/ dev / sda1：发现已损坏的孤立链接列表中的inode

突然，硬盘驱动器变为只读状态时，我通常使用Ubuntu 2015.04（带有ecryptfs加密的用户主目录）笔记本电脑。

我重新启动，现在卡在此了：

[    0.703206] ACPI PCC probe failed.
starting version 219
error: /dev/sdb: No medium found
error: /dev/sdb: No medium found
Welcome to emergency mode! After logging in, type "journalctl -xb" to view
system logs, "systemctl reboot" to reboot, "systemctl default or ^D to
try again to boot into default mode.
root@nico:~#

系统日志中有趣的部分：

-- Unit systemd-fsckd.service has begun starting up.
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors, check forced.
kernel: ACPI warning: \_SB_.PCIO.PEG_.VID_._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20141107/nsarguments-95)
kernel: ACPI warning: \_SB_.PCIO.PEG_.VID_._DSM: Argument #4 type mismatch - Found [Buffer], ACPI requires [Package] (20141107/nsarguments-95)
kernel: thinkpad_acpi: EC reports that Thermal Table has changed
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1: Inodes that were part of a corrupted orphan linked list found.
system-fsck[475]: /dev/sda1: UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.
system-fsck[475]: (i.e., without -a or -p options)
system-fsck[475]: fsck failed with error code 4.
system-fsck[475]: Running request emergency.target/start/replace
systemd[1]: system-fsck-root.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
systemd[1]: Failed to start File System Check on Root Device
-- Subject: Unit system-fsck-root.service has failed

我不确定这是ACPI还是磁盘问题。我曾尝试将我的Lenovo Thinkpad T520更新到最新的BIOS，但它不能更好地启动。

如何解决此问题，或者如果磁盘快要死了，如何至少将数据从加密的主目录导出到外部驱动器？

1. 在提示符下，键入fsck /dev/sda<number>并按Enter（<number>根据包含文件系统错误的目录从日志中查找）
2. 输入y所有错误以修复它们
3. exit

在终端

sudo -i （如果不是root用户，请跳过此步骤）

fdisk -l

寻找您的根驱动器。

我在树莓派中使用Kali Linux，所以我的外观看起来像是... mmcblk0p2而不是sdb1...看您的。

`umount /dev/mmcblk0p2`

fsck -y /dev/mmcblk0p2

poweroff

我有同样的问题。我已经使用Win32DiskImager从正常运行的Raspbian SD卡创建了一个图像文件。当我运行pishrink时，该工具给了我“孤立的inode列表”错误。因此，我遵循了Rocky Inde的建议并执行了fsck。它遇到并修复了一些错误，所以我再次运行了pishrink，它起作用了！感谢Rock Inde。

如果您到此为止并且仍然对如何执行感到困惑，我已经创建了一个脚本，部分基于pishrink，以修复这些“孤立的inode”。您可以在以下位置查看脚本源

https://github.com/gmenezesg/fix_orphaned_inode_list

用法：

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gmenezesg/fix_orphaned_inode_list/master/fix_orphaned_inode_list.sh

sudo chmod +x fix_orphaned_inode_list.sh

sudo ./fix_orphaned_inode_list.sh [imagefile.img]

脚本：

#!/bin/bash

function cleanup() {
  if losetup $loopback &>/dev/null; then
        if [ "$verbose_mode" = true ]; then
        echo "### Running cleanup ###"
        fi
        losetup -d "$loopback"
  fi
}

verbose_mode=false

while getopts ":v" opt; do
  case "${opt}" in
    v) verbose_mode=true ;;
    *) usage ;;
  esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))

usage() { echo "Usage: $0 [-v] imagefile.img"; exit -1; }

if [ "$verbose_mode" = true ]; then
echo "### Mapping arguments ###"
fi

img="$1"

if [ "$verbose_mode" = true ]; then
echo "### Usage checks ###"
fi

if [[ -z "$img" ]]; then
  usage
fi
if [[ ! -f "$img" ]]; then
  echo "ERROR: $img is not a file..."
  exit -2
fi
if (( EUID != 0 )); then
  echo "ERROR: You need to be running as root."
  exit -3
fi

echo "#Check that what we need is installed"
for command in parted losetup tune2fs md5sum e2fsck resize2fs; do
  which $command 2>&1 >/dev/null
  if (( $? != 0 )); then
    echo "ERROR: $command is not installed."
    exit -4
  fi
done

if [ "$verbose_mode" = true ]; then
echo "### Setting cleanup at script exit ###"
fi
trap cleanup ERR EXIT

beforesize=$(ls -lh "$img" | cut -d ' ' -f 5)
parted_output=$(parted -ms "$img" unit B print | tail -n 1)
partnum=$(echo "$parted_output" | cut -d ':' -f 1)
partstart=$(echo "$parted_output" | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d 'B')
loopback=$(losetup -f --show -o $partstart "$img")
tune2fs_output=$(tune2fs -l "$loopback")
currentsize=$(echo "$tune2fs_output" | grep '^Block count:' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2)
blocksize=$(echo "$tune2fs_output" | grep '^Block size:' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2)

fsck -y "$loopback"