我是Ubuntu的新手。我正在运行13.10桌面。
我想设置一些系统范围的别名和bash的自定义提示。我发现这篇文章：
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnvironmentVariables
按照本文的建议，我创建了/etc/profiles.d/profile_local.sh。它由root拥有，并且与那里的其他脚本一样具有644的权限：
root@ubuntu:/etc/profile.d# ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Mar 23 08:56 .
drwxr-xr-x 135 root root 12288 Mar 23 09:15 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 660 Oct 23 2012 bash_completion.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3317 Mar 23 07:36 profile_local.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1947 Nov 23 00:57 vte.sh我进一步确认了/ etc / profile调用/etc/profile.d。它包含以下代码块：
if [ -d /etc/profile.d ]; then
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do
if [ -r $i ]; then
. $i
fi
done
unset i
fi登录后，似乎没有获得我创建的自定义脚本profile_local.sh的来源。但是，如果登录后我“获取/etc.profile.d/profile_local.sh”，则得到预期的行为，自定义别名和自定义提示。
我究竟做错了什么？
脚本“ profile_local.sh”的内容：
# 3/23/14 - Copied from Gentoo /etc/bash/bashrc
# Placed in /etc/profile.d as described at:
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EnvironmentVariables
# This file is sourced by all *interactive* bash shells on startup,
# including some apparently interactive shells such as scp and rcp
# that can't tolerate any output. So make sure this doesn't display
# anything or bad things will happen !
# Test for an interactive shell. There is no need to set anything
# past this point for scp and rcp, and it's important to refrain from
# outputting anything in those cases.
if [[ $- != *i* ]] ; then
# Shell is non-interactive. Be done now!
return
fi
# Bash won't get SIGWINCH if another process is in the foreground.
# Enable checkwinsize so that bash will check the terminal size when
# it regains control. #65623
# http://cnswww.cns.cwru.edu/~chet/bash/FAQ (E11)
shopt -s checkwinsize
# Enable history appending instead of overwriting. #139609
shopt -s histappend
# Change the window title of X terminals
case ${TERM} in
xterm*|rxvt*|Eterm|aterm|kterm|gnome*|interix)
PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033]0;${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}\007"'
;;
screen)
PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}\033\\"'
;;
esac
use_color=false
# Set colorful PS1 only on colorful terminals.
# dircolors --print-database uses its own built-in database
# instead of using /etc/DIR_COLORS. Try to use the external file
# first to take advantage of user additions. Use internal bash
# globbing instead of external grep binary.
safe_term=${TERM//[^[:alnum:]]/?} # sanitize TERM
match_lhs=""
[[ -f ~/.dir_colors ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(<~/.dir_colors)"
[[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] && match_lhs="${match_lhs}$(</etc/DIR_COLORS)"
[[ -z ${match_lhs} ]] \
&& type -P dircolors >/dev/null \
&& match_lhs=$(dircolors --print-database)
[[ $'\n'${match_lhs} == *$'\n'"TERM "${safe_term}* ]] && use_color=true
if ${use_color} ; then
# Enable colors for ls, etc. Prefer ~/.dir_colors #64489
if type -P dircolors >/dev/null ; then
if [[ -f ~/.dir_colors ]] ; then
eval $(dircolors -b ~/.dir_colors)
elif [[ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ]] ; then
eval $(dircolors -b /etc/DIR_COLORS)
fi
fi
if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
PS1='\[\033[01;31m\]\h\[\033[01;34m\] \W \$\[\033[00m\] '
else
PS1='\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[01;34m\] \w \$\[\033[00m\] '
fi
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias grep='grep --colour=auto'
else
if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]] ; then
# show root@ when we don't have colors
PS1='\u@\h \W \$ '
else
PS1='\u@\h \w \$ '
fi
fi
# Try to keep environment pollution down, EPA loves us.
unset use_color safe_term match_lhs
TZ="PST8PDT"
alias ll='ls -la'
alias dig='dig +search'
alias dir='ls -ba'
alias edit="ee"
alias ss="ps -aux"
alias dot='ls .[a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
alias news="xterm -g 80x45 -e trn -e -S1 -N &"
alias more="less"
alias c="clear"
alias m="more"
alias j="jobs"
# common misspellings
alias mroe=more
alias pdw=pwd
1
不，它不是可执行文件，其他两个脚本也不是。但是我改变了它，然后再试一次。仍然没有运气。
—
Drew
这与添加
—
terdon
.sh无关，无关紧要，无论如何，其中的文件profile.d都是源文件，不会执行，这稍有不同，并且不需要文件可执行。这里的问题profile是非登录脚本不会读取＆co。
提请读我的答案。非登录外壳会忽略配置文件，但是Ubuntu的默认GUI登录将读取其中的一些。只需使用
—
terdon
.bashrc，您所有的问题都将消失。还有一个优先级问题，如果随后读取的文件之一也设置了PS1，则先前的值将被丢弃。无论如何，认真地，不要触摸文件管理器中的文件管理器，不要/etc与主目录中的文件管理器玩耍，并且.bashrc不要使用个人资料。
请不要使用
—
terdon
/etc/profile.d那是一个非常糟糕的主意，并且会影响系统的所有用户。只是包括命令，从profile_local.sh你的~/.profile或者干脆加入这一行到你的源脚本~/.profile：. /path/to/profile_local.sh。（.意味着source，它将读取您提供的文件并运行在那里找到的命令）。