您的任务是建立一种算法（程序或函数），以优化将水果从传送带包装到袋子中并发送给零售商的过程，从而优化最大数量的袋子。

每个袋子必须至少具有一定的重量，但是任何多余的重量都会损失利润，因为该重量可用于填充另一个袋子。您的装袋机始终将n水果排在前列，并且只能选择将这些n水果中的任何一种添加到正在处理的（单个）袋子中。它不能超出n队列中的第一个元素。该程序始终准确知道袋子中已经有多少重量。

可视化的另一种方法是在传送带n的末端装上一个尺寸大小的装载区，在该传送带上必须在新水果到达之前从中取出水果。丢弃所有剩余的水果和末尾的未装满袋子。

输入项

• 队列中水果的权重列表/数组（正整数）
• 袋子的最小总重量（正整数）
• 前瞻n（正整数）

输出量

您的算法应以所有适合您和您的语言的方式为所有袋子返回水果中的重量，无论是标准输入还是返回值或其他。您应该能够在计算机上在一分钟内运行该程序并计算分数。

例

Total weight 1000, lookahead of 3 and fruit queue: 
[171,163,172,196,156,175,162,176,155,182,189,142,161,160,152,162,174,172,191,185]

One possible output (indented to show how the lookahead affects the bagging):
[171,163,172,    156,175,    176]
                        [162,    155,182,189,    161,160]
                                                        [152,162,174,172,191,185]

计分

我将为您准备的10000个橙子批次在六次运行中测试您的算法，并且前瞻性从2到7（包括两端）。您应将它们包装在重量至少为1000个的袋子中。橘子的平均重量为170，标准偏差为13（如果有帮助的话）。

您的得分将是六次跑步的总和。最高分获胜。不允许出现标准漏洞。

Haskell中的简单示例实现和测试套件样板

Python 3，9964 9981袋

该解决方案的思想与Jonathan，JayCe和fortraan的思想相似，但具有评分功能=）

此解决方案根据追加了超前区域的最佳子集score。

score 使用以下方案在子集上提供顺序：

• 一个子集完成一个袋子比不一个子集更好
• 如果一个子集完成的袋子多余的重量更少，那么它比另一个子集更好
• 如果一个子集没有完成装袋，则其子集的平均值更接近于预期的装袋子集

expected_mean 试图预测其余值应该是什么样（假设它们的选择是最佳的）。

UPD：

这是另一种观察结果：您可以将最佳子集中的任何橙子放入袋中，而不会影响算法的性能。移动任何部分仍然可以让其余部分随后移动，并且如果计分正确，则其余部分仍应是最佳选择（没有新的橙色）。此外，通过这种方式，有机会通过在填充袋子之前看到更多的橘子来动态地改善放入袋子中的候选对象集。而且您想了解尽可能多的信息，因此在任何给定时间将一个以上的橙色袋搬到袋子里都是没有意义的。

import itertools as it
import math
from functools import partial
from collections import Counter


mean, std = 170, 13


def powerset(list_, max_items):
    return it.chain.from_iterable(it.combinations(list_, r) for r in range(1, max_items + 1))


def expected_mean(w):
    spread = std * 1
    return max(mean - spread, min(mean + spread, w / max(1, round(w / mean))))


def score(weight_needed, candidate):
    c_sum = sum(candidate)
    c_mean = c_sum / len(candidate)
    if c_sum >= weight_needed:
        return int(-2e9) + c_sum - weight_needed
    return abs(expected_mean(weight_needed) - c_mean)


def f(oranges, min_bag_weight, lookahead):
    check = Counter(oranges)

    oranges = oranges.copy()
    result = []
    bag = []

    while oranges:
        weight_needed = min_bag_weight - sum(bag)

        lookahead_area = oranges[:lookahead]
        tail = oranges[lookahead:]

        to_add = min(powerset(lookahead_area, lookahead),
                     key=partial(score, weight_needed))
        to_add = min(powerset(to_add, 1),
                     key=partial(score, weight_needed))

        bag.extend(to_add)
        for x in to_add:
            lookahead_area.remove(x)
        oranges = lookahead_area + tail

        if sum(bag) >= min_bag_weight:
            result.append(bag)
            bag = []

    assert check == Counter(oranges) + Counter(bag) + sum(map(Counter, result), Counter())

    return result


if __name__ == '__main__':
    with open('oranges') as file:
        oranges = list(map(int, file))
    res = [f(oranges, 1000, l) for l in range(2, 7+1)]
    print(sum(map(len, res)))

试试吧！

Python 3，9796袋

基于乔纳森的答案：

import itertools as it

def powerset(iterable):
    s = list(iterable)
    return it.chain.from_iterable(it.combinations(s, r) for r in range(len(s)+1))

def f(a,m,l):
 r=[];b=[]
 while a:
  c =  min(list(powerset(a[:l])),key=lambda w: abs(sum(b)+sum(w)-m))
  if sum(c)==0:
   c = a[:l]
  b+=[a.pop(a.index(min(c,key=lambda w: abs(sum(b)+w-m))))]
  if sum(b)>=m:r+=[b];b=[]
 return r

这依赖于itertool食谱中的powerset。首先基于最小化所有子集与目标权重的差异来找到缓冲区的最佳子集，然后基于相同标准从该子集中选择一个元素。如果没有，则从整个缓冲区中选择最佳子集。

C ++ 17，9961.58 _{（一些随机种子的平均值）}

（如果您不了解C ++，请向下滚动以获取解释）

#include<iostream>

#include<vector>
#include<random>

std::mt19937 engine(279); // random engine
// random distribution of the oranges
std::normal_distribution dist (170.,13.);

int constexpr N_NEW_ORANGES=7;

/** Input format: Current remaining weight of the bag (remain) and 
the weight of the oranges (weights)
Output: the index of the orange to be pick.
*/
struct pick_orange{
    std::vector<int>weights,sum_postfix;int remain;

    /// returns {min excess, mask}, (index) is the LSB
    std::pair<int,int> backtrack(int index, int remain) {
        if(sum_postfix[index]<remain)return {1e9,0};
        int min_excess=1e9, good_mask=0;
        for(int next=index;next<N_NEW_ORANGES;++next){
            if(weights[next]==remain){
                return {0, 1<<(next-index)};
            }else if(weights[next]>remain){
                if(weights[next]-remain<min_excess){
                    min_excess=weights[next]-remain;
                    good_mask=1<<(next-index);
                }
            }else{
                auto[excess,mask]=backtrack(next+1,remain-weights[next]);
                if(excess<min_excess){
                    min_excess=excess;
                    good_mask=(mask<<1|1)<<(next-index);
                }
            }
        }
        return {min_excess,good_mask};
    } 

    int ans;

    pick_orange(std::vector<int> weights_,int remain_)
        :weights(std::move(weights_)),remain(remain_){

        int old_size=weights.size();

        std::vector<int> count (N_NEW_ORANGES, 0);
        weights.resize(N_NEW_ORANGES, 0);

        sum_postfix.resize(N_NEW_ORANGES+1);
        sum_postfix.back()=0;

        for(int _=0; _<500; ++_){

            for(int i=old_size;i<N_NEW_ORANGES;++i)
                weights[i] = dist(engine);

            // prepare sum postfix
            for(int i=N_NEW_ORANGES;i-->0;)
                sum_postfix[i]=weights[i]+sum_postfix[i+1];

            // auto[excess,mask]=backtrack(0,remain);
            int mask = backtrack(0,remain).second;

            for(int i=0; 

                mask
                // i < N_NEW_ORANGES

                ; mask>>=1, ++i){

                // if(mask&1)std::cout<<'(';
                // std::cout<<weights[i];
                // if(mask&1)std::cout<<')';
                // std::cout<<' ';

                count[i]+=mask&1;
            }

            // std::cout<<"| "<<remain<<" | "<<excess<<'\n';

        }

        std::vector<double> count_balanced(old_size, -1);
        for(int i=0;i<old_size;++i){
            if(count_balanced[i]>-1)continue;
            int sum=0,amount=0;
            for(int j=i;j<old_size;++j)
                if(weights[j]==weights[i]){sum+=count[j];++amount;}

            double avg=sum;avg/=amount;
            for(int j=i;j<old_size;++j)
                if(weights[j]==weights[i])count_balanced[j]=avg;
        }

        ans=old_size-1;
        for(int i=ans;i-->0;)
            if(count_balanced[i]>count_balanced[ans])ans=i;
        // Fun fact: originally I wrote `<` for `>` here and wonder
        // why the number of bags is even less than that of the
        // randomized algorithm
    }

    operator int()const{return ans;}
};


#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<algorithm>

int main(){
    // read input from the file "data"
    std::ifstream data ("data");
    std::vector<int> weights;
    int weight;while(data>>weight)weights.push_back(weight);

    int constexpr BAG_SIZE=1000;
    int total_n_bag=0;
    for(int lookahead=2;lookahead<=7;++lookahead){
        auto weights1=weights;
        std::reverse(weights1.begin(),weights1.end());

        int remain=BAG_SIZE,n_bag=0;
        std::vector<int> w;
        for(int _=lookahead;_--;){
            w.push_back(weights1.back());
            weights1.pop_back();
        }
        while(!weights1.empty()){
            int index=pick_orange(w,remain);

            remain-=w[index];
            if(remain<=0){
                ++n_bag;remain=BAG_SIZE;

                if(n_bag%100==0)
                    std::cout<<n_bag<<" bags so far..."<<std::endl;
            }
            w[index]=weights1.back();weights1.pop_back();
        }

        while(!w.empty()){
            int index=pick_orange(w,remain);
            remain-=w[index];
            if(remain<=0){++n_bag;remain=BAG_SIZE;}
            w.erase(w.begin()+index);
        }

        std::cout<<"lookahead = "<<lookahead<<", "
            "n_bag = "<<n_bag<<'\n';
        total_n_bag += n_bag;
    }

    std::cout<<"total_n_bag = "<<total_n_bag<<'\n';
}

//有趣的事实：最初我<是>在这里写的，想知道
//为什么袋子的数量比
//随机算法的数量还要少

（如果<基本上使用该算法，则尝试尽量减少袋子数量）

受到这个答案的启发。

TIO链接可重复250次：在线尝试！

定义一个函数（实际上看起来就像一个函数，它是一个结构）pick_orange，给定vector<int> weights橘子int remain的重量和袋子的剩余重量，该函数将返回应采摘的橘子的索引。

算法：

重复500次数会{
生成随机的（伪）橙子（均值170和标准差13的正态分布），直到有N_NEW_ORANGES=7橙子
选择总和最小且不小于remain（该函数backtrack执行此操作）
该子集中的所有橙子的子集标记为好为止
}

平均权重相等的（真实）橙子被标记为优良的橙子
返回最佳橙子的次数

程序中有3个硬编码的常量，不能从问题中得出：

• 随机种子（这并不重要）
• N_NEW_ORANGES（预测长度）。增加它会使程序运行成倍增长的时间（因为回溯）
• 重复次数。增加它会使程序线性地运行更长的时间。

蟒蛇 2，9756袋

让我们滚动橙色...

def f(a,m,l):
 r=[];b=[]
 while a:
  b+=[a.pop(a.index(min(a[:l],key=lambda w:abs(sum(b)+w-m))))]
  if sum(b)>=m:r+=[b];b=[]
 return r

在线尝试！

始终从缓冲液中采摘水果，以最大程度减少新砝码和目标砝码的绝对差。

Python 3，9806袋

以乔纳森（Jonathan）和杰伊（JayCe）的答案为基础：

import itertools as it

def powerset(iterable):
    s = list(iterable)
    return it.chain.from_iterable(it.combinations(s, r) for r in range(len(s)+1))

def f(a,m,l):
 r=[];b=[]
 while a:
  c =  min(list(powerset(list(reversed(sorted(a[:l]))))),key=lambda w: abs((sum(b)+sum(w))-m))
  if sum(c)==0:
   c = a[:l]
  b+=[a.pop(a.index(min(c,key=lambda w: abs((sum(b)+w)-m))))]
  if sum(b)>=m:r+=[b];b=[]
 return r

在线尝试！

怎么运行的

假设袋子中有900个单位，并且有2个水果可用：99个单位水果和101个单位水果。如果99个单位的水果更接近前瞻列表的开头，则min选择它而不是101。如果发生这种情况，我们现在需要另一个水果来满足剩余的1个单位。在这些情况下，我更改了程序以偏爱高价值的水果。

它通过排序然后在功率设置之前反转先行列表来完成此操作。

PHP，9975袋

• 如果可能的话去5个橘子
• 当开始挑选最高价值的行李时，请稍后再平衡
• 如果可能的话，立即装袋
• 尝试使行李重量接近估计曲线（5袋n * 200，6袋n * 167，等等）

在所有提交中最长，但应该可读

class Belt
{
    private $file;
    private $windowSize;
    private $buffer = [];

    public function __construct($filename, $windowSize) {
        $this->file = new \SplFileObject($filename);
        $this->windowSize = $windowSize;
        $this->loadBuffer();
    }

    public function reset($windowSize) {
        $this->file->seek(0);
        $this->windowSize = $windowSize;
        $this->buffer = [];
        $this->loadBuffer();
    }

    public function peekBuffer() {
        return $this->buffer;
    }

    public function pick($index) {
        if (!array_key_exists($index, $this->buffer)) {
            return null;
        }
        $value = $this->buffer[$index];
        unset($this->buffer[$index]);
        $this->buffer = \array_values($this->buffer);
        $this->loadBuffer();
        return $value;
    }

    private function loadBuffer() {
        for ($c = count($this->buffer); $c < $this->windowSize; $c++) {
            if ($this->file->eof()) {
                return;
            }
            $line = $this->file->fgets();
            if (false !== $line && "" !== $line) {
                $this->buffer[] = trim($line);
            }
        }
    }
}

class Packer
{

    const BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT = 1000;
    const MEAN_WEIGHT = 170;
    const MEAN_COUNT = 6; //ceil(self::BAG_WEIGHT/self::MEAN_WEIGHT);
    const MEAN_TARGET_WEIGHT = 167; //ceil(self::BAG_WEIGHT/self::MEAN_COUNT);

    public static function pack(Belt $belt, Picker $picker) {
        $bag = ["oranges" => [], "buffers" => []];
        $bags = [];
        while ($oranges = $belt->peekBuffer()) {

            $index = $picker->pick($oranges, \array_sum($bag["oranges"]));
            $orange = $belt->pick($index);
            $bag["oranges"][] = $orange;
            $bag["buffers"][] = $oranges;

            if (\array_sum($bag["oranges"]) >= self::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT) {
                $bags[] = $bag;
                $bag = ["oranges" => [], "buffers" => []];
            }
        }
        return $bags;
    }
}

class Base
{
    public static function bestPermutation($elements, $weight = 0) {
        if (\array_sum($elements) < Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT - $weight) {
            return null;
        }
        $permute = function ($weight, $elements) use (&$permute) {
            if ($weight >= Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT) {
                return [];
            }
            $best = \PHP_INT_MAX;
            $bestElements = [];
            foreach ($elements as $key => $value) {
                $sum = $weight + $value;
                $els = [$value];
                if ($sum < Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT) {
                    $subSet = $elements;
                    unset($subSet[$key]);
                    $els = $permute($weight + $value, $subSet);
                    $els[] = $value;
                    $sum = $weight + \array_sum($els);
                }
                if ($sum >= Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT && $sum < $best) {
                    $best = $sum;
                    $bestElements = $els;
                }
            }
            return $bestElements;
        };
        $best = $permute($weight, $elements);

        return $best;
    }

    public function pickLightestOutOfHeavierThan($buffer, $targetWeight) {
        $b = -1;
        $bW = PHP_INT_MAX;
        foreach ($buffer as $key => $value) {
            if ($targetWeight <= $value && $value < $bW) {
                $b = $key;
                $bW = $value;
            }
        }
        return $b;
    }

    public function pickClosestTo($buffer, $targetWeight) {
        $b = -1;
        $bW = PHP_INT_MAX;
        foreach ($buffer as $key => $value) {
            $diff = \abs($targetWeight - $value);
            if ($diff < $bW) {
                $b = $key;
                $bW = $diff;
            }
        }
        return $b;
    }

    public function pickFurthestFrom($buffer, $targetWeight) {
        $b = -1;
        $bW = \PHP_INT_MIN;
        foreach ($buffer as $key => $value) {
            $diff = \abs($targetWeight - $value);
            if ($diff > $bW) {
                $b = $key;
                $bW = $diff;
            }
        }
        return $b;
    }

    public function findMax($buffer) {
        $i = -1;
        $m = 0;
        foreach ($buffer as $k => $v) {
            if ($v > $m) {
                $m = $v;
                $i = $k;
            }
        }
        return $i;
    }

    public function findMin($buffer) {
        $i = -1;
        $m = \PHP_INT_MAX;
        foreach ($buffer as $k => $v) {
            if ($v < $m) {
                $m = $v;
                $i = $k;
            }
        }
        return $i;
    }

    public function minimalOrangeCount($buffer, $weight) {
        $elementsToAdd = ceil((Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT - $weight) / Packer::MEAN_WEIGHT);
        $buffer = \array_merge($buffer,
            \array_fill(0, \floor($elementsToAdd / 2), Packer::MEAN_WEIGHT - 7),
            \array_fill(0, \floor($elementsToAdd / 2), Packer::MEAN_WEIGHT + 7),
            \array_fill(0, $elementsToAdd - \floor($elementsToAdd / 2) * 2, Packer::MEAN_WEIGHT)
        );
        \rsort($buffer);
        $orangeCount = 0;
        foreach ($buffer as $w) {
            $weight += $w;
            $orangeCount++;
            if ($weight >= Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT) {
                return $orangeCount;
            }
        }
        return $orangeCount + (Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT - $weight) / Packer::MEAN_WEIGHT;
    }
}


class Picker extends Base
{
    public function pick($buffer, $weight) {
        $weightNeeded = Packer::BAG_TARGET_WEIGHT - $weight;

        $minimalOrangeCount = $this->minimalOrangeCount($buffer, $weight);
        $orangeTargetWeight = ceil($weightNeeded / $minimalOrangeCount);

        if (0 === $weight) {
            $mean = \array_sum($buffer) / count($buffer);
            if ($mean > $orangeTargetWeight) {
                return $this->findMin($buffer);
            } elseif ($mean < $orangeTargetWeight) {
                return $this->findMax($buffer);
            }
            return $this->pickFurthestFrom($buffer, $orangeTargetWeight);
        }

        $i = $this->pickLightestOutOfHeavierThan($buffer, $weightNeeded);
        if (-1 !== $i) {
            return $i;
        }
        $i = $this->pickClosestTo($buffer, $orangeTargetWeight);
        return -1 !== $i ? $i : 0;
    }
}

$bagCount = 0;
$belt = new Belt(__DIR__ . "/oranges.txt", 0);
for ($l = 2; $l <= 7; $l++) {
    $belt->reset($l);
    $bags = Packer::pack($belt, new Picker());
    $bagCount += count($bags);
    printf("%d -> %d\n", $l, count($bags));
}
echo "Total: $bagCount\n";

2-> 1645 3-> 1657 4-> 1663 5-> 1667 6-> 1671 7-> 1672总计：9975

试试吧

Python 3，9855 9928 9947 9956 9964袋

基于Jonathan Allan的入门代码，但不可读。

想法：由于1000/170 = 5.88，我们尝试选择接近1000/6的水果（我用魔术常数摆弄）。但是，如果袋子中的最后一个水果可以最大程度地减少浪费，我们可以使用它来代替。

该解决方案为每个添加的水果设定了袋装总和目标。我可能会在这里停止。我用Nelder-Mead找到我的targets数组：

[  165.79534144   343.58443287   522.58081597   680.76516204   845.93431713 1063.17204861]

def f(a, m, l, targets):
    bags = []
    bag = []
    bag_sum = 0
    while a:
        buffer = a[:l]
        finishers = tuple(filter(lambda w: bag_sum + w >= m, buffer))
        if finishers:
            next_fruits = [min(finishers)]

        else:
            ind = len(bag)
            next_fruits = [min(buffer, key=lambda w: abs(targets[ind]-bag_sum-w))]

        for next_fruit in next_fruits:
            bag.append(a.pop(a.index(next_fruit)))
            bag_sum += bag[-1]

        if sum(bag) >= m:
            bags.append(bag)
            bag = []  # Reset bag
            bag_sum = 0

    return bags

9956包

from itertools import combinations

def f(a,m,l):
    bags = []
    bag = []
    while a:
        buffer = a[:l]
        next_fruit = None
        single_fruit = True

        finishers = [w for w in buffer if sum(bag) + w >= m ]
        if finishers: next_fruit = min(finishers)

        if not next_fruit:
            if len(buffer) >= 4 and sum(bag) < 600:
                next_fruits = min(combinations(buffer, 2), key=
                                  lambda ws: abs(2*169-sum(ws)))
                for fruit in next_fruits:
                    bag.append(a.pop(a.index(fruit)))

                single_fruit = False  # Skip adding single fruit

            else:
                next_fruit = min(buffer, key=lambda w: abs(171.5-w))

        if single_fruit:
            bag.append(a.pop(a.index(next_fruit)))

        if sum(bag)>=m:
            bags.append(bag)
            bag = []

    return bags


oranges = [int(x.strip()) for x in open("fruit.txt").readlines()]
bagLists = []
for lookahead in (2,3,4,5,6,7):
    bagLists.append(f(oranges[:], 1000, lookahead))


totalBagsOver1000 = sum(map(len, bagLists))
print('bags: ', (totalBagsOver1000))

在9947袋方案是特别简单：

def f(a,m,l):
    bags = []
    bag = []
    while a:
        buffer = a[:l]
        next_fruit = None

        finishers = [w for w in buffer if sum(bag) + w >= m ]
        if finishers: next_fruit = min(finishers)

        if not next_fruit:
            next_fruit = min(buffer, key=lambda w: abs(171.5-w))

        bag.append(a.pop(a.index(next_fruit)))

        if sum(bag)>=m:
            bags.append(bag)
            bag = []

    return bags

红宝石，9967袋

def pick a, n
  if a.sum < n
    #return a.max
    d = n % 170
    return a.min_by{|w|
      [(w - d).abs, (w - d - 170).abs].min
    }
  end
  
  subsets = (0..a.length).map do |i|
    a.combination(i).to_a
  end.flatten(1)
  
  subsets.select!{|s|s.sum >= n}
  least_overkill = subsets.min_by{|s|s.sum}
  #puts "best: #{least_overkill.sort}"
  return least_overkill.min
end

def run list, weight, n
  bags = 0
  in_bag = 0
  while list.size > 0
    x = pick(list[0...n], weight - in_bag)
    i = list.index(x)
    raise new Exeption("not a valid weight") if(!i || i >= n)
    list.delete_at i
    in_bag += x
    if in_bag >= weight
      #puts in_bag
      in_bag = 0
      bags += 1
    end
  end
  return bags
end

在线尝试！

如果您有足够的重量来装满袋子，请找到可以装满袋子的最轻的子集，并使用该子集中最亮的橙色。否则，使剩余重量尽可能接近170的倍数。

球拍/方案，9880袋

要确定要添加到袋子中的哪一块水果，请将最佳袋子重量与带有其他水果的袋子重量进行比较。如果是最佳重量，请使用它。如果超重，请尽量减少过量。如果重量过轻，请在设法留出最佳差距后将多余的量减至最小。

;; types

(define-struct bagger (fruit look tray bag bags)) ; fruit bagger

;; constants

(define MBW 1000) ; minimum bag weight
(define AFW 170) ; average piece-of-fruit weight
(define GAP (- MBW AFW)) ; targeted gap
(define FRUIT (file->list "fruit-supply.txt")) ; supplied fruit

;; utility functions

(define (weigh-it ls)
  (if (empty? ls)
      0
      (+ (car ls) (weigh-it (cdr ls)))))

(define (ref-to-car ls ref)
  (if (zero? ref)
      ls
      (let ((elem (list-ref ls ref)))
        (cons elem (remove elem ls)))))

;; predicates

(define (bag-empty? bgr) (empty? (bagger-bag bgr)))
(define (bag-full? bgr) (>= (weigh-it (bagger-bag bgr)) MBW))
(define (fruit-empty? bgr) (empty? (bagger-fruit bgr)))
(define (tray-empty? bgr) (empty? (bagger-tray bgr)))
(define (tray-full? bgr) (= (length (bagger-tray bgr)) (bagger-look bgr)))
(define (target-not-set? target value) (and (empty? target) (empty? value)))

;; pick best piece of fruit

(define (pf-rec tray bag i target value diff)
  (if (or (target-not-set? target value) (< diff value))
      (pick-fruit (cdr tray) bag (add1 i) i diff)
      (pick-fruit (cdr tray) bag (add1 i) target value)))

(define (pick-fruit tray bag i target value)
  (if (empty? tray)
      target
      (let ((weight (weigh-it (cons (car tray) bag))))
        (cond
          ((= weight MBW) i)
          ((> weight MBW) (pf-rec tray bag i target value (- weight MBW)))
          ((< weight MBW)
           (if (> weight GAP)
               (pf-rec tray bag i target value (- weight GAP))
               (pf-rec tray bag i target value (modulo (- MBW weight) AFW))))))))

;; load tray, bag, bags, etc.

(define (load-bag bgr)
  (let* ((tray (bagger-tray bgr))
         (bag (bagger-bag bgr))
         (weight (+ (weigh-it tray) (weigh-it bag))))
    (if (= weight MBW)
        (struct-copy bagger bgr
                     (tray empty)
                     (bag (append tray bag)))
        (let ((new-tray (ref-to-car tray (pick-fruit tray bag 0 empty empty))))
          (struct-copy bagger bgr
                       (tray (cdr new-tray))
                       (bag (cons (car new-tray) bag)))))))

(define (load-bags bgr)
  (struct-copy bagger bgr
               (bag empty)
               (bags (cons (bagger-bag bgr) (bagger-bags bgr)))))

(define (load-tray bgr)
  (struct-copy bagger bgr
               (fruit (cdr (bagger-fruit bgr)))
               (tray (cons (car (bagger-fruit bgr)) (bagger-tray bgr)))))

;; run the bagger factory

(define (run-bagger-aux bgr)
  (cond
    ((bag-full? bgr) (run-bagger-aux (load-bags bgr)))
    ((bag-empty? bgr)
     (cond
       ((tray-full? bgr) (run-bagger-aux (load-bag bgr)))
       ((tray-empty? bgr)
        (if (fruit-empty? bgr)
            (length (bagger-bags bgr))
            (run-bagger-aux (load-tray bgr))))
       (else
        (if (fruit-empty? bgr)
            (run-bagger-aux (load-bag bgr))
            (run-bagger-aux (load-tray bgr))))))
    (else
     (cond
       ((tray-full? bgr) (run-bagger-aux (load-bag bgr)))
       ((tray-empty? bgr)
        (if (fruit-empty? bgr)
            (run-bagger-aux (load-bags bgr))
            (run-bagger-aux (load-tray bgr))))
       (else
        (if (fruit-empty? bgr)
            (run-bagger-aux (load-bag bgr))
            (run-bagger-aux (load-tray bgr))))))))

(define (run-bagger fruit look)
  (run-bagger-aux (make-bagger fruit look empty empty empty)))

;; stackexchange problem run

(define (run-problem fruit looks)
  (if (empty? looks)
      0
      (+ (run-bagger fruit (car looks)) (run-problem fruit (cdr looks)))))

(run-problem FRUIT '(2 3 4 5 6 7)) ; result = 9880

Haskell，9777包

这是我的第一次尝试：

• 它会尽可能地贪婪地用一个批次装满一个袋子，
• 或在无法取出时将所有橘子冲进袋子。

options[]=[(0,([],[]))]
options(first:rest)=[option|(sum,(now,later))<-options rest,
 option<-[(sum+first,(first:now,later)),(sum,(now,first:later))]]
bags _[_]_=[]
bags(w_sum,w_bag)(w_kilo:w_iyts)w_view=
 let(w_take,w_remd)=splitAt(w_view)w_iyts;
     w_fill=filter((>=(w_kilo-w_sum)).fst)(options w_take)
 in if null w_fill then bags(w_sum+sum w_take,w_bag++w_take)(w_kilo:w_remd)w_view
    else let(_,(w_now,w_later))=minimum w_fill in
         (w_bag++w_now):bags(0,[])(w_kilo:w_later++w_remd)w_view
main=print.sum$map(length.bags(0,[])(1000:batch))[2..7]

在线尝试！

Haskell，9981袋

该Angs → 乔纳森·艾伦 → JayCe → fortraan → 亚历 → 罗马Czyborra codegolf蟒蛇可能环化回哈斯克尔沿思想相同的主要列车增加了一些数学纯度

• 在考虑添加新的橙子之前，只能解雇一个橙子
• 偏见更喜欢充足的水果（(<miss)==False<True）
• 偏向喜欢接近最可能的整数填充的水果

• 对于该整数，请
  (m-n)/sqrt(n)==(n+1-m)/sqrt(n+1) <==> n=sqrt(m^2-1/4)-1/2 从https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum_of_normally_distributed_random_variables反转

  

有一些不必要的经验

subsets[]=[[]];subsets(f:t)=[r|s<-subsets t,r<-[s,f:s]]
mean=uncurry(div).(id***max 1).(sum&&&length)
bags[]_ _=[];bags batch(miss:have)n=let
 goal=div miss$ceiling(sqrt((fromIntegral miss/170)^2+1/4)-1/2)
 best=minimumBy.comparing.(((<miss)&&&(abs.(goal-))).); desk=take n batch
 pick=best id.best(if sum desk<miss then mean else sum).filter(>[]).subsets$desk
 in if pick < miss then bags(delete pick batch)(miss-pick:pick:have)n
       else (pick:have):bags(delete pick batch)[miss+sum have]n
main=print$id&&&sum$map(length.bags batch[1000])[2..7]

在线尝试！

没有产生不同的数字增益橘子的9981个网收获顶上前面，而我10k011袋封隔抓住橘子不宜回未闭合的袋子出被取消资格user69850在人物user202729 → 乔金 → OVS hencefore应有的赏金去亚历克斯