是否有可以定期让我进行心理算术练习的软件？

我意识到自己的懒惰本性，需要不时推动自己进行一些基本的心理算术。因此，我正在寻找一个软件，该软件会定期要求我进行简短的心理算术练习（加，减，乘，除）。

条件：

• 它应该允许我自定义间隔时间
• 它应该集成在Ubuntu桌面中，即隐藏在后台，仅在运动时显示（弹出）

1.简单明了的版本

下面的脚本将随机产生+，-，×和÷赋值。您可以（并且应该）设置脚本可以使用的最大数量以及分配之间的时间间隔。

作业

分配在Zenity输入窗口中显示：

如果答案是错误的：

如果答案正确：

剧本

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time

# maximum number & interval
max_n = int(sys.argv[1]); pause = int(sys.argv[2])

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    assignment = assignments[randint(0, 3)]
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        pass

while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    get_assignment()

如何使用

1. 将脚本复制到一个空文件中，另存为 mindpractice.py

2. 以最大允许数量和分配之间的间隔时间（以秒为单位）作为参数运行它：

   python3 /path/to/mindpractice.py <max_number> <interval>

   例如

   python3 /path/to/mindpractice.py 1000 300

   最多可计算到的数字1000，两次分配之间有5分钟的间隔。

3. 如果一切正常，则可以按常规方式将其添加到启动应用程序中，或者可以进行启动器的切换，稍后我可能会添加它：)

注意

• 这种划分可能需要一些解释。您可能不希望以浮点数计算。因此，如果分配是除法，则脚本将查找可以除以的数字，并随机选择一个。如果（主）号码是质数，则该分配将更改为另一种类型。

2.更多选择

一旦开始计算，您会发现除以 100（例如）的数字要比乘以 100的数字容易得多。

下面你该脚本可以（也应该）设置的最大数量的每个运动类型（见下面的脚本说明）。

剧本

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time

levels = sys.argv[1:]
pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    track = randint(0, 3)
    arg = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:"][track]
    max_n = [int(item.replace(arg, "")) for item in levels if arg in item][0]

    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    assignment = assignments[track]     
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        pass

while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    get_assignment()

如何使用

• 完全像第一个脚本一样设置脚本，但是使用参数运行脚本（以任何顺序，脚本会将正确的参数链接到正确的项目）：

  • p: 暂停（两次作业之间的间隔，以秒为单位）
  • s: 减去（要计算的最大数）
  • a: 加（最大数量）
  • m: 乘（最大数）
  • d: 除（最大数）

  例如：

  python3 '/home/jacob/Desktop/num.py' a:10 d:100 s:10 m:10 p:300

  显示锻炼每五分钟，数多达10个，除瓜分图100。

3.让我们有点生气

能够看到一些统计数据

下面的版本向您显示每10次练习后的统计信息：

此外（当用于儿童时，这可能很有用），您可以查看最近100次错误回答的练习中出了什么问题。在一个隐藏的文件中，作业及其（不正确的）答案均被写入：

该日志文件位于：

~/.calculog

剧本

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time
import os

log = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calculog"

levels = sys.argv[1:]
pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """
    # pick an assignment (type) at random
    track = randint(0, 3)
    arg = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:"][track]
    max_n = [int(item.replace(arg, "")) for item in levels if arg in item][0]

    n1 = randint(2, max_n); n2 = randint(2, max_n)
    assignments = [
        [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
        [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
        [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
        fix_float(n1),
        ]
    assignment = assignments[track]     
    # if the random number is a prime number and the assignment a division...
    assignment = assignment if assignment != None else assignments[1]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
            return "ok"
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
            open(log, "+a").write(assignment[0]+"\t\t"+str(answer)+"\n")
            try:
                history = open(log).read().splitlines()
                open(log, "wt").write(("\n").join(history[-100:])+"\n")     
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass 
            return "mistake"
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        return None

results = []
while True:
    time.sleep(pause)
    results.append(get_assignment())
    if len(results) >= 10:
        score = results.count("ok")
        subprocess.call([
            "zenity", "--info",
            '--title=Latest scores',
            '--text='+str(score)+' out of 10',
            '--width=160',
            ])
        results = []

如何使用

使用方法几乎与选项2完全相同，但是您将拥有可用的日志文件以及每10次分配后的得分。

4.终极版

下面的版本类似于选项3（包括日志文件和报告），但具有一些附加功能：

• 添加计算平方根

  

• 使用一定范围的数字进行相加，而不是简单地设置最大值

• 添加仅运行特定计算类型的选项（例如，仅除法和乘法）。

• 记住上一次运行的参数，没有参数时运行（仅第一次，必须设置参数）。如果在第一次运行时未设置任何参数，则脚本会发送一条消息：

  

剧本

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from random import randint
import sys
import subprocess
import time
import os

"""
Use this script to practice head count. Some explanation might be needed:
The script can be used for the following types of calculating:

Type          argument example      explanation
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
add           a:30-100              to add in numbers from 30-100
subtract      s:10-100              to subtract in numbers from 10-100
multiply      m:10-20               to multiply in numbers from 10-20
divide        d:200-400             to divide in numbers from 200-400
square root   r:1-1000              to find square root in numbers from 1-1000

N.B.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- The argument p: (pause in seconds; break between the assignments) *must* be
  set, for example: p:300 to launch an assignment every 5 minutes
- A calculation type will only run *if* the argument is set for the
  corresponding type. An example: python3 /path/to/script p:60 s:30-60
  will run a subtract- assignment every minute.

Miscellaneous information:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- On first run, arguments *must* be set. After first run, when no arguments
  are used the last set arguments will run, until the script is run with a new
  set of arguments.
- A log file of the last 100 incorrectly answered questions is kept in
  ~/.calculog
- After 10 assignments, the score of the last 10 pops up.
"""

log = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calculog"
prefs = os.environ["HOME"]+"/.calcuprefs"
levels = sys.argv[1:]

if levels:
    open(prefs, "wt").write(str(levels))
else:
    try:
        levels = eval(open(prefs).read())
    except FileNotFoundError:
        subprocess.call([
            "zenity", "--info",
            '--title=Missing arguments',
            '--text=On first run, the script needs to be run with arguments\n'
            ])

def fix_float(n):
    """
    if the assignment is a division, the script divides the random number by a
    number (integer) it can be divided by. it looks up those numbers, and picks
    one of them (at random). if the number is a prime number the assignment is
    changed into another type
    """
    try:
        divs = [i for i in range(2, n) if n%i == 0]
        pick = randint(1, len(divs))
        div_by = divs[pick-1]
        return [str(n)+" : "+str(div_by), int(n/div_by)]
    except (ValueError, IndexError):
        pass

def fix_sqr(f1, f2):
    """
    If the assignment is calculating a square root, this function finds the sets
    of numbers (integers) that make a couple, within the given range.
    """
    q = f1; r = q**(.5); sets = []
    while q < f2:
        r = q**(.5)
        if r == int(r):
            sets.append([int(r), int(q)])
        q = q+1
    if sets:
        pick = sets[randint(0, len(sets)-1)]
        return ["√"+str(pick[1]), pick[0]]

def get_assignment():
    """
    get a random number within the user defined range, make the assignment and
    the textual presentation
    """ 
    args = ["a:", "s:", "m:", "d:", "r:"]
    indc = []
    for i, item in enumerate(args):
        if item in str(levels):
            indc.append(i)

    index = indc[randint(0, len(indc)-1)]
    name = args[index]

    minmax = [
        [int(n) for n in item.replace(name, "").split("-")] \
        for item in levels if name in item][0]

    assignment = None
    # if the random number is a prime number *and* the assignment a division 
    # or a square root...
    while assignment == None:
        n1 = randint(minmax[0], minmax[1]); n2 = randint(minmax[0], minmax[1])
        assignment = [
            [str(n1)+" + "+str(n2), n1+n2],
            [str(n1)+" - "+str(n2), n1-n2],
            [str(n1)+" x "+str(n2), n1*n2],
            fix_float(n1),
            fix_sqr(minmax[0], minmax[1]),
            ][index]
    # run the interface job
    try:
        answer = int(subprocess.check_output(["/bin/bash", "-c",
            'zenity --entry --title="Think hard:" --text='+'"'+assignment[0]+'"'
            ]).decode("utf-8"))
        if answer == assignment[1]:
            subprocess.Popen(["notify-send", "Coolcool"])
            return "ok"
        else:
            subprocess.Popen([
                "notify-send", "Oooops, "+assignment[0]+\
                " = "+str(assignment[1])])
            open(log, "+a").write(assignment[0]+"\t\t"+str(answer)+"\n")
            try:
                history = open(log).read().splitlines()
                open(log, "wt").write(("\n").join(history[-100:])+"\n")     
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass 
            return "mistake"
    except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, ValueError):
        return None

if levels:
    pause = [int(arg.replace("p:", "")) for arg in levels if "p:" in arg][0]
    [levels.remove(item) for item in levels if "p:" in item]
    results = []
    while True:
        time.sleep(pause)
        results.append(get_assignment())
        if len(results) >= 10:
            score = results.count("ok")
            subprocess.call([
                "zenity", "--info",
                '--title=Latest scores',
                '--text='+str(score)+' out of 10',
                '--width=160',
                ])
            results = []

如何使用

• 将脚本复制到一个空文件中，再次将其保存为mindpractice.py。使用以下选项运行它（作为示例）

  必须设置：

  p:300                to set the interval between assignments to 5 minutes

  可选（进行选择）：

  a:30-100             to add in numbers from 30-100 (optional)
  s:10-100             to subtract in numbers from 10-100
  m:10-20              to multiply in numbers from 10-20
  d:200-400            to divide in numbers from 200-400
  r:1-1000             to find square root in numbers from 1-1000
  

• 示例命令：

  python3 '/path/to/mindpractice.py' p:300 d:10-100 s:10-30  r:300-600

  设置：

  p:300                to set the interval between assignments to 5 minutes
  d:10-100             to divide in numbers from 10-100
  s:10-30              to subtract in numbers from 10-30
  r:300-600            to calculate square roots from 300-600
  

  同时添加和乘法不被使用。

然后，下一次，如果脚本使用以下命令运行：

python3 '/path/to/mindpractice.py'

它将记住上次使用的参数

使用最能满足您需求的版本...

介绍：

以下应用程序生成要由用户评估的随机整数表达式。随机生成的表达式的范围取决于主弹出窗口中用户的设置。单击Lets Begin按钮后，会话将无限期启动，直到用户单击“取消”按钮。

源代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# Author: Serg Kolo
# Date: Jan 30,2016
# Purpose: A graphical utility for practicing
#          random arithmetic operations
# Written for: http://askubuntu.com/q/725287/295286

#    Copyright: Serg Kolo , 2016
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#    (at your option) any later version.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

import sys
import time
import random
from PyQt4 import QtGui


class mathApp(QtGui.QWidget):
   def __init__(self):
       super(mathApp,self).__init__()
       self.mainMenu()

   def mainMenu(self):
      self.setGeometry(300, 300, 400, 200)

      self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton("Let's begin",self)
      self.btn.move(20,150)
      self.btn.clicked.connect(self.askQuestions)

      self.lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
      self.lbl1.move(20,25)
      self.lbl1.setText("Numbers From")


      self.lbl2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
      self.lbl2.move(20,55)
      self.lbl2.setText("Numbers To")

      self.lbl2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
      self.lbl2.move(20,85)
      self.lbl2.setText("Repeat (seconds)")

      self.le1 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self)
      self.le1.move(150,20)

      self.le2 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self)
      self.le2.move(150,50)

      self.le3 = QtGui.QLineEdit(self)
      self.le3.move(150,80)

      self.lbl3 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
      self.lbl3.move(20,105)

      self.setWindowTitle('Random Integer Arithmetic')

      self.show()

   def askQuestions(self):
       rangeStart = int(self.le1.text())
       rangeEnd = int(self.le2.text())
       sleepTime = int(self.le3.text())
       done=False
       while not done:
          self.show()
          expression = self.generateOperation(rangeStart,rangeEnd)
          correctAnswer = eval(expression)

          prompt = QtGui.QInputDialog() 
          text,ok = prompt.getText(self,"Don't think too hard",expression) 
          if ok:
             if int(text) == correctAnswer:                
                self.showAnswer("CORRECT,YOU ROCK !")
             else :
                self.showAnswer("Nope");
          else:
              done=True

          if done==True:
              self.close()
          time.sleep(sleepTime)


   def generateOperation(self,start,end):
      a = random.randint(start,end)
      b = random.randint(start,end)
      oplist = ['+','-','/','*']
      op = oplist[random.randint(0,3)]
      expr = str(a) + op + str(b) + ''
      return expr

   def showAnswer(self,result):
       popup = QtGui.QMessageBox()
       popup.setText(result)
       popup.exec_()


def main():
   root = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
   app = mathApp()
   sys.exit(root.exec_())

if __name__ == '__main__':
   main()