软件更新和升级之间有什么区别？

有人说“更新”是针对小的更改，“升级”是针对大型的更改。我对软件更新和升级非常困惑。以及何时应该使用更新与何时应该使用升级。

有人可以在软件包管理器中解释这些术语之间的区别吗？

Ubuntu / Debian等使用 apt-get：

您应该先跑步update，然后upgrade。他们两个都不会自动运行另一个。

• apt-get update 更新可用软件包及其版本的列表，但不会安装或升级任何软件包。
• apt-get upgrade实际上会安装您拥有的软件包的较新版本。更新列表后，程序包管理器将了解您已安装软件的可用更新。这就是为什么您首先要update。

- 来源。

但是，在使用yum的Red Hat / CentOS中，该命令将询问您是否要应用发现的更新。update

$ sudo yum更新

获取所有可用更新的列表，并询问您是否要应用它们。像这样：

 [..] 
 kf5-sonnet-core                            x86_64                   5.33.0-1.el7                                    epel                   150 k
 kf5-sonnet-ui                              x86_64                   5.33.0-1.el7                                    epel                   141 k

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade  52 Packages

Total size: 15 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: 

当您的朋友将update称为“小更改”而将升级称为“大更改”时，他实际上是指upgrade和dist-upgrade之间的区别。

从apt-get手册中：

   upgrade
       upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages
       currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in
       /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new
       versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no
       circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages
       not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
       currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without
       changing the install status of another package will be left at
       their current version. An update must be performed first so that
       apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.

   dist-upgrade
       dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade,
       also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions
       of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and
       it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the
       expense of less important ones if necessary. The dist-upgrade
       command may therefore remove some packages. The
       /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which
       to retrieve desired package files. See also apt_preferences(5) for
       a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual
       packages.