连接具有匹配列的两个文件

File1.txt

    id                            No
    gi|371443199|gb|JH556661.1| 7907290
    gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1| 7573913
    gi|371443197|gb|JH556663.1| 7384412
    gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1| 6931777

File2.txt

 id                              P       R       S
 gi|367088741|gb|AGAJ01056324.1| 5       5       0
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|     2       2       0
 gi|367090281|gb|AGAJ01054784.1| 4       4       0
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|     21      19      2

output.txt

 id                              P       R       S  NO
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|     2       2       0  7573913
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|     21      19      2  6931777

File1.txt有两列，而File2.txt有四列。我想加入两个具有唯一ID的文件（array [1]应该在两个文件（file1.txt和file2.txt）中都匹配，并且只给输出匹配的ID（请参见output.txt）。

我试过了join -v <(sort file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)。请求有关awk或join命令的任何帮助。

join 效果很好：

$ join <(sort File1.txt) <(sort File2.txt) | column -t | tac
 id                           No       P   R   S
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  7573913  2   2   0
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  6931777  21  19  2

ps。输出列顺序重要吗？

如果是，请使用：

$ join <(sort 1) <(sort 2) | tac | awk '{print $1,$3,$4,$5,$2}' | column -t
 id                           P   R   S  No
 gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  2   2   0  7573913
 gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  21  19  2  6931777

一种使用方式awk：

内容script.awk：

## Process first file of arguments. Save 'id' as key and 'No' as value
## of a hash.
FNR == NR {
    if ( FNR == 1 ) { 
        header = $2
        next
    }   
    hash[ $1 ] = $2
    next
}

## Process second file of arguments. Print header in first line and for
## the rest check if first field is found in the hash.
FNR < NR {
    if ( $1 in hash || FNR == 1 ) { 
        printf "%s %s\n", $0, ( FNR == 1 ? header : hash[ $1 ] ) 
    }   
}

像这样运行：

awk -f script.awk File1.txt File2.txt | column -t

结果如下：

id                           P   R   S  NO
gi|371443198|gb|JH556662.1|  2   2   0  7573913
gi|371440577|gb|JH559283.1|  21  19  2  6931777