生成最少的彩票以拥有至少N个好数字

这是一个相当复杂但非常有趣的数学学科（称为“覆盖问题”），

我希望您能帮助您实施它。

想象一下一个彩票游戏，其中每张彩票必须从50个数字（从1到50）中选择5个随机数字。

很容易知道中奖的概率，或者拥有1、2、3或4个好数字的概率。

“生成”具有1、2、3、4个良好数字的所有票证也很容易。

我的问题（和代码挑战）与此有关，但略有不同：

我想买一些彩票（尽可能少的），例如我的至少一张彩票有3个好数字。

挑战

您的目标是以任何语言实现这样的通用解决方案（作为程序或只是函数）：

// Input: 3 prameters
min_lottery_tickets(total_numbers_to_choose_from, how_many_numbers_to_choose, how_many_good_numbers_i_want)

对于上面的示例，只需调用：

min_lottery_tickets(50, 5, 3)

该程序将生成最小的票证集合以实现此目标。

例：

 min_lottery_tickets(10, 5, 2)

将输出7张票，例如：

1   2   3   4   5
5   6   7   8   9
10  1   2   6   7
10  3   4   8   9
3   4   6   7   8
1   2   3   8   9
1   4   9   5   10

因为这样的票足以覆盖从1到10的任何一对数字。

输出量

文字，每张票一行，表格或数字之间的空格

谁赢

效率最高的程序获胜（即，针对上述参数生成票证最少的程序）：

min_lottery_tickets(50, 5, 3)

谢谢！

我知道这不是最佳方法，但这是node.js中的代码：

function min_lottery_tickets(total_numbers_to_choose_from, how_many_numbers_to_choose, how_many_good_numbers_i_want) {
    c(function(result) {
        var other = result[result.length - 1];
        while (result.length < how_many_numbers_to_choose) {
            other++;
            var already = false;
            for (var i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                if (other === result[i]) {
                    already = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!already) {
                result.push(other);            
            }
        }
        if (other <= total_numbers_to_choose_from) {
            // Print results
            console.log(result);
        }
    }, total_numbers_to_choose_from, how_many_good_numbers_i_want);
}

function c(next, total_numbers, length, start, results) {
    if (!start) start = 1;
    if (!results) results = [];

    for (var i = start; i <= total_numbers + 1 - length; i++) {
        var resultsNew = results.slice(0);
        resultsNew.push(i);
        if (length > 1) {
            c(next, total_numbers, length - 1, i + 1, resultsNew);
        } else {
            next(resultsNew);
        }
    }
}

一些示例结果：

> min_lottery_tickets(5, 3, 2)
[ 1, 2, 3 ]
[ 1, 3, 4 ]
[ 1, 4, 5 ]
[ 2, 3, 4 ]
[ 2, 4, 5 ]
[ 3, 4, 5 ]

其他：

> min_lottery_tickets(10, 5, 2)
[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
[ 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]
[ 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 1, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 1, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]
[ 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 2, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 3, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]

其他：

> min_lottery_tickets(10, 5, 3)
[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
[ 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 ]
[ 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 1, 2, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 1, 2, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 2, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]
[ 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 1, 3, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 1, 3, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 3, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 1, 4, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 1, 4, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 4, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 1, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 1, 5, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 5, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 1, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 1, 6, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 1, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ]
[ 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 2, 4, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 2, 4, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 2, 5, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 2, 5, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 2, 6, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 2, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]
[ 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 3, 4, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 3, 5, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 3, 6, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 3, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ]
[ 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 4, 5, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 4, 6, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ]
[ 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]
[ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ]