i686和x86_64软件包之间有什么区别？

我有一台同时装有glibc i686和x86_64的计算机，以及glibc的一个非常烦人的问题。

一台计算机上安装两个相同名称的库是否正常？我怎么知道执行哪个库？

直到最近，我还认为x86_64是i686。好吧，我一定弄错了，但是为什么呢？

    [root@machin ~]# yum info glibc
    Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
    This system is not registered with RHN.
    RHN support will be disabled.
    Excluding Packages in global exclude list
    Finished
    Installed Packages
    Name       : glibc
    Arch       : i686
    Version    : 2.5
    Release    : 42
    Size       : 12 M
    Repo       : installed
    Summary    : The GNU libc libraries.
    License    : LGPL
    Description: The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
               : multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
               : memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
               : kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
               : contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
               : library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
               : Linux system will not function.

    Name       : glibc
    Arch       : x86_64
    Version    : 2.5
    Release    : 42
    Size       : 11 M
    Repo       : installed
    Summary    : The GNU libc libraries.
    License    : LGPL
    Description: The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
               : multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
               : memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
               : kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
               : contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
               : library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
               : Linux system will not function.

    [root@machin ~]# yum info glibc-common
    Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
    This system is not registered with RHN.
    RHN support will be disabled.
    Excluding Packages in global exclude list
    Finished
    Installed Packages
    Name       : glibc-common
    Arch       : x86_64
    Version    : 2.5
    Release    : 42
    Size       : 64 M
    Repo       : installed
    Summary    : Common binaries and locale data for glibc
    License    : LGPL
    Description: The glibc-common package includes common binaries for the GNU libc
               : libraries, as well as national language (locale) support.

从技术上讲，i686实际上是32位指令集（x86系列产品线的一部分），而x86_64是64位指令集（也称为amd64）。

从它的声音来看，您有一台具有32位库的64位计算机，以便向后兼容。那应该很好。

如果您在Wikipedia中挖掘i686，则Wikipedia会告诉您有关i686微体系结构被视为x86扩展的线索。

通常，所有x86体系结构都被认为是相似的，而x86_64（或可能是amd64）体系结构则被视为另一个微体系结构组。

i686软件包旨在在与686兼容的处理器上执行，该处理器包括所有Intel 32位x86处理器（包括Pentium 4等），以及AMD（AMD K6）和其他兼容32-位芯片。

想要查询更多的信息：

• AMD K6系列
• 英特尔i686

x86_64软件包旨在在与AMD64 64位平台兼容的处理器上执行，包括AMD Athlon 64，AMD Opteron和相关的AMD处理器系列以及基于Intel 64的处理器。

这些64位处理器与它们的32位以前版本完全向后兼容，因此，如果您具有AMD64或Intel 64处理器，则由您决定是否安装64位x86_64软件包或32位i686软件包。为了使系统发挥最高性能，您可能需要使用64位x86_64分发软件包。

参考：

• 微处理器类型和规格