如何按用户监视CPU使用率？

我需要监视两台服务器（Ubuntu和CentOS）的用户的CPU使用率。例如：

user1     5%
user2    10%
...

有没有类似的工具top或htop可以做到这一点的工具？

这是一个脚本，用于显示当前登录的每个用户的总 CPU使用率， showPerUserCPU.sh：

own=$(id -nu)
cpus=$(lscpu | grep "^CPU(s):" | awk '{print $2}')

for user in $(who | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u)
do
    # print other user's CPU usage in parallel but skip own one because
    # spawning many processes will increase our CPU usage significantly
    if [ "$user" = "$own" ]; then continue; fi
    (top -b -n 1 -u "$user" | awk -v user=$user -v CPUS=$cpus 'NR>7 { sum += $9; } END { print user, sum, sum/CPUS; }') &
    # don't spawn too many processes in parallel
    sleep 0.05
done
wait

# print own CPU usage after all spawned processes completed
top -b -n 1 -u "$own" | awk -v user=$own -v CPUS=$cpus 'NR>7 { sum += $9; } END { print user, sum, sum/CPUS; }'

这是一个稍作修改的版本，用于打印所有可用用户的CPU使用率（但跳过CPU使用率为零的用户）， showAllPerUserCPU.sh：

own=$(id -nu)
cpus=$(lscpu | grep "^CPU(s):" | awk '{print $2}')

for user in $(getent passwd | awk -F ":" '{print $1}' | sort -u)
do
    # print other user's CPU usage in parallel but skip own one because
    # spawning many processes will increase our CPU usage significantly
    if [ "$user" = "$own" ]; then continue; fi
    (top -b -n 1 -u "$user" | awk -v user=$user -v CPUS=$cpus 'NR>7 { sum += $9; } END { if (sum > 0.0) print user, sum, sum/CPUS; }') &
    # don't spawn too many processes in parallel
    sleep 0.05
done
wait

# print own CPU usage after all spawned processes completed
top -b -n 1 -u "$own" | awk -v user=$own -v CPUS=$cpus 'NR>7 { sum += $9; } END { print user, sum, sum/CPUS; }'

第一列代表用户名，第二列代表合计CPU使用量，第三列代表根据CPU内核数进行标准化的CPU使用量。

还有一个相关的脚本可显示每个用户的总内存使用量： showPerUserMem.sh

对于实时监控，只需通过 watch命令。

要按CPU使用率进行排序，请将输出传递给sort -k2 -nr。