为什么“ df”挂起？

我最近在运行时遇到了问题df，它只是挂在那里。这是strace输出，在其中，您将看到我被杀了，因为它只是坐在那里：

$ strace /bin/df
execve("/bin/df", ["/bin/df"], [/* 35 vars */]) = 0
brk(0)                                  = 0x8d03000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap2(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7840000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY)      = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=90781, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 90781, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xb7829000
close(3)                                = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\240o\1\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1401000, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 1415544, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xb76cf000
mprotect(0xb7822000, 4096, PROT_NONE)   = 0
mmap2(0xb7823000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x153) = 0xb7823000
mmap2(0xb7826000, 10616, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb7826000
close(3)                                = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb76ce000
set_thread_area({entry_number:-1 -> 6, base_addr:0xb76ce8d0, limit:1048575, seg_32bit:1, contents:0, read_exec_only:0, limit_in_pages:1, seg_not_present:0, useable:1}) = 0
mprotect(0xb7823000, 8192, PROT_READ)   = 0
mprotect(0xb785e000, 4096, PROT_READ)   = 0
munmap(0xb7829000, 90781)               = 0
brk(0)                                  = 0x8d03000
brk(0x8d24000)                          = 0x8d24000
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1534656, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 1534656, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xb7557000
close(3)                                = 0
open("/etc/mtab", O_RDONLY)             = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=708, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb783f000
read(3, "/dev/sda6 / ext4 rw,errors=remou"..., 4096) = 708
read(3, "", 4096)                       = 0
close(3)                                = 0
munmap(0xb783f000, 4096)                = 0
statfs64("/", 84, {f_type="EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=4805813, f_bfree=3325193, f_bavail=3081072, f_files=1220608, f_ffree=1007617, f_fsid={-1624337824, -871214780}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2570, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xb783f000
read(3, "# Locale name alias data base.\n#"..., 4096) = 2570
read(3, "", 4096)                       = 0
close(3)                                = 0
munmap(0xb783f000, 4096)                = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/en_ZA.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en_ZA/LC_MESSAGES/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/coreutils.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
statfs64("/lib/init/rw", 84, {f_type=0x1021994, f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=1280, f_bfree=1280, f_bavail=1280, f_files=215959, f_ffree=215956, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/run", 84, {f_type=0x1021994, f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=102000, f_bfree=101823, f_bavail=101823, f_files=215959, f_ffree=215559, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/sys", 84, {f_type="SYSFS_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=0, f_bfree=0, f_bavail=0, f_files=0, f_ffree=0, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/dev", 84, {f_type=0x1021994, f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=508762, f_bfree=508762, f_bavail=508762, f_files=213490, f_ffree=213031, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/run/shm", 84, {f_type=0x1021994, f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=203999, f_bfree=203816, f_bavail=203816, f_files=215959, f_ffree=215955, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/dev/pts", 84, {f_type="DEVPTS_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=0, f_bfree=0, f_bavail=0, f_files=0, f_ffree=0, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/boot", 84, {f_type="EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=1024, f_blocks=188403, f_bfree=150550, f_bavail=140822, f_files=48768, f_ffree=48525, f_fsid={-655942775, 1382872797}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=1024}) = 0
statfs64("/home", 84, {f_type="EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=66535124, f_bfree=6683145, f_bavail=3303357, f_files=16900096, f_ffree=16633097, f_fsid={-515912651, 307591087}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/sys/fs/fuse/connections", 84, {f_type=0x65735543, f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=0, f_bfree=0, f_bavail=0, f_files=0, f_ffree=0, f_fsid={0, 0}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
statfs64("/home/wena/temp/mount", 84, ^C <unfinished ...>

另一个失败的工具是gnome-system-monitor，启动后似乎也立即挂起。

我曾经sshfs从某些ssh服务器挂载目录，但网络连接丢失。似乎df是试图列出该安装，而不是正常失败，它只是卡住了:(

诸如df挂起之类的软件的最常见原因是当他们试图从响应不正确的磁盘读取数据时。

检查来自的输出dmesg以查看是否是这种情况-不稳定的驱动器会抛出很多错误。

不幸的是，这往往是硬件问题，您可能正在考虑必须更换整个驱动器。我建议您尽可能备份所有内容。

此处不是这种情况，但为了记录在案，请注意，某些GNU实现的df版本（自7.3版本起，已在8.29中修复（带有此commit））挂在没有编写器的可读fifo /命名管道文件上，因为它们试图打开它们，如https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=29038中所示

$ mkfifo fifo
$ strace df fifo
[...]
open("fifo", O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY  # hanging there

我的根本原因是不寻常的，但无论如何我都会提到这一点，以防有人犯同样的错误。我是用cifs在/etc/auto.directUbuntu上16.04.4（最近从16.04升级到）。我没有加vers=1.0。

向后兼容性-软件最大的神话之一。

它实际上在df 8.25上有效，解决了xenial更新后的问题

我遇到了同样的问题，重启下面的服务为我工作。

$ systemctl重新启动proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount

上述答案未涵盖的另一种情况：

以我为例，使用时strace df，我发现df在尝试文件系统时它挂起statfs了keybase：

$ strace df
...   # many lines omitted for brevity
statfs("/run/user/1000/keybase/kbfs", <--- hangs here
^Cstrace: Process 17510 detached

注销（然后重新登录）以keybase解决此特定问题：

$ keybase logout
$ df  # doesn't hang anymore
...

$ keybase login
$ df  # still ok
...