENABLERANU: false
ENU: true
ERRORREPORTING: false
FEATURES: CONN, BC, SDK, SSMS, ADV_SSMS, SNAC_SDK
FILESTREAMLEVEL: 0
FILESTREAMSHARENAME: <empty>
FTSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
FTSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
HELP: false
IACCEPTSQLSERVERLICENSETERMS: true
INDICATEPROGRESS: false
INSTALLSHAREDDIR: C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\
INSTALLSHAREDWOWDIR: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\
INSTALLSQLDATADIR: <empty>
INSTANCEDIR: C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\
INSTANCEID: <empty>
INSTANCENAME: <empty>
ISSVCACCOUNT: NT AUTHORITY\Network Service
ISSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
ISSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Automatic
MATRIXCMBRICKCOMMPORT: 0
MATRIXCMSERVERNAME: <empty>
MATRIXNAME: <empty>
NPENABLED: 0
PID: *****
QUIET: false
QUIETSIMPLE: false
ROLE: AllFeatures_WithDefaults
RSINSTALLMODE: DefaultNativeMode
RSSHPINSTALLMODE: DefaultSharePointMode
RSSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
RSSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
RSSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Automatic
SAPWD: <empty>
SECURITYMODE: <empty>
SQLBACKUPDIR: <empty>
SQLCOLLATION: SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS
SQLSVCACCOUNT: <empty>
SQLSVCPASSWORD: <empty>
SQLSVCSTARTUPTYPE: Automatic
SQLSYSADMINACCOUNTS: <empty>
SQLTEMPDBDIR: <empty>
SQLTEMPDBLOGDIR: <empty>
SQLUSERDBDIR: <empty>
SQLUSERDBLOGDIR: <empty>
SQMREPORTING: false
TCPENABLED: 0
UIMODE: AutoAdvance
UpdateEnabled: true
UpdateSource: MU
USEMICROSOFTUPDATE: false
X86: false
Configuration file: C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\120\Setup Bootstrap\Log\20140626_121025\ConfigurationFile.ini
Detailed results:
Feature: Management Tools - Complete
Status: Passed
Feature: Client Tools Connectivity
Status: Passed
Feature: Client Tools SDK
Status: Passed
Feature: Client Tools Backwards Compatibility
Status: Passed
Feature: Management Tools - Basic
Status: Passed
Feature: SQL Client Connectivity
Status: Passed
Feature: SQL Client Connectivity SDK
Status: Passed
Feature: Setup Support Files
Status: Passed
Rules with failures:
Global rules:
Scenario specific rules:
Rules report file: C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\120\Setup Bootstrap\Log\20140626_121025\SystemConfigurationCheck_Report.htm
还有其他查看日志的方法或查看缺少哪些组件的方法吗？
您是否尝试过删除注册表项？不知道它缺少哪些组件，很难指导您如何解决它。由于它是您的计算机，因此日志文件必须存在，您只需找到它即可。
—
Ramhound 2014年
这也是我要问的：在哪里可以找到此日志文件？---至于删除该注册表，这样做安全吗？
—
2014年
@ramhound，感谢您的帮助。已经看过那个帖子。删除注册表项并重新安装，仍然是同样的问题...问题已更新为新信息。
—
2014年
固定它！不会让我再发表自己的答案，持续8个小时吗？
—
Micro