安装软件包时出现问题

由于出现此错误，我无法安装任何软件包：

installArchives() failed: E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?
debconf: apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory
E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?
debconf: apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory
E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?
debconf: apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory
E: Cannot get debconf version. Is debconf installed?
debconf: apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory
dpkg: regarding .../libgcc1_1%3a4.7.2-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb containing libgcc1:amd64, pre-dependency problem:
 libgcc1 pre-depends on multiarch-support
  multiarch-support is unpacked, but has never been configured.

dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libgcc1_1%3a4.7.2-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 pre-dependency problem - not installing libgcc1:amd64
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libgcc1_1%3a4.7.2-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb
Error in function: 
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6:amd64:
 libc6:amd64 depends on libgcc1; however:
  Package libgcc1 is not installed.
 libc6:amd64 depends on tzdata; however:
  Package tzdata is not installed.

dpkg: error processing libc6:amd64 (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of multiarch-support:
 multiarch-support depends on libc6 (>= 2.3.6-2); however:
  Package libc6:amd64 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing multiarch-support (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

这里解决这个问题的方法，超级简单的方法;）

有时您必须直接使用dpkg来解决此问题。

“再来一次”

软件包，multiarch-support is unpacked, but has never been configured这意味着该软件包将很快配置，但尚未配置。

状态unpacked为时，表示尚未安装该软件包，因此由于libgcc1尚未安装依赖项，因此无法安装该软件包，并且以前也无法安装multiarch-support。

我们必须强制multiarch-support的安装状态来解决问题。

nano /var/lib/dpkg/status

找到以以下内容开头的行Package: ：

Package: multiarch-support
Status: install ok unpacked

您必须将更unpacked改为installed

现在尝试：

sudo dpkg --configure --pending
sudo apt-get install --reinstall multiarch-support libgcc1 debconf

我认为您可以通过这种方式使系统重新运行，请告诉我您是否可以这样做。

我相信您的/var/lib/dpkg目录及其内容搞砸了。主要是因为这条线，我认为您的包管理是无法恢复的。

multiarch-support is unpacked, but has never been configured.

另外，

apt-extracttemplates failed: No such file or directory

意味着/usr/bin/apt-extracttemplates在您的系统上不可用，这确实与众不同。

这本身并不会中断；造成数据损坏或用户错误（例如rm -rf files-you-should-never-delete）的原因。我最好的选择是备份数据（例如/home），然后从全新安装开始。

问题可能是您尚未debconf安装。要安装它或检查它是否已安装，请键入sudo apt-get install debconf一个终端。您可以CTRL-ALT-T同时按下以启动终端。

debconf如果未安装，则会安装此软件；如果已安装但已过期，则会进行升级；如果是最新的，则不执行任何操作。

我遇到了同样的问题，因为我已经删除了/ var / lib / dpkg / available，但是现在在执行这些步骤后，我可以正常地恢复

sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/available-old /var/lib/dpkg/available

sudo dpkg --configure -a

来源：https：//answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/70504