从Debian 9稳定版升级到Debian 10测试后的整个夏天,我注意到一个问题:PulseAudio不再识别我的Intel HDA音频设备。当时我能够切换到通过nVidia HDMI连接的显示器的音频,因此我回避了问题,希望将来进行更新以解决该问题。他们没有。很快过去了几个月,我已经重新布置了工作区,现在需要让Intel HDA重新工作。
到目前为止,这是我看过的东西
Debian 10测试
内核看到它:
# dmesg | grep HDA
[ +0.005509] input: HDA Intel PCH Front Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input17
[ +0.000073] input: HDA Intel PCH Rear Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input18
[ +0.000057] input: HDA Intel PCH Line as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input19
[ +0.000054] input: HDA Intel PCH Line Out Front as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input20
[ +0.000052] input: HDA Intel PCH Line Out Surround as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input21
[ +0.000051] input: HDA Intel PCH Line Out CLFE as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input22
[ +0.000053] input: HDA Intel PCH Line Out Side as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input23
[ +0.000058] input: HDA Intel PCH Front Headphone as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input24
[followed by NVidia HDMI audio devices that are recognized]
# lspci -nnk | grep -A2 Audio
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller [8086:1e20] (rev 04)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller [1458:a002]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
[followed by NVidia HDMI audio devices that are recognized]
ALSA看到了:
# aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: Generic Analog [Generic Analog]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: Generic Digital [Generic Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
[followed by NVidia HDMI audio devices that are recognized]
# aplay -L | grep PCH
default:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
iec958:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Digital
dmix:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
dmix:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Digital
dsnoop:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
dsnoop:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Digital
hw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
hw:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Digital
plughw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Analog
plughw:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, Generic Digital
扬声器测试正常播放音频,而播放-D默认则正常播放:CARD = PCH /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Left.wav
但是PulseAudio完全看不到该设备:
$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <auto_null>
driver: <module-null-sink.c>
flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 1000
volume: front-left: 55705 / 85% / -4.24 dB, front-right: 55705 / 85% / -4.24 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0.00 ms
max request: 344 KiB
max rewind: 344 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
module: 16
properties:
device.description = "Dummy Output"
device.class = "abstract"
device.icon_name = "audio-card"
当我转到“声音设置”时,我看到的只是虚拟输出设备。(此处不再列出nVidia设备,因为在进行重新排列时,我使用的是另一台没有音频的监视器,因此当前没有连接HDMI音频设备。)
我试图清除PulseAudio配置,以为我可能会通过以下方式遗留一些遗留问题:
rm ~/.pulse/* ~/.config/pulse/*
Debian 9稳定版
我在这台仍在运行Debian 9稳定版的计算机上有另一个分区,其中Intel HDA在PulseAudio下工作,并且ALSA驱动程序与Debian 10确实存在差异,因此以下是我注意到的差异...
# aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC887-VD Analog [ALC887-VD Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: ALC887-VD Digital [ALC887-VD Digital]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
# aplay -L | grep PCH
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
iec958:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Digital
dmix:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
dmix:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Digital
dsnoop:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
dsnoop:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Digital
hw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
hw:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Digital
plughw:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Analog
plughw:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
HDA Intel PCH, ALC887-VD Digital
当然,Debian 9在PulseAudio中看到了英特尔HDA:
$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 2
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.iec958-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY FLAT_VOLUME DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9958
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 24.26 ms
max request: 4 KiB
max rewind: 344 KiB
monitor source: 3
sample spec: s16le 2ch 48000Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 25.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 1837.50 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 7
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC887-VD Digital"
alsa.id = "ALC887-VD Digital"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "1"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf5130000 irq 30"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "iec958:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "iec958-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (IEC958)"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Digital Stereo (IEC958)"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC887-VD"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0887,1458a002,00100302"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
active port: <iec958-stereo-output>
所以问题很明显:我如何在Debian 10的PulseAudio中使Intel HDA音频再次工作?从配置的角度来看,这是我可以解决的问题,还是ALSA或PulseAudio维护人员需要解决的驱动程序问题?