我的鼠标会随机停止工作。解决方案很简单，拔掉插头然后重新插上即可。有什么办法可以通过命令行执行此操作吗？通过命令行执行有一些优点。
再加上我很好奇如何做到这一点。
操作系统是Debian 8。
谢谢！
Answers:
将以下内容保存到 usbreset.c
/* usbreset -- send a USB port reset to a USB device */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/usbdevice_fs.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *filename;
int fd;
int rc;
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: usbreset device-filename\n");
return 1;
}
filename = argv[1];
fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("Error opening output file");
return 1;
}
printf("Resetting USB device %s\n", filename);
rc = ioctl(fd, USBDEVFS_RESET, 0);
if (rc < 0) {
perror("Error in ioctl");
return 1;
}
printf("Reset successful\n");
close(fd);
return 0;
}
在终端中运行以下命令：
编译程序：
cc usbreset.c -o usbreset
获取要重置的USB设备的总线和设备ID：
lsusb -t
Bus# 4
-Dev# 1 Vendor 0x1d6b Product 0x0001
-Dev# 3 Vendor 0x046b Product 0xff10
使我们的编译程序可执行：
chmod +x usbreset
sudo特权执行程序；通过运行以下命令对<Bus>和<Device>id 进行必要的替换 lsusb：
sudo ./usbreset /dev/bus/usb/004/003
Resetting USB device /dev/bus/usb/004/003
Reset successful
以上程序的来源：http : //marc.info/?l=linux-usb&m=121459435621262&w=2
我已经创建了一个Python脚本，该脚本基于此处的答案简化了整个过程：https : //askubuntu.com/questions/645/how-do-you-reset-a-usb-device-from-the-command-line。
将以下脚本另存为reset_usb.py或克隆此仓库：https : //github.com/mcarans/resetusb/。
用法：
python reset_usb.py help：显示此帮助
sudo python reset_usb.py list：列出所有USB设备
sudo python reset_usb.py path / dev / bus / usb / XXX / YYY：使用路径/ dev / bus / usb / XXX / YYY重置USB设备
sudo python reset_usb.py search“搜索条件”：使用列表返回的搜索字符串中的搜索条件搜索USB设备并重置匹配的设备
sudo python reset_usb.py listpci：列出所有PCI USB设备
sudo python reset_usb.py pathpci /sys/bus/pci/drivers/.../XXXX:XX:XX.X：使用路径/sys/bus/pci/drivers/.../XXXX:XX重置PCI USB设备： XX
sudo python reset_usb.py searchpci“搜索条件”：使用listpci返回的搜索字符串中的搜索条件搜索PCI USB设备并重置匹配的设备
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
import fcntl
instructions = '''
Usage: python reset_usb.py help : Show this help
sudo python reset_usb.py list : List all USB devices
sudo python reset_usb.py path /dev/bus/usb/XXX/YYY : Reset USB device using path /dev/bus/usb/XXX/YYY
sudo python reset_usb.py search "search terms" : Search for USB device using the search terms within the search string returned by list and reset matching device
sudo python reset_usb.py listpci : List all PCI USB devices
sudo python reset_usb.py pathpci /sys/bus/pci/drivers/.../XXXX:XX:XX.X : Reset PCI USB device using path
sudo python reset_usb.py searchpci "search terms" : Search for PCI USB device using the search terms within the search string returned by listpci and reset matching device
'''
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print(instructions)
sys.exit(0)
option = sys.argv[1].lower()
if 'help' in option:
print(instructions)
sys.exit(0)
def create_pci_list():
pci_usb_list = list()
try:
lspci_out = Popen('lspci -Dvmm', shell=True, bufsize=64, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True).stdout.read().strip().decode('utf-8')
pci_devices = lspci_out.split('%s%s' % (os.linesep, os.linesep))
for pci_device in pci_devices:
device_dict = dict()
categories = pci_device.split(os.linesep)
for category in categories:
key, value = category.split('\t')
device_dict[key[:-1]] = value.strip()
if 'USB' not in device_dict['Class']:
continue
for root, dirs, files in os.walk('/sys/bus/pci/drivers/'):
slot = device_dict['Slot']
if slot in dirs:
device_dict['path'] = os.path.join(root, slot)
break
pci_usb_list.append(device_dict)
except Exception as ex:
print('Failed to list pci devices! Error: %s' % ex)
sys.exit(-1)
return pci_usb_list
def create_usb_list():
device_list = list()
try:
lsusb_out = Popen('lsusb -v', shell=True, bufsize=64, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, close_fds=True).stdout.read().strip().decode('utf-8')
usb_devices = lsusb_out.split('%s%s' % (os.linesep, os.linesep))
for device_categories in usb_devices:
if not device_categories:
continue
categories = device_categories.split(os.linesep)
device_stuff = categories[0].strip().split()
bus = device_stuff[1]
device = device_stuff[3][:-1]
device_dict = {'bus': bus, 'device': device}
device_info = ' '.join(device_stuff[6:])
device_dict['description'] = device_info
for category in categories:
if not category:
continue
categoryinfo = category.strip().split()
if categoryinfo[0] == 'iManufacturer':
manufacturer_info = ' '.join(categoryinfo[2:])
device_dict['manufacturer'] = manufacturer_info
if categoryinfo[0] == 'iProduct':
device_info = ' '.join(categoryinfo[2:])
device_dict['device'] = device_info
path = '/dev/bus/usb/%s/%s' % (bus, device)
device_dict['path'] = path
device_list.append(device_dict)
except Exception as ex:
print('Failed to list usb devices! Error: %s' % ex)
sys.exit(-1)
return device_list
if 'listpci' in option:
pci_usb_list = create_pci_list()
for device in pci_usb_list:
print('path=%s' % device['path'])
print(' manufacturer=%s' % device['SVendor'])
print(' device=%s' % device['SDevice'])
print(' search string=%s %s' % (device['SVendor'], device['SDevice']))
sys.exit(0)
if 'list' in option:
usb_list = create_usb_list()
for device in usb_list:
print('path=%s' % device['path'])
print(' description=%s' % device['description'])
print(' manufacturer=%s' % device['manufacturer'])
print(' device=%s' % device['device'])
print(' search string=%s %s %s' % (device['description'], device['manufacturer'], device['device']))
sys.exit(0)
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
print(instructions)
sys.exit(0)
option2 = sys.argv[2]
print('Resetting device: %s' % option2)
# echo -n "0000:39:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/unbind;echo -n "0000:39:00.0" | tee /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xhci_hcd/bind
def reset_pci_usb_device(dev_path):
folder, slot = os.path.split(dev_path)
try:
fp = open(os.path.join(folder, 'unbind'), 'wt')
fp.write(slot)
fp.close()
fp = open(os.path.join(folder, 'bind'), 'wt')
fp.write(slot)
fp.close()
print('Successfully reset %s' % dev_path)
sys.exit(0)
except Exception as ex:
print('Failed to reset device! Error: %s' % ex)
sys.exit(-1)
if 'pathpci' in option:
reset_pci_usb_device(option2)
if 'searchpci' in option:
pci_usb_list = create_pci_list()
for device in pci_usb_list:
text = '%s %s' % (device['SVendor'], device['SDevice'])
if option2 in text:
reset_pci_usb_device(device['path'])
print('Failed to find device!')
sys.exit(-1)
def reset_usb_device(dev_path):
USBDEVFS_RESET = 21780
try:
f = open(dev_path, 'w', os.O_WRONLY)
fcntl.ioctl(f, USBDEVFS_RESET, 0)
print('Successfully reset %s' % dev_path)
sys.exit(0)
except Exception as ex:
print('Failed to reset device! Error: %s' % ex)
sys.exit(-1)
if 'path' in option:
reset_usb_device(option2)
if 'search' in option:
usb_list = create_usb_list()
for device in usb_list:
text = '%s %s %s' % (device['description'], device['manufacturer'], device['device'])
if option2 in text:
reset_usb_device(device['path'])
print('Failed to find device!')
sys.exit(-1)