爱因斯坦写了一个谜。他说，全世界98％的国家无法解决这个问题。

在上班的大约25分钟内，我解决了这个谜语。基本上只是推论。

谜语

连续有5座房子以5种不同的颜色。
每个房子里都有一个不同国籍的人。
这5位主人喝某种类型的饮料，抽烟某种雪茄和养宠物。
没有主人拥有相同的宠物，抽相同品牌的雪茄或喝相同的饮料。
问题： 谁拥有鱼？

为了解决这个难题，爱因斯坦提供了15条提示：

1. 英国人住在红房子里。
2. 瑞典人养狗作为宠物。
3. 丹麦人喝茶。
4. 温室在白宫的左侧。
5. 温室的主人喝咖啡。
6. 吸烟颇尔购物中心的主人饲养鸟类。
7. 黄房子的所有者抽烟登喜路。
8. 住在中心房屋的主人喝牛奶。
9. 挪威人住在第一所房屋。
10. 抽Blends的主人住在养猫的人旁边。
11. 养马的主人住在旁边的吸烟者登喜路。
12. 抽Bluemasters的老板喝啤酒。
13. 德国人抽王子。
14. 挪威人住在蓝房子旁边。
15. 抽Blends的屋主与喝水的人住在一起。

有了这些提示，您就可以找到解决方案。

您的任务：编写一个程序来为您解决这个难题。不允许对解决方案进行硬编码（duh）

允许以任何格式对提示进行硬编码。
格式范例：

//Hints in order
(Nationality:Brit)==(Color:Red)
(Nationality:Swede)==(Pet:Dogs)
(Nationality:Dane)==(Drink: Tea)
(Color:Green)/(Color:White)
(Color:Green)==(Drink:Coffee)
(Smoke:PallMall)==(Pet:Birds)
(Color:Yellow)==(Smoke:Dunhill)
(House:3)==(Drink:Milk)
(Nationality:Norwegian)==(House:1)
(Smoke:Blend)/\(Pet:Cats)

==等于
/表示
\的左侧=表示
/ \的右侧表示左侧或右侧

就像我说的那样，它允许对提示进行硬编码或将其作为输入。

输出：输出应采用以下格式（具有正确的值，仅表示巨魔;））

 _____________    _____________    _____________    _____________    _____________
|   Number    |  |   Number    |  |   Number    |  |   Number    |  |   Number    |
| Nationality |  | Nationality |  | Nationality |  | Nationality |  | Nationality |
|    Color    |  |    Color    |  |    Color    |  |    Color    |  |    Color    |
|    Drink    |  |    Drink    |  |    Drink    |  |    Drink    |  |    Drink    |
|    Smoke    |  |    Smoke    |  |    Smoke    |  |    Smoke    |  |    Smoke    |
|     Pet     |  |     Pet     |  |     Pet     |  |     Pet     |  |     Pet     |
---------------  ---------------  ---------------  ---------------  ---------------

The <Nationality> in the <Color> house owns the fish!

您可以更改Ascii艺术盒，只要它们是盒子，无论您使用什么符号都可以。

关于这个谜语和解决方案的任何知识都不能在程序中使用。它应该使用纯逻辑和演绎法来解决难题。

将此标签标记为codegolf，但不确定，这可能是代码挑战。关于代码挑战获胜标准的任何想法都可以随意分享:)

现在这是代码高尔夫球，因此字节数最少的程序将获胜。

祝你好运，编码愉快:)

Prolog-954个字符

m(A,Z):-member(A,Z).
e:-e(Z),w(Z).
e(Z):-Z=[[1,A,F,K,P,U],[2,B,G,L,Q,V],[3,C,H,M,R,W],[4,D,I,N,S,X],[5,E,J,O,T,Y]],m([_,b,r,_,_,_],Z),m([_,s,_,d,_,_],Z),m([_,d,_,_,t,_],Z),m([WH,_,w,_,_,_],Z),m([GH,_,g,_,_,_],Z),GH=:=WH-1,m([_,_,g,_,c,_],Z),m([_,_,_,b,_,p],Z),m([_,_,y,_,_,d],Z),m([3,_,_,_,m,_],Z),m([1,n,_,_,_,_],Z),m([BH,_,_,_,_,b],Z),m([CH,_,_,c,_,_],Z),(BH=:=CH+1;BH=:=CH-1),m([DH,_,_,_,_,d],Z),m([HH,_,_,h,_,_],Z),(HH=:=DH+1;HH=:=DH-1),m([_,_,_,_,b,l],Z),m([_,g,_,_,_,r],Z),m([NH,n,_,_,_,_],Z),m([YH,_,b,_,_,_],Z),(NH=:=YH+1;NH=:=YH-1),m([SH,_,_,_,_,b],Z),m([XH,_,_,_,w,_],Z),(SH=:=XH+1;SH=:=XH-1),p([n,d,b,g,s],[A,B,C,D,E]),p([y,b,r,g,w],[F,G,H,I,J]),p([c,h,b,f,d],[K,L,M,N,O]),p([w,t,m,c,b],[P,Q,R,S,T]),p([d,b,p,r,l],[U,V,W,X,Y]).
t(X,[X|R],R).
t(X,[F|R],[F|S]):-t(X,R,S).
p([W|X],Y):-p(X,V),t(W,Y,V).
p([],[]).
b:-write('+--+--+--+--+--+--+'),nl.
z(A):-writef('|%2L|%2L|%2L|%2L|%2L|%2L|',A),nl.
w([A,B,C,D,E]):-b,z(A),z(B),z(C),z(D),z(E),b.

输出量

+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|1 |n |y |c |w |d |
|2 |d |b |h |t |b |
|3 |b |r |b |m |p |
|4 |g |g |f |c |r |
|5 |s |w |d |b |l |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+

键：

• 第一栏是门牌号码；
• 第二栏是国籍；
• 第三栏是喜欢的颜色；
• 第四栏是宠物；
• 第五列是饮料；和
• 第六栏是香烟（r =王子，l = bluemaster）。

Ruby 322 +输入442

蛮力搜索将近250亿个可能的答案。
我的计算机大约需要75天才能运行此程序。
我从未验证过此程序是否输出正确答案！

运行为 ruby riddle.rb < riddle.in

riddle.rb（332字节）

g=readlines
v=g.shift(5).map &:split
c,*d=v.map{|a|[*a.permutation]}
c.product(*d){|a|(f=eval a.map{|b|b.each_with_index.map{|s,i|"#{s}=#{i}\n"}.join}.join+'g.map{|h|eval h}.all?&&fish')&&(r=['-----------']*5
puts [r,[*0..4],*a,r].map{|s|s.map{|t|'|%11s|'%t}.join},"The #{a[0][f]} in the #{a[1][f]} house owns the fish!")}

riddle.in（442字节）

brit dane german norwegian swede
blue green red white yellow
beer coffee milk tea water
blends bluemasters dunhill pall_mall prince
birds cats dogs fish horse
brit==red
swede==dogs
dane==tea
green==white-1
green==coffee
pall_mall==birds
yellow==dunhill
2==milk
norwegian==0
blends==cats-1||blends==cats+1
horse==dunhill-1||horse==dunhill+1
bluemasters==beer
german==prince
norwegian==blue-1||norwegian==blue+1
blends==water-1||blends==water+1

输入文件必须包含5行名称，后跟逻辑表达式行。门牌号是0到4。必须有一个fish。

该计划调用了Array#permutation五次，以找到各种方法来订购各种国籍，颜色，饮料，烟熏和宠物。长循环是c.product(*d){|a|...}，要求Array#product迭代将近250亿个可能的答案。循环体具有形式(f=eval ...)&&(...)。该eval ...部分评估逻辑表达式。如果全部正确，则f鱼的门牌号是多少，该&&(...)部分会打印答案。门牌号0在Ruby中为true。

打高尔夫球意味着不添加速度代码！但是我缺少75天才能运行该程序！

Prolog，653个字符

a([],L,L).
a([H|T],L2,[H|L3]):-a(T,L2,L3).
m(X,L):-a(_,[X|_],L).
r(X,Y,L):-a(_,[X,Y|_],L).
n(X,Y,L):-r(X,Y,L);r(Y,X,L).
s:-s(S),w(S).
s(S):-length(S,5),m([b,r,_,_,_],S),m([s,_,_,_,d],S),m([d,_,t,_,_],S),r([_,g,_,_,_],[_,w,_,_,_],S),m([_,g,c,_,_],S),m([_,_,_,p,b],S),m([_,y,_,d,_],S),S=[_,_,[_,_,m,_,_],_,_],S=[[n,_,_,_,_],_,_,_,_],n([_,_,_,b,_],[_,_,_,_,c],S),n([_,_,_,d,_],[_,_,_,_,h],S),m([_,_,b,l,_],S),m([g,_,_,r,_],S),n([n,_,_,_,_],[_,b,_,_,_],S),n([_,_,_,b,_],[_,_,w,_,_],S),m([_,_,_,_,f],S).
b:-write('----------------+'),nl.
z(Y,A):-write(Y),writef('|%2L|%2L|%2L|%2L|%2L|',A),nl.
w([S1,S2,S3,S4,S5]):-b,z(1,S1),z(2,S2),z(3,S3),z(4,S4),z(5,S5),b.

Smalltalk 1332个字符

使用普通的Smalltalk：

|n c v g p t r|n:=#(Brit Swede Dane Norwegian German
Red Green White Yellow Blue
Tea Coffee Milk Beer Water
PallMall Dunhill Blends Bluemasters Prince
Dogs Birds Cats Horses Fish).
v:=Dictionary new.n do:[:n|v at:n put:nil].g:=n splitForSize:5.
c:={{[:b :r|b==r].#Brit.#Red}.{[:s :d|s==d].#Swede.#Dogs}.{[:d :t|d==t].#Dane.#Tea}.
{[:g :w|g==(w-1)].#Green.#White}.{[:g :c|g==c].#Green.#Coffee}.
{[:p :b|p==b].#PallMall.#Birds}.{[:y :d|y==d].#Yellow.#Dunhill}.
{[:m|m==3].#Milk}.{[:n|n==1].#Norwegian}.{[:b :c|(b-c)abs==1].#Blends.#Cats}.
{[:h :d|(h-d)abs==1].#Horses.#Dunhill}.{[:m :b|m==b].#Bluemasters.#Beer}.
{[:g :p|g==p].#German.#Prince}.{[:n :b|(n-b)abs==1].#Norwegian.#Blue}.
{[:b :w|(b-w)abs==1].#Blends.#Water}}.
t:=[:c|x:=(c from:2collect:[:n|v at:n]).(x includes:nil)or:[c first valueWithArguments:x]].
p:=[|f|(((''-'',* 16),'' ''),*5)printCR.g do:[:n||w|w:=n collect:[:n|v at:n].w sortWith:n.
n do:[:n|''|''print.(n centerPaddedTo:14)print.''| ''print].''''printCR.].(((''-'',* 16),'' ''),*5)printCR.
f:=v at:#Fish.(''The %1 in the %2 house owns the fish''bindWith:(g first detect:[:n|(v at:n)==f])with:((g at:2) detect:[:n|(v at:n)==f]))printCR].
r:=[:gi|gi==0ifTrue:p ifFalse:[#(1 2 3 4 5)permutationsDo:[:perm|v declareAll:(g at:gi)from:perm.
(c conform:t)ifTrue:[r value:gi-1]].v declareAll:(g at:gi)from:#(nil),*5]].
r value:g size.

输出：

---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- 
|  Norwegian   | |     Dane     | |     Brit     | |    German    | |    Swede     | 
|    Yellow    | |     Blue     | |     Red      | |    Green     | |    White     | 
|    Water     | |     Tea      | |     Milk     | |    Coffee    | |     Beer     | 
|   Dunhill    | |    Blends    | |   PallMall   | |    Prince    | | Bluemasters  | 
|     Cats     | |    Horses    | |    Birds     | |     Fish     | |     Dogs     | 
---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ----------------
The German in the Green house owns the fish

由于高尔夫版本几乎不可读，因此以下是开发人员的代码，带有适当的名称，缩进和空格，以提高可读性：

|names constraints foundSolution v groups printSolution testC test try|

names := #(Brit Swede Dane Norwegian German
 Red Green White Yellow Blue
 Tea Coffee Milk Beer Water
 PallMall Dunhill Blends Bluemasters Prince
 Dogs Birds Cats Horses Fish).

v := Dictionary new.
names do:[:n | v at:n put:nil].
groups := names splitForSize:5.

constraints := {
        {[:b :r | b==r] . #Brit . #Red   }.          "/ The Brit lives in the red house.
        {[:s :d | s==d] . #Swede . #Dogs }.          "/ The Swede keeps dogs as pets.
        {[:d :t | d==t] . #Dane . #Tea   }.          "/ The Dane drinks tea.
        {[:g :w | g==(w-1)] . #Green . #White }.     "/ The green house is on the immediate left of the white house.
        {[:g :c | g==c] . #Green . #Coffee}.         "/ The green house's owner drinks coffee.
        {[:p :b | p==b] . #PallMall . #Birds}.       "/ The owner who smokes Pall Mall rears birds.
        {[:y :d | y==d] . #Yellow . #Dunhill}.       "/ The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill.
        {[:m | m==3] . #Milk}.                       "/ The owner living in the center house drinks milk.
        {[:n | n==1] . #Norwegian }.                 "/ The Norwegian lives in the first house.
        {[:b :c | (b-c)abs==1] . #Blends . #Cats}.   "/ The owner who smokes Blends lives next to the one who keeps cats.
        {[:h :d | (h-d)abs==1] . #Horses . #Dunhill}."/ The owner who keeps the horse lives next to the one who smokes Dunhill.
        {[:m :b | m==b] . #Bluemasters . #Beer}.     "/ The owner who smokes Bluemasters drinks beer.
        {[:g :p | g==p] . #German . #Prince}.        "/ The German smokes Prince.
        {[:n :b | (n-b)abs==1] . #Norwegian . #Blue}."/ The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
        {[:b :w | (b-w)abs==1] . #Blends . #Water}.  "/ The owner who smokes Blends lives next to the one who drinks water.
}.
testC := [:c | vi:=((c from:2) collect:[:n|v at:n]). (vi includes:nil) or:[c first valueWithArguments:vi]].
test := [constraints conform:testC].

printSolution :=
 [  |f|
    ((('-',* 16),' '),*5) printCR.
    groups do:[:names|
         |values|
         values := names collect:[:nm|v at:nm].
         values sortWith:names.
         names do:[:n| '|'print. (n centerPaddedTo:14)print.'| ' print].
         '' printCR.
    ].
    ((('-',* 16),' '),*5) printCR.
    f := v at:#Fish.
    ('The %1 in the %2 house owns the fish'
        bindWith:((groups at:1) detect:[:n|(v at:n)==f])
        with:((groups at:2) detect:[:n|(v at:n)==f]))printCR
 ].


try := [:gi |
    gi == 0 
     ifTrue: printSolution
     ifFalse:[
        (1 to:5) asArray permutationsDo:[:perm |
            v declareAll:(groups at:gi) from:perm.
            test value ifTrue:[
                try value:(gi-1).
            ].
        ].
        v declareAll:(groups at:gi) from:#(nil nil nil nil nil).
    ].
].
try value:groups size.

使用约束求解器库：

使用约束求解器库，该库与OZ / Mozart手册中描述的库非常相似。如我所料，您会抱怨这对比赛无效；-)是为了娱乐和灵感而添加的（查找使用您语言的禁忌包装），不打高尔夫球，不计算字符。

|solution|

solution := Solver
    anySolutionFor:[
        |Brit Swede Dane Norwegian German
         Red Green White Yellow Blue
         PallMall Dunhill Prince Blends Bluemasters
         Tea Coffee Water Beer Milk
         Dogs Birds Cats Horses Fish|

        Brit        := (1 %% 5) name:#Brit.
        Swede       := (1 %% 5) name:#Swede.
        Dane        := (1 %% 5) name:#Dane.
        Norwegian   := (1 %% 5) name:#Norwegian.
        German      := (1 %% 5) name:#German.

        Red     := (1 %% 5) name:#Red.
        Green   := (1 %% 5) name:#Green.
        White   := (1 %% 5) name:#White.
        Yellow  := (1 %% 5) name:#Yellow.
        Blue    := (1 %% 5) name:#Blue.

        PallMall     := (1 %% 5) name:#PallMall.
        Dunhill      := (1 %% 5) name:#Dunhill.
        Prince       := (1 %% 5) name:#Prince.
        Blends       := (1 %% 5) name:#Blends.
        Bluemasters  := (1 %% 5) name:#Bluemasters.

        Tea    := (1 %% 5) name:#Tea.
        Coffee := (1 %% 5) name:#Coffee.
        Milk   := (1 %% 5) name:#Milk.
        Water  := (1 %% 5) name:#Water.
        Beer   := (1 %% 5) name:#Beer.

        Dogs         := (1 %% 5) name:#Dogs.
        Birds        := (1 %% 5) name:#Birds.
        Cats         := (1 %% 5) name:#Cats.
        Horses       := (1 %% 5) name:#Horses.
        Fish         := (1 %% 5) name:#Fish.

        Solver allDistinct:{ Brit . Swede . Dane . Norwegian . German. }.
        Solver allDistinct:{ Red. Green. White. Yellow. Blue. }.
        Solver allDistinct:{ PallMall. Dunhill. Prince. Blends. Bluemasters. }.
        Solver allDistinct:{ Tea. Coffee. Milk. Water. Beer }.
        Solver allDistinct:{ Dogs. Birds. Cats. Horses. Fish. }.

        Brit       =: Red.           "/ The Brit lives in the red house.
        Swede      =: Dogs.          "/ The Swede keeps dogs as pets.
        Dane       =: Tea.           "/ The Dane drinks tea.
        Green =: (White - 1).        "/ The green house is on the immediate left of the white house.
        Green =: Coffee.             "/ The green house's owner drinks coffee.
        PallMall   =: Birds.         "/ The owner who smokes Pall Mall rears birds.
        Yellow =: Dunhill.           "/ The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill.
        Milk =: 3.                   "/ The owner living in the center house drinks milk.
        Norwegian =: 1.              "/ The Norwegian lives in the first house.
        (Blends - Cats) abs =: 1.    "/ The owner who smokes Blends lives next to the one who keeps cats.
        (Horses - Dunhill) abs =: 1. "/ The owner who keeps the horse lives next to the one who smokes Dunhill.
        Bluemasters =: Beer.         "/ The owner who smokes Bluemasters drinks beer.
        German =: Prince.            "/ The German smokes Prince.
        (Norwegian - Blue) abs =: 1. "/ The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
        (Blends - Water) abs =: 1.   "/ The owner who smokes Blends lives next to the one who drinks water.
    ].

solution printCR.

注意“ =：”运算符，表示“与...统一”。求解器对问题块中定义的约束集使用回溯算法。其余代码将解决方案打印到框中：

    |pLine pSorted f |

    pLine := [ 
        (1 to:5) do:[:i | ('-' ,* 15) print] separatedBy:[' ' print].
        '' printCR.
    ].
    pSorted := [:keys |
        |items t|

        items := keys collect:[:k| solution at:k].
        t := keys copy. items values sortWith:t. 
        pLine value:(t collect:[:x | '| ',(x centerPaddedTo:11),' |']).
    ].

    pLine value.
    pSorted value:#( Brit Swede Dane Norwegian German ).
    pSorted value:#( Red Green White Yellow Blue ).
    pSorted value:#( Tea Coffee Milk Water Beer ).
    pSorted value:#( PallMall Dunhill Prince Blends Bluemasters ).
    pSorted value:#( Dogs Birds Cats Horses Fish ).
    pLine value.

    f := solution at:'Fish'.
    ('The %1 in the %2 house owns the fish!'
        bindWith:(#( Brit Swede Dane Norwegian German ) detect:[:n| (solution at:n) == f])
        with:(#( Red Green White Yellow Blue ) detect:[:n| (solution at:n) == f])
            ) printCR.

输出：

Solution(Brit->3 Swede->5 Dane->2 Norwegian->1 German->4 Red->3 Green->4
 White->5 Yellow->1 Blue->2 PallMall->3 Dunhill->1 Prince->4 Blends->2
 Bluemasters->5 Tea->2 Coffee->4 Milk->3 Water->1 Beer->5 Dogs->5 Birds->3
 Cats->1 Horses->2 Fish->4)
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
|  Norwegian  | |    Dane     | |    Brit     | |   German    | |    Swede    |
|   Yellow    | |    Blue     | |     Red     | |    Green    | |    White    |
|    Water    | |     Tea     | |    Milk     | |   Coffee    | |    Beer     |
|   Dunhill   | |   Blends    | |  PallMall   | |   Prince    | | Bluemasters |
|    Cats     | |   Horses    | |    Birds    | |    Fish     | |    Dogs     |
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
The German in the Green house owns the fish!

编辑：哎呀-我忘了在普通版中打印“谁拥有这条鱼”行。

Ruby 1166个字符

编辑：更新为正确的输出格式

在MBP i5上可在0.2秒内持续运行。

来源：Github上的视图

单线：

def q(a);a.permutation;end;def z(a,b,c,d);l(a,b,c,d)||l(c,d,a,b);end;def l(a,b,c,d);(0..4).any?{|i|a[i]==b&&c[i+1]==d};end;def i(a,b,c,d);(0..4).any?{|i|a[i]==b&&c[i]==d};end;def t(i);['White','Yellow','Blue','Red','Green','German','Swede','Brit','Norwegian','Dane','Birds','Cats','Horses','Fish','Dogs','Beer','Water','Tea','Milk','Coffee','Blends','PallMall','Prince','Bluemasters','Dunhill'][i];end;def y(s);l=13-s.length;'|'+' '*(l/2.0).floor+s+' '*(l/2.0).ceil+'|';end;def d(s);b=[' '+(0..4).map{'_'*13}.join(' '*4)];u='  ';b<<[1,2,3,4,5].map{|i|y(i.to_s)}.join(u);s.each{|i|b<<i.map{|j|y(t(j))}.join(u)};b<<(0..4).map{'-'*15}.join(u);b<<'';z=s[4].index(13);b<<"The #{t s[0][z]} in the #{t s[1][z]} house owns the fish!";b.join "\n";end;q([0,1,2,3,4]).each{|c|l(c,4,c,0)||next;q([5,6,7,8,9]).each{|n|i(n,7,c,3)||next;n[0]==8||next;z(n,8,c,2)||next;q([10,11,12,13,14]).each{|a|i(n,6,a,14)||next;q([15,16,17,18,19]).each{|d|d[2]==18||next;i(c,4,d,19)||next;i(n,9,d,17)||next;q([20,21,22,23,24]).each{|s|z(a,12,s,24)||next;i(s,21,a,10)||next;z(s,20,d,16)||next;z(s,20,a,11)||next;i(n,5,s,22)||next;i(c,1,s,24)||next;i(s,23,d,15)||next;puts d([n,c,d,s,a]);exit}}}}}

用换行符填充以适合页面：

def q(a);a.permutation;end;def z(a,b,c,d);l(a,b,c,d)||l(c,d,a,b);end
def l(a,b,c,d);(0..4).any?{|i|a[i]==b&&c[i+1]==d};end;def i(a,b,c,d);
(0..4).any?{|i|a[i]==b&&c[i]==d};end;def t(i);['White','Yellow','Blue',
'Red','Green','German','Swede','Brit','Norwegian','Dane','Birds',
'Cats','Horses','Fish','Dogs','Beer','Water','Tea','Milk','Coffee',
'Blends','PallMall','Prince','Bluemasters','Dunhill'][i];end;def y(s);
l=13-s.length;'|'+' '*(l/2.0).floor+s+' '*(l/2.0).ceil+'|';end;
def d(s);b=[' '+(0..4).map{'_'*13}.join(' '*4)];u='  ';
b<<[1,2,3,4,5].map{|i|y(i.to_s)}.join(u);s.each{|i|b<<i.map{|j|
y(t(j))}.join(u)};b<<(0..4).map{'-'*15}.join(u);b<<'';
z=s[4].index(13);
b<<"The #{t s[0][z]} in the #{t s[1][z]} house owns the fish!";
b.join "\n";end;q([0,1,2,3,4]).each{|c|l(c,4,c,0)||next;
q([5,6,7,8,9]).each{|n|i(n,7,c,3)||next;n[0]==8||next;z(n,8,c,2)||next;
q([10,11,12,13,14]).each{|a|i(n,6,a,14)||next;
q([15,16,17,18,19]).each{|d|d[2]==18||next;i(c,4,d,19)||next;
i(n,9,d,17)||next;q([20,21,22,23,24]).each{|s|z(a,12,s,24)||next;
i(s,21,a,10)||next;z(s,20,d,16)||next;z(s,20,a,11)||next;i(n,5,s,22)||next;
i(c,1,s,24)||next;i(s,23,d,15)||next;puts d([n,c,d,s,a]);exit}}}}}

输出：

 _____________    _____________    _____________    _____________    _____________
|      1      |  |      2      |  |      3      |  |      4      |  |      5      |
|  Norwegian  |  |    Dane     |  |    Brit     |  |   German    |  |    Swede    |
|   Yellow    |  |    Blue     |  |     Red     |  |    Green    |  |    White    |
|    Water    |  |     Tea     |  |    Milk     |  |   Coffee    |  |    Beer     |
|   Dunhill   |  |   Blends    |  |  PallMall   |  |   Prince    |  | Bluemasters |
|    Cats     |  |   Horses    |  |    Birds    |  |    Fish     |  |    Dogs     |
---------------  ---------------  ---------------  ---------------  ---------------

The German in the Green house owns the fish!

非高尔夫代码

@colors        = [:white, :yellow, :blue, :red, :green].shuffle.permutation
@cigars        = [:blends, :pall_mall, :prince, :bluemasters, :dunhill].shuffle.permutation
@nationalities = [:german, :swedish, :british, :norwegian, :danish,].shuffle.permutation
@drinks        = [:beer, :water, :tea, :milk, :coffee].shuffle.permutation
@pets          = [:birds, :cats, :horses, :fish, :dogs].shuffle.permutation

def next_to?(set_a, val_a, set_b, val_b)
  left_of?(set_a, val_a, set_b, val_b) ||
  left_of?(set_b, val_b, set_a, val_a)
end

def left_of?(set_a, val_a, set_b, val_b)
  (0..4).any? do |i|
    set_a[i]   == val_a &&
    set_b[i+1] == val_b
  end
end

def implies?(set_a, val_a, set_b, val_b)
  (0..4).any? do |i|
    set_a[i] == val_a &&
    set_b[i] == val_b
  end
end

def solve
  i = 0
  @colors.each do |colors|
    i += 1
    next unless left_of?(colors, :green, colors, :white)
    @nationalities.each do |nationalities|
      i += 1
      next unless implies?(nationalities, :british, colors, :red)
      next unless nationalities[0] == :norwegian
      next unless next_to?(nationalities, :norwegian, colors, :blue)
      @pets.each do |pets|
        i += 1
        next unless implies?(nationalities, :swedish, pets, :dogs) 
        @drinks.each do |drinks|
          i += 1
          next unless drinks[2] == :milk
          next unless implies?(colors, :green, drinks, :coffee)
          next unless implies?(nationalities, :danish, drinks, :tea)
          @cigars.each do |cigars|
            i += 1
            next unless next_to?(pets, :horses, cigars, :dunhill)
            next unless implies?(cigars, :pall_mall, pets, :birds)
            next unless next_to?(cigars, :blends, drinks, :water)
            next unless next_to?(cigars, :blends, pets, :cats)
            next unless implies?(nationalities , :german, cigars, :prince)
            next unless implies?(colors, :yellow, cigars, :dunhill)
            next unless implies?(cigars, :bluemasters,  drinks, :beer)
            return [colors, nationalities, pets, drinks, cigars], i
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

class Symbol
  def humanize
    result = self.to_s
    result.gsub!('_', ' ')
    result.split(' ').collect{|part| part.capitalize }.join(' ')
  end
end

solution, attempts = solve

puts "\nSolved in #{attempts} attempts.\n\n"

for i in (0..4)
  number, color, nationality, cigar, drink, pet = i+1, solution[0][i], solution[1][i].humanize, solution[4][i].humanize, solution[3][i], solution[2][i]
  puts "House #{number} is #{color}. The owner is #{nationality}, smokes #{cigar}, drinks #{drink}, and keeps #{pet}."
end

puts "\n"

输出：

Solved in 37663 attempts.

House 1 is yellow. The owner is Norwegian, smokes Dunhill, drinks water, and keeps cats.
House 2 is blue. The owner is Danish, smokes Blends, drinks tea, and keeps horses.
House 3 is red. The owner is British, smokes Pall Mall, drinks milk, and keeps birds.
House 4 is green. The owner is German, smokes Prince, drinks coffee, and keeps fish.
House 5 is white. The owner is Swedish, smokes Bluemasters, drinks beer, and keeps dogs.

使用shuffle在初始设置可确保每次独特的解决方案路径。您可以通过运行之间改变的尝试次数来看到这一点。这可以减轻对单独输入输入内容的需求，尽管更改代码这样做是微不足道的。