SSH到具有NAT网络的Vmware虚拟机[重复]


9

现在,我能够ssh通过Internet进行托管,并且可以ssh从主机托管到虚拟机。我想要做的是ssh直接从外部访问Guest计算机。

我尝试使用iptables以下方法执行此操作:

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -m tcp -p tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.130.128:22

并在UFW以下位置打开了相关端口:

ufw allow routed
ufw allow outgoing
ufw deny incoming
ufw allow 2222/tcp

重新加载防火墙后,远程ssh将冻结debug1: Connecting to x.x.x.x [x.x.x.x] port 2222并使用tcpdump -i vmnet8 'port 22'我可以看到以下内容:

listening on vmnet8, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes
18:56:03.002790 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [S], seq 1077492285, win 29200, options [mss 1260,sackOK,TS val 1388564 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
18:56:03.003235 IP y.y.y.y.ssh > x.x.x.x.13203: Flags [S.], seq 3535035554, ack 1077492286, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 307333897 ecr 1388564,sackOK,eol], length 0
18:56:03.003290 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [R], seq 1077492286, win 32767, length 0
18:56:03.996287 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [S], seq 1077492285, win 29200, options [mss 1260,sackOK,TS val 1388664 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
18:56:03.996770 IP y.y.y.y.ssh > x.x.x.x.13203: Flags [S.], seq 1749343118, ack 1077492286, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 307334888 ecr 1388664,sackOK,eol], length 0
18:56:03.996841 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [R], seq 1077492286, win 32767, length 0
18:56:05.997104 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [S], seq 1077492285, win 29200, options [mss 1260,sackOK,TS val 1388864 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
18:56:06.001310 IP y.y.y.y.ssh > x.x.x.x.13203: Flags [S.], seq 3571006762, ack 1077492286, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 307336889 ecr 1388864,sackOK,eol], length 0
18:56:06.001344 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [R], seq 1077492286, win 32767, length 0
18:56:10.006741 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [S], seq 1077492285, win 29200, options [mss 1260,sackOK,TS val 1389265 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
18:56:10.007142 IP y.y.y.y.ssh > x.x.x.x.13203: Flags [S.], seq 1524745855, ack 1077492286, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 307340890 ecr 1389265,sackOK,eol], length 0
18:56:10.007217 IP x.x.x.x.13203 > y.y.y.y.ssh: Flags [R], seq 1077492286, win 32767, length 0

tcpdump在我的MacOS客人身上也会得到相同的结果。

  • 主机:Ubuntu 14.04
  • 宾客:mac os mavericks
  • 虚拟化平台:Vmware工作站11

更新:

这是ufw日志消息(日志高):

Jun 21 09:47:44 srv05-crawler kernel: [518567.737815] [UFW AUDIT] IN=eth0 OUT=vmnet8 MAC=00:25:90:ef:aa:a0:00:24:c4:c0:d3:40:08:00 SRC=x.x.x.x DST=192.168.130.128 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=15454 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=20039 DPT=22 WINDOW=29200 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 
Jun 21 09:47:44 srv05-crawler kernel: [518567.737828] [UFW ALLOW] IN=eth0 OUT=vmnet8 MAC=00:25:90:ef:aa:a0:00:24:c4:c0:d3:40:08:00 SRC=x.x.x.x DST=192.168.130.128 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=15454 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=20039 DPT=22 WINDOW=29200 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 
Jun 21 09:47:45 srv05-crawler kernel: [518568.733572] [UFW AUDIT] IN=eth0 OUT=vmnet8 MAC=00:25:90:ef:aa:a0:00:24:c4:c0:d3:40:08:00 SRC=x.x.x.x DST=192.168.130.128 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=15455 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=20039 DPT=22 WINDOW=29200 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 
Jun 21 09:47:45 srv05-crawler kernel: [518568.733592] [UFW ALLOW] IN=eth0 OUT=vmnet8 MAC=00:25:90:ef:aa:a0:00:24:c4:c0:d3:40:08:00 SRC=x.x.x.x DST=192.168.130.128 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=15455 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=20039 DPT=22 WINDOW=29200 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0a

我使用以下命令获取丢弃的数据包日志:

iptables -N LOGGING
iptables -A INPUT -j LOGGING
iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOGGING
iptables -A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPT Drops: " --log-level 4
iptables -A LOGGING -j DROP

但是我找不到任何dropped包裹。

更新2:

iptables config作为一些朋友的要求:

# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Sun Jun 21 16:46:49 2015
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [1363:113716]
:INPUT ACCEPT [39:2210]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [3135:202553]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [3146:203213]
-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 2222 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.130.128:22
COMMIT
# Completed on Sun Jun 21 16:46:49 2015
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Sun Jun 21 16:46:49 2015
*filter
:INPUT DROP [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:LOGGING - [0:0]
:fail2ban-ssh - [0:0]
:ufw-after-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-after-input - [0:0]
:ufw-after-logging-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-after-logging-input - [0:0]
:ufw-after-logging-output - [0:0]
:ufw-after-output - [0:0]
:ufw-before-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-before-input - [0:0]
:ufw-before-logging-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-before-logging-input - [0:0]
:ufw-before-logging-output - [0:0]
:ufw-before-output - [0:0]
:ufw-logging-allow - [0:0]
:ufw-logging-deny - [0:0]
:ufw-not-local - [0:0]
:ufw-reject-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-reject-input - [0:0]
:ufw-reject-output - [0:0]
:ufw-skip-to-policy-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-skip-to-policy-input - [0:0]
:ufw-skip-to-policy-output - [0:0]
:ufw-track-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-track-input - [0:0]
:ufw-track-output - [0:0]
:ufw-user-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-user-input - [0:0]
:ufw-user-limit - [0:0]
:ufw-user-limit-accept - [0:0]
:ufw-user-logging-forward - [0:0]
:ufw-user-logging-input - [0:0]
:ufw-user-logging-output - [0:0]
:ufw-user-output - [0:0]
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22 -j fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22022 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j ufw-before-logging-input
-A INPUT -j ufw-before-input
-A INPUT -j ufw-after-input
-A INPUT -j ufw-after-logging-input
-A INPUT -j ufw-reject-input
-A INPUT -j ufw-track-input
-A INPUT -j LOGGING
-A FORWARD -j ufw-before-logging-forward
-A FORWARD -j ufw-before-forward
-A FORWARD -j ufw-after-forward
-A FORWARD -j ufw-after-logging-forward
-A FORWARD -j ufw-reject-forward
-A FORWARD -j ufw-track-forward
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-before-logging-output
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-before-output
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-after-output
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-after-logging-output
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-reject-output
-A OUTPUT -j ufw-track-output
-A OUTPUT -j LOGGING
-A LOGGING -m limit --limit 2/min -j LOG --log-prefix "IPtables dropped: "
-A LOGGING -j DROP
-A fail2ban-ssh -j RETURN
-A ufw-after-input -p udp -m udp --dport 137 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -p udp -m udp --dport 138 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -p tcp -m tcp --dport 139 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -p tcp -m tcp --dport 445 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-input -m addrtype --dst-type BROADCAST -j ufw-skip-to-policy-input
-A ufw-after-logging-input -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j LOG --log-prefix "[UFW BLOCK] "
-A ufw-before-forward -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 3 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 4 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 11 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 12 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-forward -j ufw-user-forward
-A ufw-before-input -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j ufw-logging-deny
-A ufw-before-input -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A ufw-before-input -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 3 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 4 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 11 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 12 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -p udp -m udp --sport 67 --dport 68 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -j ufw-not-local
-A ufw-before-input -d 224.0.0.251/32 -p udp -m udp --dport 5353 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -d 239.255.255.250/32 -p udp -m udp --dport 1900 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-input -j ufw-user-input
-A ufw-before-output -o lo -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-output -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-before-output -j ufw-user-output
-A ufw-logging-allow -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j LOG --log-prefix "[UFW ALLOW] "
-A ufw-logging-deny -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j RETURN
-A ufw-logging-deny -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j LOG --log-prefix "[UFW BLOCK] "
-A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type LOCAL -j RETURN
-A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type MULTICAST -j RETURN
-A ufw-not-local -m addrtype --dst-type BROADCAST -j RETURN
-A ufw-not-local -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10 -j ufw-logging-deny
-A ufw-not-local -j DROP
-A ufw-skip-to-policy-forward -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-skip-to-policy-input -j DROP
-A ufw-skip-to-policy-output -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-track-forward -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-track-forward -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-track-output -p tcp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-track-output -p udp -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-user-input -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22022 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-user-input -p tcp -m tcp --dport 2222 -j ACCEPT
-A ufw-user-limit -m limit --limit 3/min -j LOG --log-prefix "[UFW LIMIT BLOCK] "
-A ufw-user-limit -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A ufw-user-limit-accept -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Sun Jun 21 16:46:49 2015

ufw status numbered

Status: active

     To                         Action      From
     --                         ------      ----
[ 1] 22022/tcp                  ALLOW IN    Anywhere
[ 2] 2222/tcp                   ALLOW IN    Anywhere

1
您的虚拟机是否可以直接访问Internet?如果没有,您将需要伪装。
qasdfdsaq

2
@Shahinism:比您的tcpdump输出更有趣的是防火墙日志。即使您的VM可以响应请求,谁又说主机不会在请求退出时将其删除?另外,我认为您的系统中启用了IPv4转发吗?虽然DNAT可以双向工作,但是只有在数据包通过时才允许通过。
0xC0000022L15年

@qasdfdsaq是的,因为我说过我可以在来宾设备本身上收到ssh请求。
Shahinism

Answers:


5

->跳转到更新

这里man ufw发现中所述我将规则4的外观更改为规则3之前的样子。

规则排序很重要,并且第一场比赛获胜。因此,在添加规则时,请先添加更具体的规则,然后再添加更一般的规则。

首先在2222上允许
传入tcp,然后路由到192.168.130.128:22,然后拒绝所有传入。

不知道它是否重要,但是在手册页中,路由规则看起来

ufw route allow 2222/tcp to 192.168.130.128 port 22

更新资料

简洁版本

您告诉您要iptables在其中添加一条PREROUTING规则nat table。缺少的部分是:

#---------------------------------------------------------------
# After DNAT, the packets are routed via the filter table's
# FORWARD chain.
# Connections on port 22 to the target machine on the private
# network must be allowed.
#---------------------------------------------------------------
# The `\` masks the `linebreak` in the `bash command`
# You can `copy & paste` all the lines at once

# From the manual
# Changing to specific IP and Interfaces  
# being:
# `eth0` your host adapter and
# `vmnet8` your guest adapter

这是到目标计算机的连接:

iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -i eth0 -o vmnet8 -d 192.168.130.128 \
    --dport 22 --sport 2222 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

而这些都是从过滤器host interface到你guest interface ,反之亦然。

iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -o eth0 -m state \
         --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -i vmnet8 -m state \
         --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

备注

首先,我将熟悉保存和重新加载iptables

然后,我将选项更改-A-I。这将把规则放在第一位。

我会考虑更改-A-C,因为这iptables将提示您最终丢失参数。

至少我会将-Z所有规则的计数器归零,然后看看实施新规则后会发生什么。

使答案正确无误

您要求将所有这些作为ufw manual。但是,如果我们用来解决您的问题,back-endufw front-end将很容易。

此更新的源位于此处,许可证为CC BY-NC-ND 2.5
此处


1
ufw只是的前端iptables。查看命令,我会说相应的netfilter表/链中的结果几乎相同。
0xC0000022L15年

1
@ 0xC0000022L不知道,但是您如何看待订购?
Marco M. von Hagen

1
最好的猜测,我会让自己成为。该tcpdump输出被误导本地系统上。有趣的是防火墙日志。
0xC0000022L15年

1
@Shahinism如0xC0000022L所述,ufw是的前端iptables。使用后禁用前端不会重置您的iptables。向我们展示此处iptables-save > output.txt解释的输出。
Marco M. von Hagen

1
@Shahinism返回并向ufw我们显示的输出ufw status numbered。这将使我们有机会重新安排规则的出现,以使事情正常进行。
Marco M. von Hagen
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