如何安装Lubuntu桌面环境并且仅安装桌面环境？

我想使用Lubuntu桌面环境的计算机速度较慢。但是，我不想安装任何与桌面环境无关的软件。我说的是像Abiword和Lubuntu软件中心这样的程序。如何仅安装桌面环境和桌面环境？

另外，如果有人可以为我指明正确的研究方向，那么当我使用多个桌面环境时，我注意到无论我登录哪个桌面环境，都存在一个桌面环境的某些元素（例如，滚动条，配色方案，程序主题） 。有解决办法吗？

您也可以使用

sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop 

它将在没有所有推荐应用程序的情况下安装Lubuntu桌面，尽管依赖这些应用程序的内容将无法正常工作。

我认为一种更好的方法是使用以下方法进行安装lubuntu-desktop：

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-desktop  

然后使用Lubuntu软件中心删除您不打算使用的应用程序。然后lubuntu-software-center，您可以使用以下方法删除：

sudo apt-get remove lubuntu-software-center

这种方法与Ringtail的唯一区别在于，安装lxde将为您提供通用的LXDE桌面，而安装lubuntu-desktop将为您提供更多Ubuntu特定的LXDE，例如自定义墙纸。

我最近通过从最新的备用磁盘http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/precise/daily/current/安装了Lubuntu ，将其安装到命令行作为最小安装。

然后我安装了lubuntu-core

sudo apt-get install lubuntu-core

然后，它没有安装任何额外的软件。最初，我尝试使用--no-install-recommends，但这使它显得过于裸露，似乎缺少依赖项。完成此操作后，我安装了lxappearance和obconf以使我可以轻松更改主题

sudo apt-get install lxappearance obconf

我安装了firefox，但没有安装任何推荐的软件，因为这些插件适用于Gnome。

sudo apt-get install firefox --no-install-recommends

安装以下组件后，我的xsession-errors文件中出现了一些错误，这些错误已清除

sudo apt-get install gtk2-engines-pixbuf

在通过最小安装https：//：//help.ubuntu.com/community/Lubuntu/Documentation/MinimalInstall#Unmanaged_Wired_Network安装lubuntu-core之后，网络管理器需要进行设置。nm -system-settings.conf现在称为NetworkManager.conf，其名称为写在下面

更改网络管理器设置 启动LXTerminal会话，然后发出：

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

在[ifupdown]部分中，找到Managed = false行，并将其替换为managed = true。保存并退出。返回LXTerminal并发出：

sudo service network-manager restart

片刻之后，您应该在网络管理器小程序托盘图标上方看到“已建立连接”消息。

有点喜欢香草冰淇淋蛋筒，但我不要

话虽如此。Lubuntu-Desktop将带来很多依赖性。

有关应用程序列表

如何获得鲁本图

如何安装 Lubuntu

如果是我，我会打开一个终端，然后

sudo apt-get install lxde

这为您提供了轻巧的发行版而没有其他功能。

参见LXDE Wiki

进行最小的Ubuntu + LXDE安装

sudo apt-get install lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lubuntu-default-settings lxappearance lxterminal

在终端中插入该行之后，您就可以安装准系统Lubuntu环境（不是普通的LXDE），但是除了台式机之外，没有其他软件包。

我建议您在知道硬件可以正常运行的情况下，在Ubuntu最小安装中运行该命令（注意：软件包lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter已经安装在常规Ubuntu安装中，但不是最小安装）。然后，您可以安装软件和程序。如果安装后Lubuntu环境没有启动，请尝试sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg。

TL; DR：正确的最小安装调用为：

sudo apt-get install lxde xorg lxdm --no-install-recommends

只有通过此打算，sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends lubuntu-desktop 也不要工作。

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  abiword abiword-common acl adwaita-icon-theme adwaita-icon-theme-full alsa-base alsa-utils alsamixergui anacron app-install-data apport apport-gtk aptdaemon aptdaemon-data aspell aspell-en audacious audacious-plugins audacious-plugins-data blueman bluez bluez-obexd
  dbus-x11 dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service desktop-file-utils dmz-cursor-theme dnsmasq-base esound-common evince evince-common evolution-data-server-common fcitx fcitx-bin fcitx-config-common fcitx-config-gtk2 fcitx-data fcitx-frontend-gtk2 fcitx-module-dbus
  fcitx-module-x11 fcitx-modules fcitx-ui-classic ffmpegthumbnailer file-roller firefox fonts-freefont-ttf fonts-nanum fonts-noto-cjk foomatic-db-compressed-ppds galculator gconf-service gconf-service-backend gconf2 gconf2-common gcr gdebi gdebi-core genisoimage
  ghostscript ghostscript-x giblib1 gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 gir1.2-atk-1.0 gir1.2-dbusmenu-glib-0.4 gir1.2-dee-1.0 gir1.2-freedesktop gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 gir1.2-gnomekeyring-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-notify-0.7
  gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 gir1.2-pango-1.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 gir1.2-udisks-2.0 gir1.2-unity-5.0 gir1.2-vte-2.91 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 gir1.2-wnck-3.0 gksu glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnome-disk-utility gnome-icon-theme
  gnome-icon-theme-symbolic gnome-keyring gnome-mplayer gnome-system-tools gnumeric gnumeric-common gnupg-agent gnupg2 gpicview gsettings-desktop-schemas gsettings-ubuntu-schemas gsfonts gstreamer1.0-nice gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gtk2-engines
  gtk2-engines-murrine gtk2-engines-pixbuf gtk3-engines-unico gucharmap guvcview gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs hardinfo hicolor-icon-theme humanity-icon-theme im-config indicator-application indicator-application-gtk2 indicator-sound
  indicator-sound-gtk2 inputattach language-selector-gnome leafpad liba52-0.7.4 libaa1 libabiword-3.0 libappindicator1 libappindicator3-1 libasound2 libasound2-data libasound2-plugins libaspell15 libass5 libassuan0 libasyncns0 libatasmart4 libatk-bridge2.0-0
  libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libatkmm-1.6-1v5 libatspi2.0-0 libaudcore3 libaudgui3 libaudio2 libaudiofile1 libaudtag2 libavahi-glib1 libavc1394-0 libavcodec-ffmpeg56 libavformat-ffmpeg56 libavutil-ffmpeg54 libbinio1v5 libbluetooth3 libbluray1 libbs2b0 libburn4 libcaca0
  libcairo-gobject2 libcairo-perl libcairo2 libcairomm-1.0-1v5 libcamel-1.2-54 libcanberra-gtk3-0 libcanberra0 libcddb2 libcdio-cdda1 libcdio-paranoia1 libcdio13 libcdparanoia0 libchamplain-0.12-0 libchamplain-gtk-0.12-0 libclutter-1.0-0 libclutter-gtk-1.0-0
  libcogl-pango20 libcogl-path20 libcogl20 libcolord2 libcompfaceg1 libcrack2 libcroco3 libcrystalhd3 libcue1 libcupsfilters1 libcupsimage2 libdatrie1 libdbusmenu-glib4 libdbusmenu-gtk3-4 libdbusmenu-gtk4 libdca0 libdconf1 libdee-1.0-4 libdirectfb-1.2-9 libdiscid0
  libdjvulibre-text libdjvulibre21 libdv4 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libebackend-1.2-10 libebook-1.2-16 libebook-contacts-1.2-2 libedata-book-1.2-25 libedataserver-1.2-21 libenca0 libenchant1c2a libencode-locale-perl libept1.5.0 libesd0 libevdocument3-4 libevview3-3
  libexif12 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libexo-helpers libfaad2 libfarstream-0.2-5 libfcitx-config4 libfcitx-core0 libfcitx-gclient0 libfcitx-utils0 libffmpegthumbnailer4v5 libfftw3-double3 libfftw3-single3 libfile-listing-perl libflac8 libfltk1.1 libfluidsynth1
  libfm-data libfm-extra4 libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk4 libfm-modules libfm4 libgck-1-0 libgconf-2-4 libgcr-3-common libgcr-base-3-1 libgcr-ui-3-1 libgd3 libgda-5.0-4 libgda-5.0-common libgdata-common libgdata22 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgee-0.8-2
  libgettextpo0 libgif7 libgksu2-0 libglib-perl libglib2.0-bin libglibmm-2.4-1v5 libgme0 libgmlib1 libgmtk1 libgmtk1-data libgnome-keyring-common libgnome-keyring0 libgoa-1.0-0b libgoa-1.0-common libgoffice-0.10-10 libgoffice-0.10-10-common libgpgme11 libgphoto2-6
  libgphoto2-port12 libgpm2 libgpod4 libgs9 libgs9-common libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgsl2 libgsm1 libgssdp-1.0-3 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0 libgstreamer1.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libgtk2-perl libgtk2.0-0
  libgtk2.0-common libgtkmm-3.0-1v5 libgtksourceview-3.0-1 libgtksourceview-3.0-common libgtkspell0 libgtop-2.0-10 libgtop2-common libgucharmap-2-90-7 libguess1 libgupnp-1.0-4 libgupnp-igd-1.0-4 libgusb2 libguvcview-1.1-1 libgxps2 libharfbuzz-icu0 libhtml-parser-perl
  libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libhunspell-1.3-0 libhyphen0 libical1a libid3tag0 libido-0.1-0 libido3-0.1-0 libiec61883-0 libieee1284-3 libijs-0.35 libimlib2 libimobiledevice6
  libindicator3-7 libindicator7 libio-html-perl libio-socket-ssl-perl libisofs6 libiw30 libjack-jackd2-0 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libjbig0 libjbig2dec0 libjson-glib-1.0-0 libjson-glib-1.0-common libjte1 libkeybinder0 libkpathsea6 libksba8 liblcms2-2
  liblightdm-gobject-1-0 liblircclient0 libloudmouth1-0 libltdl7 liblwp-mediatypes-perl liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmad0 libmbim-glib4 libmbim-proxy libmeanwhile1 libmenu-cache-bin libmenu-cache3 libmessaging-menu0 libmhash2 libminiupnpc10 libmm-glib0 libmms0
  libmodplug1 libmp3lame0 libmpeg2-4 libmpg123-0 libmtp-common libmtp-runtime libmtp9 libmusicbrainz3-6v5 libnatpmp1 libnautilus-extension1a libndp0 libneon27-gnutls libnet-dbus-perl libnet-http-perl libnet-ssleay-perl libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnice10 libnm0
  libnma-common libnma0 libnotify4 libnpth0 libnspr4 libnss3 libnss3-nssdb liboauth0 libobrender32 libobt2 libogg0 libonig2 liboobs-1-5 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenjpeg5 libopts25 libopus0 liborc-0.4-0 libots0 libpackagekit-glib2-16 libpango-1.0-0 libpango-perl
  libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpangomm-1.4-1v5 libpangoxft-1.0-0 libpaper1 libpcsclite1 libpisock9 libplist3 libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0 libpoppler-glib8 libpoppler58 libportaudio2 libpostproc-ffmpeg53 libpresage-data libpresage1v5
  libpulse-mainloop-glib0 libpulse0 libpulsedsp libpurple0 libpwquality-common libpwquality1 libpython3.5 libqmi-glib5 libqmi-proxy libraptor2-0 librasqal3 libraw1394-11 librdf0 librest-0.7-0 librevenge-0.0-0 librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common libsamplerate0 libsane
  libsane-common libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsdl1.2debian libsdl2-2.0-0 libsecret-1-0 libsecret-common libshine3 libshout3 libsidplayfp4 libsigc++-2.0-0v5 libsnappy1v5 libsndfile1 libsndio6.1 libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1 libsoxr0 libspectre1 libspeex1 libspeexdsp1
  libssh-gcrypt-4 libstartup-notification0 libswresample-ffmpeg1 libswscale-ffmpeg3 libtag1v5 libtag1v5-vanilla libtelepathy-glib0 libthai-data libthai0 libtheora0 libtidy-0.99-0 libtiff5 libtimedate-perl libtinyxml2.6.2v5 libtwolame0 libudisks2-0 libuniconf4.6
  libunistring0 libunity-protocol-private0 libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop libunity9 libupower-glib3 liburi-perl liburl-dispatcher1 libusbmuxd4 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libva1 libvdpau1 libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libvorbisidec1 libvpx3
  libvte-2.91-0 libvte-2.91-common libvte-common libvte9 libwavpack1 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 libwebp5 libwebpdemux1 libwebrtc-audio-processing-0 libwhoopsie0 libwmf0.2-7 libwnck-3-0 libwnck-3-common libwnck-common libwnck22 libwpd-0.10-10 libwpg-0.3-3 libwps-0.4-4
  libwv-1.2-4 libwvstreams4.6-base libwvstreams4.6-extras libwww-perl libwww-robotrules-perl libx264-148 libx265-79 libxapian22v5 libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4ui-common libxfce4util-common libxfce4util7 libxfconf-0-2 libxklavier16 libxml-parser-perl libxml-twig-perl libxres1
  libxslt1.1 libxvidcore4 libyajl2 libzephyr4 libzvbi-common libzvbi0 light-locker light-locker-settings lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings linux-sound-base lubuntu-artwork lubuntu-artwork-16-04 lubuntu-core lubuntu-default-session
  lubuntu-default-settings lubuntu-desktop lubuntu-icon-theme lubuntu-lxpanel-icons lubuntu-software-center lxappearance lxappearance-obconf lxinput lxlauncher lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-data lxpanel-indicator-applet-plugin lxrandr lxsession lxsession-data
  lxsession-default-apps lxsession-logout lxshortcut lxtask lxterminal memtest86+ mobile-broadband-provider-info modemmanager mplayer mplayer2 mtools mtpaint network-manager network-manager-gnome notification-daemon ntp obconf openbox openprinting-ppds p11-kit
  p11-kit-modules pavucontrol pcmanfm pidgin pidgin-data pinentry-gnome3 pinentry-gtk2 plymouth-label plymouth-theme-lubuntu-logo plymouth-theme-lubuntu-text pm-utils policykit-1 policykit-1-gnome policykit-desktop-privileges poppler-data ppp printer-driver-pnm2ppa
  pulseaudio pulseaudio-utils python-apt python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets python-chardet python-dbus python-debian python-defer python-gi python-pkg-resources python-psutil python-pysqlite2 python-six python-xdg python3-apport python3-aptdaemon
  python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets python3-aptdaemon.pkcompat python3-cairo python3-cups python3-cupshelpers python3-debian python3-defer python3-gi-cairo python3-lxml python3-problem-report python3-pycurl python3-software-properties python3-xkit rfkill scrot simple-scan
  software-properties-common software-properties-gtk sound-theme-freedesktop sylpheed sylpheed-doc sylpheed-i18n sylpheed-plugins synaptic syslinux syslinux-common syslinux-legacy system-config-printer-common system-config-printer-gnome system-tools-backends
  transmission transmission-common transmission-gtk ttf-ubuntu-font-family ubuntu-drivers-common ubuntu-mono ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk udisks2 unzip update-manager update-notifier update-notifier-common upower usb-creator-common usb-creator-gtk usb-modeswitch
  usb-modeswitch-data whoopsie wireless-tools wpasupplicant wvdial x11-session-utils x11-xserver-utils xbacklight xdg-user-dirs-gtk xdg-utils xfburn xfce4-notifyd xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfce4-power-manager-plugins xfconf xinput xorg xorg-docs-core
  xpad xul-ext-ubufox zip

那里有一大堆我不需要的垃圾。

sudo apt-get install lxde --no-install-recommends 似乎实际上安装了一套更为合理的软件包。

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  adwaita-icon-theme dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service desktop-file-utils galculator glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gpicview gsettings-desktop-schemas hicolor-icon-theme humanity-icon-theme leafpad libasound2 libasound2-data
  libatk-bridge2.0-0 libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libatspi2.0-0 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcolord2 libcroco3 libdatrie1 libdconf1 libexif12 libfm-data libfm-extra4 libfm-gtk-data libfm-gtk4 libfm-modules libfm4 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgif7
  libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-common libid3tag0 libimlib2 libiw30 libjbig0 libjson-glib-1.0-0 libjson-glib-1.0-common libkeybinder0 liblcms2-2 libmenu-cache-bin libmenu-cache3 libobrender32 libobt2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0
  libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpangoxft-1.0-0 libpolkit-agent-1-0 librest-0.7-0 librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1 libstartup-notification0 libthai-data libthai0 libtiff5 libvte-common libvte9 libwnck-common libwnck22 libxres1 lxappearance
  lxappearance-obconf lxde lxde-common lxde-core lxde-icon-theme lxinput lxmenu-data lxpanel lxpanel-data lxrandr lxsession lxsession-data lxsession-edit lxterminal openbox pcmanfm ubuntu-mono x11-xserver-utils xarchiver

此外，您将需要安装xorg：

sudo apt-get install xorg

然后，您就startx离开了GUI。

还是有克鲁夫特在那里（怎么galculator一个需要依赖？），但至少它不喷没用的应用遍及一切。

此外，这不会安装声音，因为所使用的上下文根本没有声卡。* nix领域中几乎所有与ui相关的东西似乎都依赖于pulseaudio和cup的事实是我的烦恼，而且显然lxde至少解决了这个问题。

您还可以安装lxdm，它会为您提供图形化的登录提示，并自动启动lxde。

lxdm 确实以某种方式认为我使用的是debian 8，而不是ubuntu 16.04，但是它可以工作，并且我不在乎背景图形是否错误。