根据SMART硬盘没有坏，但是我在dmesg有错误

13

有时我在启动计算机（运行Debian）时遇到了奇怪的麻烦。于是我发出了“ dmesg”命令。在其输出中，我看到了很多错误。但是，当我在硬盘上运行扩展的SMART测试时（使用“ smartctl -t long / dev / sda”命令），结果是我的磁盘没有损坏。

这些错误的原因可能是什么？

错误如下：

   (...)
      [  505.918537] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x400 SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
      [  505.918549] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
      [  505.918558] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
      [  505.918566] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [  505.918579] ata3.00: cmd 60/40:50:20:5b:60/00:00:0b:00:00/40 tag 10 ncq 32768 in
               res 40/00:54:20:5b:60/00:00:0b:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [  505.918586] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [  505.918595] ata3: hard resetting link
      [  506.410055] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
      [  506.422648] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
      [  506.422679] ata3: EH complete
      [ 1633.123880] md: bind<sdb3>
      [ 1633.187966] RAID1 conf printout:
      [ 1633.187977]  --- wd:1 rd:2
      [ 1633.187984]  disk 0, wo:0, o:1, dev:sda3
      [ 1633.187989]  disk 1, wo:1, o:1, dev:sdb3
      [ 1633.188866] md: recovery of RAID array md0
      [ 1633.188871] md: minimum _guaranteed_  speed: 1000 KB/sec/disk.
      [ 1633.188875] md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for recovery.
      [ 1633.188890] md: using 128k window, over a total of 1943618560k.
      [ 1634.167341] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x7f80 SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
      [ 1634.167353] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
      [ 1634.167361] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
      [ 1634.167369] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167382] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:38:00:00:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 7 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167389] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167395] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167407] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:40:00:02:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 8 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167413] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167418] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167429] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:48:00:04:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 9 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167435] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167439] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167451] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:50:00:06:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 10 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167457] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167462] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167473] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:58:00:08:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 11 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167479] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167484] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167495] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:60:00:0a:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 12 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167500] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167505] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167516] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:68:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 tag 13 ncq 65536 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167522] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167527] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1634.167538] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:70:80:0c:6f/02:00:01:00:00/40 tag 14 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:6c:00:0c:6f/00:00:01:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1634.167544] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1634.167553] ata3: hard resetting link
      [ 1634.658816] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
      [ 1634.672645] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
      [ 1634.672696] ata3: EH complete
      [ 1637.687898] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x3ff000 SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
      [ 1637.687910] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
      [ 1637.687918] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
      [ 1637.687926] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.687940] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:60:80:a7:af/02:00:02:00:00/40 tag 12 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.687947] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.687953] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.687965] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:68:80:a9:af/02:00:02:00:00/40 tag 13 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.687971] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.687976] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.687987] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:70:80:ab:af/01:00:02:00:00/40 tag 14 ncq 196608 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.687993] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.687998] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688009] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:78:00:ad:af/02:00:02:00:00/40 tag 15 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688015] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688020] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688031] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:80:00:af:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 tag 16 ncq 65536 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688037] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688042] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688053] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:88:80:af:af/01:00:02:00:00/40 tag 17 ncq 131072 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688059] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688064] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688075] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:90:80:b0:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 tag 18 ncq 65536 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688081] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688085] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688096] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:98:00:b1:af/02:00:02:00:00/40 tag 19 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688102] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688107] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688118] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:a0:00:b3:af/01:00:02:00:00/40 tag 20 ncq 131072 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688124] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688129] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1637.688140] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:a8:00:b4:af/01:00:02:00:00/40 tag 21 ncq 131072 in
               res 40/00:ac:00:b4:af/00:00:02:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1637.688146] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1637.688154] ata3: hard resetting link
      [ 1638.179398] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
      [ 1638.192977] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
      [ 1638.193029] ata3: EH complete
      [ 1640.259492] md: export_rdev(sdb1)
      [ 1640.326109] md: bind<sdb1>
      [ 1640.346712] RAID1 conf printout:
      [ 1640.346724]  --- wd:1 rd:2
      [ 1640.346731]  disk 0, wo:0, o:1, dev:sda1
      [ 1640.346736]  disk 1, wo:1, o:1, dev:sdb1
      [ 1640.346893] md: delaying recovery of md1 until md0 has finished (they share one or more physical units)
      [ 1657.987964] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x40000 SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
      [ 1657.987975] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
      [ 1657.987984] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
      [ 1657.987992] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1657.988006] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:90:00:30:2e/03:00:09:00:00/40 tag 18 ncq 393216 in
               res 40/00:94:00:30:2e/00:00:09:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1657.988013] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1657.988022] ata3: hard resetting link
      [ 1658.479548] ata3: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300)
      [ 1658.493107] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
      [ 1658.493147] ata3: EH complete
      [ 1670.547791] ata3: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps
      [ 1670.547805] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x7f SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
      [ 1670.547812] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
      [ 1670.547820] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
      [ 1670.547826] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547839] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:00:00:1f:2e/01:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 196608 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547846] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547852] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547863] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:08:80:20:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 65536 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547869] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547875] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547886] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:10:00:21:2e/02:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 2 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547892] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547896] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547907] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:18:00:23:2e/02:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 3 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547913] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547918] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547929] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:20:00:25:2e/01:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 4 ncq 131072 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547935] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547940] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547951] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:28:00:26:2e/02:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 5 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547957] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547961] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
      [ 1670.547972] ata3.00: cmd 60/00:30:00:28:2e/02:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 6 ncq 262144 in
               res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
      [ 1670.547978] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
      [ 1670.547987] ata3: hard resetting link
      [ 1671.039264] ata3: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
      [ 1671.053386] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
      [ 1671.053444] ata3: EH complete
      [ 2422.512002] md: md0: recovery done.
      [ 2422.547344] md: recovery of RAID array md1
      [ 2422.547355] md: minimum _guaranteed_  speed: 1000 KB/sec/disk.
      [ 2422.547360] md: using maximum available idle IO bandwidth (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for recovery.
      [ 2422.547378] md: using 128k window, over a total of 4877312k.
      [ 2422.668465] RAID1 conf printout:
      [ 2422.668474]  --- wd:2 rd:2
      [ 2422.668480]  disk 0, wo:0, o:1, dev:sda3
      [ 2422.668486]  disk 1, wo:0, o:1, dev:sdb3
      [ 2469.990451] md: md1: recovery done.
      [ 2470.049986] RAID1 conf printout:
      [ 2470.049997]  --- wd:2 rd:2
      [ 2470.050003]  disk 0, wo:0, o:1, dev:sda1
      [ 2470.050009]  disk 1, wo:0, o:1, dev:sdb1
      [ 3304.445149] PM: Hibernation mode set to 'platform'
      [ 3304.782375] PM: Syncing filesystems ... done.
      [ 3307.028591] Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.001 seconds) done.
      (...)
hard-disk  smart 
— 用户名
source
1
这可能与SATA或电源线损坏，或者电源故障有关。
— 托马斯
1
我也看到过坏控制器冻结并需要重置的情况。
— 史蒂芬·哈里斯
1
我为这个问题添加了一个答案，其中包括相似但不相同的dmesg输出，例如（SD 1：0：0：0：拒绝I / O脱机设备和EXT4-fs警告）我认为这些将有助于人们搜索该问题。即使答案不符合unix.stackexchange.com/help/deleted-answers上说明的任何原因，该答案也已删除。我在/ home上安装的SSD上遇到了问题。我尝试断开并重新连接电源线和SATA电缆，但错误仍然存​​在。幸运的是我有一条备用SATA电缆。更换SATA电缆后，我没有任何错误，并且此问题没有再次发生。
— htaccess

Answers:

22

首先，请记住，SMART说，你的驱动器是健康并不一定意味着该驱动器是健康的。SMART报告是一种帮助，不是绝对的真理。

如果您只对做什么感兴趣，而不是为什么做，请随意滚动至最后几段；但是，该临时文本将告诉您为什么我认为我的建议是正确的行动方针，以及如何从您发布的内容中得出建议。

话虽如此，让我们看看这些错误告诉我们什么。

[ 1670.547805] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x50 SAct 0x7f SErr 0x280900 action 0x6 frozen
[ 1670.547812] ata3.00: irq_stat 0x08000000, interface fatal error
[ 1670.547820] ata3: SError: { UnrecovData HostInt 10B8B BadCRC }
[ 1670.547826] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[ 1670.547839] ata3.00: cmd 60/80:00:00:1f:2e/01:00:0c:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 196608 in
           res 40/00:2c:00:26:2e/00:00:0c:00:00/40 Emask 0x50 (ATA bus error)
[ 1670.547846] ata3.00: status: { DRDY }
[ 1670.547852] ata3.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED

（我希望我得到了应该一起使用的零件，但是您得到了一大堆，所以无论哪种方式都可以。）

在Linux的ATA Wiki有解释如何阅读这些错误页面。尤其，

  • 一个status有价值的DRDY手段“设备准备就绪。正常情况下1，当一切都OK。” 看到状态值DRDY完全是正常现象，而且是预期的。
  • SError 具有多个组件值，您正在其中看到（在此特定代码段中）：
    • UnrecovData “发生数据完整性错误，接口未恢复”
    • HostInt “主机总线适配器内部错误”
    • 10B8B “发生10b至8b解码错误”
    • BadCRC “发生链路层CRC错误”

10b8b编码将8位编码为10位，以帮助进行信号同步和错误检测，它用于物理电缆上，而不必用于驱动器本身。该驱动器最有可能使用其他形式的FEC或ECC编码，并且该错误通常会以某种形式的I / O错误显示，并可能具有error值UNC（“不可纠正的错误-通常是由于磁盘上的坏扇区引起的”） ，可能在该行末尾的括号中带有“媒体错误”（“软件检测到媒体错误”）res。后者不是您所看到的，因此尽管我们不能完全排除它，但似乎不太可能。

“链接层”是驱动器自己的控制器与磁盘驱动器接口芯片（可能是计算机主板南桥的一部分，但可以位于外接HBA上）之间的物理电缆和电路板走线。

主机总线适配器（也称为HBA）是连接到存储设备的电路。也俗称“磁盘控制器”，这个术语在现代系统中有点用词不当。HBA中最明显的部分通常是连接端口，最近最常见的是SATA或某些SAS规格。

在UnrecovData和HostInt标志基本上告诉我们，“一些刚去可怕的错误，并且没有办法恢复或恢复没有尝试”。相反的可能是RecovData，它指示“发生了数据完整性错误，但接口已恢复”。（顺便说一句，我可能会用HBAInt代替HostInt，因为“主机”是指HBA，而不是整个系统。）

的组合10B8B和BadCRC，这都指向物理链路层，让我怀疑是电缆的问题。

这种怀疑还得到了以下事实的支持：除了状态报告外，SMART自检完全在驱动器内部，没有发现制造商认为足够严重的错误可以保证报告结果。如果驱动器在存储或读取数据时遇到问题，则特别应该进行长时间的SMART自检。

TL; DR：

因此，我要做的第一件事就是简单地拔掉两端的SATA电缆，然后重新插入。它可能会稍微松动，导致其间断失去电接触。查看是否可以解决问题。甚至值得对计算机中的所有SATA电缆执行此操作，而不仅仅是受影响的磁盘。如果您使用的是外接HBA，则我还将卸下并重新安装该卡，主要是因为在您已经弄乱电缆的情况下，尝试该操作很容易。

如果失败，请尝试扔掉并更换SATA电缆，最好使用高质量的电缆。高质量的电缆会稍微贵一些，但是我发现，如果它能避免类似的麻烦，通常花一点点额外的钱是值得的。没人喜欢看到他们的存储错误！

— 简历
source
2
我拔下并重新插入了SATA电缆，它解决了问题。谢谢！
— user983447 '16
@ user983447很高兴我能够提供帮助！
— CVn
0

就我而言，我注意到我已经在两个不同的磁盘控制器上插入了两个磁盘：第一个是PCI-Express，第二个是普通PCI。当我将两个RAID磁盘插入同一控制器时，我摆脱了BadCRC错误。

— 菲兹·法拉宗
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那么，当该控制器死亡时，它将同时带走两个磁盘吗？
— roaima
是的，但是磁盘死于的可能性远大于控制器。另外，最好不要使用PCI控制器，而要使用高速PCI-Express控制器。
— PHZ.fi-Pharazon
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