该答案的优点是无需安装第三方应用程序即可使用本机Ubuntu Bash。未使用apt或dpkg可以更改此bash脚本以适合其需求的自定义内核的用户。该答案基于（如何一次有选择地清除所有旧内核）。
基于Zenity的解决方案
Zenity为终端提供了一个不错的GUI界面，可以处理列表并使用单选按钮选择项目：
如标题所示，启动时使用的当前内核无法删除，也不包含在列表中。报告的大小是将保存在/boot目录中的大小。由于内核二进制文件也位于其他区域，因此可以节省更多磁盘空间。2017年7月27日注意：目录/usr/src/*kernel_version*和/lib/modules/*kernel_version*现在也包括在内。
该修改日期是使用发现stat命令。在我的系统上，每次使用此方法启动内核时，都会“触及”日期（如何查找特定内核版本的最新启动时间？）cron reboot脚本。但是，该日期在您的系统上将是内核发行日期，而不是您上次启动它的日期。
apt-get purge 给你机会中止
您将获得最后的机会来查看将清除的所有内容，并查看将要恢复的总磁盘空间（有些误导）：
The following packages will be REMOVED:
linux-headers-4.7.1-040701* linux-headers-4.7.1-040701-generic*
linux-headers-4.7.2-040702* linux-headers-4.7.2-040702-generic*
linux-headers-4.7.3-040703* linux-headers-4.7.3-040703-generic*
linux-headers-4.8.1-040801* linux-headers-4.8.1-040801-generic*
linux-headers-4.8.10-040810* linux-headers-4.8.10-040810-generic*
linux-headers-4.8.11-040811* linux-headers-4.8.11-040811-generic*
linux-headers-4.8.4-040804* linux-headers-4.8.4-040804-generic*
linux-headers-4.8.5-040805* linux-headers-4.8.5-040805-generic*
linux-image-4.7.1-040701-generic* linux-image-4.7.2-040702-generic*
linux-image-4.7.3-040703-generic* linux-image-4.8.1-040801-generic*
linux-image-4.8.10-040810-generic* linux-image-4.8.11-040811-generic*
linux-image-4.8.4-040804-generic* linux-image-4.8.5-040805-generic*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 24 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
After this operation, 2,330 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
编码
将此代码复制到名为的可执行文件rm-kernels中/usr/local/bin：
#!/bin/bash
# NAME: rm-kernels
# PATH: /usr/local/bin
# DESC: Provide zenity item list of kernels to remove
# DATE: Mar 10, 2017. Modified Jul 28, 2017.
# NOTE: Will not delete current kernel.
# With 10 kernels on an SSD, empty cache from sudo prompt (#) using:
# # free && sync && echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches && free
# First time for `du` 34 seconds.
# Second time for `du` 1 second.
# PARM: If any parm 1 passed use REAL kernel size, else use estimated size.
# By default `du` is not used and estimated size is displayed.
# Must be running as sudo
if [[ $(id -u) != 0 ]]; then
zenity --error --text "root access required. Use: sudo rm-kernels"
exit 99
fi
OLDIFS="$IFS"
IFS="|"
choices=()
current_version=$(uname -r)
for f in /boot/vmlinuz*
do
if [[ $f == *"$current_version"* ]]; then continue; fi # skip current version
[[ $f =~ vmlinuz-(.*) ]]
v=${BASH_REMATCH[1]} # example: 4.9.21-040921-generic
v_main="${v%-*}" # example: 4.9.21-040921
# Kernel size in /boot/*4.9.21-040921-generic*
s=$(du -ch /boot/*-$v* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
if [[ $# -ne 0 ]] ; then # Was a parameter passed?
if [[ -d "/usr/src/linux-headers-"$v_main ]] ; then
# Kernel headers size in /usr/src/*4.9.21-040921*
s2=$(du -ch --max-depth=1 /usr/src/*-$v_main* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
else
s2="0M" # Linux Headers are not installed
fi
# Kernel image size in /lib/modules/4.9.21-040921-generic*
s3=$(du -ch --max-depth=1 /lib/modules/$v* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
else
# Estimate sizof of optional headers at 125MB and size of image at 220MB
if [[ -d "/usr/src/linux-headers-"$v_main ]] ; then
s2="125M"
else
s2="0M" # Linux Headers are not installed
fi
s3="220M"
fi
# Strip out "M" provided by human readable option of du and add 3 sizes together
s=$(( ${s//[^0-9]*} + ${s2//[^0-9]*} + ${s3//[^0-9]*} ))
t=$(( t + s ))
s=$s" MB"
d=$(date --date $(stat -c %y $f) '+%b %d %Y') # Last modified date for display
choices=("${choices[@]}" false "$v" "$d" "$s")
done
# adjust width & height below for your screen 640x480 default for 1920x1080 HD screen
# also adjust font="14" below if blue text is too small or too large
choices=(`zenity \
--title "rm-kernels - Total: $t MB excluding: $current_version" \
--list \
--separator="$IFS" \
--checklist --multiple \
--text '<span foreground="blue" font="14">Check box next to kernel(s) to remove</span>' \
--width=640 \
--height=480 \
--column "Select" \
--column "Kernel Version Number" \
--column "Modified Date" \
--column " Size " \
"${choices[@]}"`)
IFS="$OLDIFS"
i=0
list=""
for choice in "${choices[@]}" ; do
if [ "$i" -gt 0 ]; then list="$list- "; fi # append "-" from last loop
((i++))
short_choice=$(echo $choice | cut -f1-2 -d"-")
header_count=$(find /usr/src/linux-headers-$short_choice* -maxdepth 0 -type d | wc -l)
# If -lowlatency and -generic are purged at same time the _all header directory
# remains on disk for specific version with no -generic or -lowlatency below.
if [[ $header_count -lt 3 ]]; then
# Remove all w.x.y-zzz headers
list="$list""linux-image-$choice- linux-headers-$short_choice"
else
# Remove w.x.y-zzz-flavour header only, ie -generic or -lowlatency
list="$list""linux-image-$choice- linux-headers-$choice"
fi
done
if [ "$i" -gt 0 ] ; then
apt-get purge $list
fi
注意：您需要sudo权限才能创建文件，因此请使用：
gksu gedit /usr/local/bin/rm-kernels
使文件可执行使用：
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/rm-kernels
服务器版本
rm-kernels-server是用于一次选择性删除所有内核的服务器版本。基于GUI的对话框代替了GUI（图形）对话框，而是用于选择要清除的内核。
对话框位于默认的Ubuntu桌面安装中，而不位于Ubuntu Server中。
样本画面
rm-kernels-server bash代码
#!/bin/bash
# NAME: rm-kernels-server
# PATH: /usr/local/bin
# DESC: Provide dialog checklist of kernels to remove
# Non-GUI, text based interface for server distro's.
# DATE: Mar 10, 2017. Modified Jul 28, 2017.
# NOTE: Will not delete current kernel.
# With 10 kernels on an SSD, empty cache from sudo prompt (#) using:
# # free && sync && echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches && free
# First time for `du` 34 seconds.
# Second time for `du` 1 second.
# PARM: If any parm 1 passed use REAL kernel size, else use estimated size.
# By default `du` is not used and estimated size is displayed.
# Must be running as sudo
if [[ $(id -u) != 0 ]]; then
echo "root access required. Use: sudo rm-kernels-server"
exit 99
fi
# Must have the dialog package. On Servers, not installed by default
command -v dialog >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo >&2 "dialog package required but it is not installed. Aborting."; exit 99; }
OLDIFS="$IFS"
IFS="|"
item_list=() # Deviate from rm-kernels here.
current_version=$(uname -r)
i=0
for f in /boot/vmlinuz*
do
if [[ $f == *"$current_version"* ]]; then continue; fi # skip current version
[[ $f =~ vmlinuz-(.*) ]]
((i++)) # Item List
v=${BASH_REMATCH[1]} # example: 4.9.21-040921-generic
v_main="${v%-*}" # example: 4.9.21-040921
# Kernel size in /boot/*4.9.21-040921-generic*
s=$(du -ch /boot/*-$v* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
if [[ $# -ne 0 ]] ; then # Was a parameter passed?
if [[ -d "/usr/src/linux-headers-"$v_main ]] ; then
# Kernel headers size in /usr/src/*4.9.21-040921*
s2=$(du -ch --max-depth=1 /usr/src/*-$v_main* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
else
s2="0M" # Linux Headers are not installed
fi
# Kernel image size in /lib/modules/4.9.21-040921-generic*
s3=$(du -ch --max-depth=1 /lib/modules/$v* | awk '/total/{print $1}')
else
# Estimate sizof of optional headers at 125MB and size of image at 220MB
if [[ -d "/usr/src/linux-headers-"$v_main ]] ; then
s2="125M"
else
s2="0M" # Linux Headers are not installed
fi
s3="220M"
fi
# Strip out "M" provided by human readable option of du and add 3 sizes together
s=$(( ${s//[^0-9]*} + ${s2//[^0-9]*} + ${s3//[^0-9]*} ))
t=$(( t + s ))
s=$s" MB"
d=$(date --date $(stat -c %y $f) '+%b %d %Y') # Last modified date for display
item_list=("${item_list[@]}" "$i" "$v ! $d ! $s" off)
done
cmd=(dialog --backtitle "rm-kernels-server - Total: $t MB excluding: $current_version" \
--title "Use space bar to toggle kernel(s) to remove" \
--column-separator "!" \
--separate-output \
--ascii-lines \
--checklist " Kernel Version --------- Modified Date Size" 20 60 15)
selections=$("${cmd[@]}" "${item_list[@]}" 2>&1 >/dev/tty)
IFS=$OLDIFS
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
echo cancel selected
exit 1
fi
i=0
choices=()
for select in $selections ; do
((i++))
j=$(( 1 + ($select - 1) * 3 ))
choices[i]=$(echo ${item_list[j]} | cut -f1 -d"!")
done
i=0
list=""
for choice in "${choices[@]}" ; do
if [ "$i" -gt 0 ]; then list="$list- "; fi # append "-" from last loop
((i++))
short_choice=$(echo $choice | cut -f1-2 -d"-")
header_count=$(find /usr/src/linux-headers-$short_choice* -maxdepth 0 -type d | wc -l)
# If -lowlatency and -generic are purged at same time the _all header directory
# remains on disk for specific version with no -generic or -lowlatency below.
if [[ $header_count -lt 3 ]]; then
# Remove all w.x.y-zzz headers
list="$list""linux-image-$choice- linux-headers-$short_choice"
else
# Remove w.x.y-zzz-flavour header only, ie -generic or -lowlatency
list="$list""linux-image-$choice- linux-headers-$choice"
fi
done
if [ "$i" -gt 0 ] ; then
apt-get purge $list
fi
注意：在对dialog指令的调用中，将绘图框的--ascii-lines线条绘制扩展字符集（ssh不喜欢）替换为“ + ----- +”。如果您不喜欢这种外观，则可以使用--no-lines完全不带框的指令。
2017年7月28日更新
从每个内核的计算大小中提取了/boot/*kernel_version*5个文件，总计约50 MB。公式已更改为在/usr/src/*kernel_version*和中包含文件/lib/modules/*kernel_version*。现在，每个内核的计算大小约为400 MB。上面的代码rm-kernels和rm-kernels-server已被更新。但是，上面的示例屏幕尚未反映这些更改。
缺省值是估计linux-header的文件大小为125 MB，linux-image的文件大小为220 MB，因为du除非文件在高速缓存中，否则可能会很慢。要使用来获取实际大小du，请向脚本传递任何参数。
现在，标题栏中将显示所有内核大小的总和（不包括当前无法删除的当前运行版本）。
该对话框用于显示每个内核的“ 上次访问日期”。在备份或类似操作期间，此日期可能会被所有内核大量覆盖。现在，对话框将显示修改日期。
单击包清洁程序，然后清洁内核。它不会显示当前使用的内核，因此您将永远安全。