是否可以仅克隆git项目的一部分?


Answers:


28

您最终将下载整个历史记录,因此我看不出有什么好处,但是您可以使用“稀疏”签出来签出特定部分。引用此Stack Overflow帖子

进行稀疏克隆的步骤如下:

mkdir <repo>
cd <repo>
git init
git remote add -f origin <url>

这将使用您的遥控器创建一个空的存储库,并获取所有对象,但不将其检出。然后做:

git config core.sparseCheckout true

现在,您需要定义要实际检出的文件/文件夹。通过在中列出它们来完成此操作.git/info/sparse-checkout,例如:

echo "some/dir/" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout
echo "another/sub/tree" >> .git/info/sparse-checkout

最后但并非最不重要的一点是,使用远程状态更新空仓库:

git pull origin master

您可能需要看一下扩展教程,并且应该阅读稀疏签出的官方文档

您也可以使用浅表克隆更好。代替git pull先前给出的命令,请尝试:

git pull --depth=1 origin master

1
error: Sparse checkout leaves no entry on working directory在对core.sparseCheckout and 进行修改之后,我得到了git pull之后.git/info/sparse-checkout
Sandeepan Nath

7

尝试这个:

svn export https://github.com/PhantomX/slackbuilds/trunk/${directory}

这是最简单的方法。它不会下载所有回购。请注意,我们必须添加/trunk和删除/tree/master。更多在这里
贝尔纳多·拉莫斯

谢谢!我只想克隆一个仓库的文件夹,而不是克隆仓库中的所有文件夹。这真的对我有用。
Edper

7

git clone --filter 从Git 2.19

此选项实际上将跳过从服务器获取不需要的对象的操作:

git clone --depth 1 --no-checkout --filter=blob:none \
  "file://$(pwd)/server_repo" local_repo
cd local_repo
git checkout master -- mydir/

服务器应配置为:

git config --local uploadpack.allowfilter 1
git config --local uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1

从v2.19.0开始,没有服务器支持,但是已经可以在本地进行测试。

TODO:--filter=blob:none跳过所有blob,但仍获取所有树对象。但是在正常的仓库中,与文件本身相比,它应该很小,所以已经足够了。在以下位置询问:https: //www.spinics.net/lists/git/msg342006.html开发人员回答说,--filter=tree:0正在为此做准备。

请记住,这--depth 1已经暗示了--single-branch,另请参见:https : //stackoverflow.com/questions/1778088/how-to-clone-a-single-branch-in-git

file://$(path)需要克服git clone协议欺骗:https : //stackoverflow.com/questions/47307578/how-to-shallow-clone-a-local-git-repository-with-a-relative-path

的格式--filter记录在上man git-rev-list

对Git远程协议进行了扩展以支持此功能。

Git树上的文档:

测试一下

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -eu

list-objects() (
  git rev-list --all --objects
  echo "master commit SHA: $(git log -1 --format="%H")"
  echo "mybranch commit SHA: $(git log -1 --format="%H")"
  git ls-tree master
  git ls-tree mybranch | grep mybranch
  git ls-tree master~ | grep root
)

# Reproducibility.
export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='a'
export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL='a'
export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='a'
export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='a'
export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE='2000-01-01T00:00:00+0000'
export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='2000-01-01T00:00:00+0000'

rm -rf server_repo local_repo
mkdir server_repo
cd server_repo

# Create repo.
git init --quiet
git config --local uploadpack.allowfilter 1
git config --local uploadpack.allowanysha1inwant 1

# First commit.
# Directories present in all branches.
mkdir d1 d2
printf 'd1/a' > ./d1/a
printf 'd1/b' > ./d1/b
printf 'd2/a' > ./d2/a
printf 'd2/b' > ./d2/b
# Present only in root.
mkdir 'root'
printf 'root' > ./root/root
git add .
git commit -m 'root' --quiet

# Second commit only on master.
git rm --quiet -r ./root
mkdir 'master'
printf 'master' > ./master/master
git add .
git commit -m 'master commit' --quiet

# Second commit only on mybranch.
git checkout -b mybranch --quiet master~
git rm --quiet -r ./root
mkdir 'mybranch'
printf 'mybranch' > ./mybranch/mybranch
git add .
git commit -m 'mybranch commit' --quiet

echo "# List and identify all objects"
list-objects
echo

# Restore master.
git checkout --quiet master
cd ..

# Clone. Don't checkout for now, only .git/ dir.
git clone --depth 1 --quiet --no-checkout --filter=blob:none "file://$(pwd)/server_repo" local_repo
cd local_repo

# List missing objects from master.
echo "# Missing objects after --no-checkout"
git rev-list --all --quiet --objects --missing=print
echo

echo "# Git checkout fails without internet"
mv ../server_repo ../server_repo.off
! git checkout master
echo

echo "# Git checkout fetches the missing directory from internet"
mv ../server_repo.off ../server_repo
git checkout master -- d1/
echo

echo "# Missing objects after checking out d1"
git rev-list --all --quiet --objects --missing=print

GitHub上游

Git v2.19.0中的输出:

# List and identify all objects
c6fcdfaf2b1462f809aecdad83a186eeec00f9c1
fc5e97944480982cfc180a6d6634699921ee63ec
7251a83be9a03161acde7b71a8fda9be19f47128
62d67bce3c672fe2b9065f372726a11e57bade7e
b64bf435a3e54c5208a1b70b7bcb0fc627463a75 d1
308150e8fddde043f3dbbb8573abb6af1df96e63 d1/a
f70a17f51b7b30fec48a32e4f19ac15e261fd1a4 d1/b
84de03c312dc741d0f2a66df7b2f168d823e122a d2
0975df9b39e23c15f63db194df7f45c76528bccb d2/a
41484c13520fcbb6e7243a26fdb1fc9405c08520 d2/b
7d5230379e4652f1b1da7ed1e78e0b8253e03ba3 master
8b25206ff90e9432f6f1a8600f87a7bd695a24af master/master
ef29f15c9a7c5417944cc09711b6a9ee51b01d89
19f7a4ca4a038aff89d803f017f76d2b66063043 mybranch
1b671b190e293aa091239b8b5e8c149411d00523 mybranch/mybranch
c3760bb1a0ece87cdbaf9a563c77a45e30a4e30e
a0234da53ec608b54813b4271fbf00ba5318b99f root
93ca1422a8da0a9effc465eccbcb17e23015542d root/root
master commit SHA: fc5e97944480982cfc180a6d6634699921ee63ec
mybranch commit SHA: fc5e97944480982cfc180a6d6634699921ee63ec
040000 tree b64bf435a3e54c5208a1b70b7bcb0fc627463a75    d1
040000 tree 84de03c312dc741d0f2a66df7b2f168d823e122a    d2
040000 tree 7d5230379e4652f1b1da7ed1e78e0b8253e03ba3    master
040000 tree 19f7a4ca4a038aff89d803f017f76d2b66063043    mybranch
040000 tree a0234da53ec608b54813b4271fbf00ba5318b99f    root

# Missing objects after --no-checkout
?f70a17f51b7b30fec48a32e4f19ac15e261fd1a4
?8b25206ff90e9432f6f1a8600f87a7bd695a24af
?41484c13520fcbb6e7243a26fdb1fc9405c08520
?0975df9b39e23c15f63db194df7f45c76528bccb
?308150e8fddde043f3dbbb8573abb6af1df96e63

# Git checkout fails without internet
fatal: '/home/ciro/bak/git/test-git-web-interface/other-test-repos/partial-clone.tmp/server_repo' does not appear to be a git repository
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

# Git checkout fetches the missing directory from internet
remote: Enumerating objects: 1, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (1/1), done.
remote: Total 1 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (1/1), 45 bytes | 45.00 KiB/s, done.
remote: Enumerating objects: 1, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (1/1), done.
remote: Total 1 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (1/1), 45 bytes | 45.00 KiB/s, done.

# Missing objects after checking out d1
?8b25206ff90e9432f6f1a8600f87a7bd695a24af
?41484c13520fcbb6e7243a26fdb1fc9405c08520
?0975df9b39e23c15f63db194df7f45c76528bccb

结论:d1/缺少来自外部的所有斑点。例如0975df9b39e23c15f63db194df7f45c76528bccbd2/b退房后不存在d1/

请注意,root/root并且mybranch/mybranch也丢失了,但是--depth 1将其从丢失的文件列表中隐藏了。如果删除--depth 1,则它们将显示在丢失文件的列表中。


1

由于以上原因,我终于完成了这项工作。我正在直接编辑文件,由于不小心包括了引号而导致错误。您的.git / info / sparse-checkout文件应仅包含目录,不包括引号。这是一个示例:这个巨大的项目:https : //github.com/SharePoint/sp-dev-fx-webparts,我只需要示例目录中的react-script-editor。 https://github.com/SharePoint/sp-dev-fx-webparts/tree/master/samples/react-script-editor

当我的.git / info / sparse-checkout文件中包含此文件时,我按照上述说明进行了操作

样本/反应脚本编辑器


1

这将克隆一个特定的文件夹,并删除所有与此文件夹无关的历史记录。

git clone --single-branch -b {branch} git@github.com:{user}/{repo}.git
git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter {path/to/folder} HEAD
git remote remove origin
git remote add origin git@github.com:{user}/{new-repo}.git
git push -u origin master

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