康威的《人生游戏》（几乎）总是在规则的正方形网格上播放，但不一定如此。

编写一个程序，该程序在不是欧式正方形，三角形或六边形的规则平铺的欧几里德平面的二维平铺上实现Conway的《生命游戏》中的标准单元格相邻规则。

具体来说，您选择的平铺...

1. 必须包含至少2个（但数量有限）形状不同的原生动物。
   • 不同的形状可以彼此缩放或旋转。
   • 他们必须能够平铺整个平面而不会留下孔。
   • 它们必须是具有有限周长的简单多边形。（它们可能不是那么简单。）
2. 必须与正方形，三角形和六边形网格同构不同。
   • 不允许将任何细化为规则正方形，三角形或六边形网格的平铺。（您仍然可以在其他拼贴中使用正方形/三角形/六边形。）
   • 任何两个原生动物之间的边界可能包含多个边和顶点，但必须连续。

您的平铺可能是周期性的，也可能是非周期性的，但是当扩展到覆盖整个平面时，每个prototile必须无限次出现。（因此，无需对切片的某些部分进行“硬编码”以帮助实现下面的额外要点。）

您的每个人工繁殖体都代表一个与其他细胞相邻的“生命游戏”细胞：

• 共享任何边或任何顶点的像元都被视为相邻像元。
• 共享多个边或顶点的像元仍仅在彼此相邻的邻居处计数一次。
• 细胞不能与自己相邻。

拼贴灵感链接：

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiling_by_regular_polygons
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_uniform_tilings
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperiodic_tiling
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose_tiling

输出量

您的程序应该输出其中包含正在玩的生命游戏的拼贴形式的图形表示，您当然应该以image / gif / jsfiddle格式发布。

请绘制瓷砖边缘线，对死细胞使用浅色，对活细胞使用深色。

计分

您的投稿分数是增票数减去减票数，以及在平铺中发现常见的“人生游戏”模式的加分：

• 寻找静物 -从一代到下一代都不会改变的模式。（+2）
• 查找周期2到29的振荡器。（每找到5个周期，每个周期+3，或者最多+15点）
• 查找周期为30或更长时间的振荡器。（+7）
• 找到一艘太空飞船 -它可以任意离开其起始位置而不会留下任何碎片。（它不一定是移动的振荡器。）（+10）
• 找到另一个以明显不同的方式移动的太空船（而不是第一个太空船的镜像版本），例如，请参见glider和LWSS。（+10）
• 寻找无限增长的模式。您不必证明增长是无限的，只需向我们显示足够的证据证明这种增长实际上是肯定的。（+25）
• 找到枪 -可以永久产生飞船的东西（这也算作无限增长）。（+50）

无限的生长模式必须以有限数量的活细胞开始，其他模式必须始终包含有限数量的活细胞（例如，太空船不应随时间而任意增大）。

由于非定期平铺的性质，似乎其中许多模式无法实现。因此，任何可验证的非定期平铺都会自动获得+40分。在非定期平铺中某个位置起作用的模式不必在其他位置起作用。

每个奖金只能应用一次。自然，我们需要查看输出以验证它们。最高分获胜。

笔记

• 每个答案只能将奖金应用于一个特定的拼贴。（尽管可以包括相关的拼贴图。）
• 人生游戏规则如下：
  1. 任何少于2个或超过3个活邻居的活细胞都将死亡。
  2. 任何具有3个活着邻居的死细胞都可以存活。
  3. 其他单元格不变。
• 不管边界条件如何，都可以使用加分点的模式，但否则，您可以选择所需的任何边界条件。
• 默认情况下，背景应为所有无效磁贴。

多亏了Peter Taylor，Jan Dvorak和githubphagocyte，他们帮助消除了应允许使用的平铺方法中的漏洞。

^{（万一有人好奇，这绝对是我对自己挑战的最爱。）}

彭罗斯·罗姆比（Penrose rhombii），+ 97分

我选择了一个由两个不同形状的菱形组成的彭罗斯瓷砖，每个顶点满足3-8个。彭罗斯瓷砖在其他地方被证明是非周期性的。模拟是图形化的（通过pygame）并且是交互式的。注释表明代码中的两个位置是从另一个来源获取算法实现的。

有许多小的邻里静物：

具有四个“相邻”邻居的任何顶点都是静物：

没有死的内部细胞接触该循环上的三个细胞的任何循环也是静物：

有各种频率的振荡器：

p2 ：（许多变体）

p3：

p4：

p5：

p6：

p7：

第12页：

p20：

书面的规则和说明大多不允许在非计划的非定期平铺中使用滑翔机或枪支。这就留下了无限的增长，我认为这是不可能的，还有一个几乎可以肯定存在的p30 +振荡器，但是需要一段时间才能找到。

python penrose-life.py会生成一个随机着色的定期平铺图， python -O penrose-life.py或者只是./penrose-life.py实际运行模拟。在运行时，它将尝试识别振荡器，并在找到振荡器时（p> 2）对其进行截图。记录振荡器或停滞的电路板后，将电路板随机化。

在模拟中单击一个单元格将对其进行切换。

模拟中存在以下键盘快捷键：

• 转义-退出程序
• 空间-将整个木板随机化
• P-暂停模拟
• S-单步模拟
• F-切换“快速”模式，仅每25帧渲染一次

彭罗斯平铺算法的初始种子是十个小三角形的圆。可以将其更改为单个三角形，也可以更改为对称或不对称的三角形排列。

资源：

#!/usr/bin/env python -O

# tiling generation code originally from http://preshing.com/files/penrose.py

import sys
import math
import time
import cairo
import cmath
import random
import pygame

#TODO: command line parameters
#------ Configuration --------
IMAGE_SIZE = (1200, 1200)
OFFX = 600
OFFY = 600
RADIUS = 600
if __debug__: NUM_SUBDIVISIONS = 5
else: NUM_SUBDIVISIONS = 7
#-----------------------------

goldenRatio = (1 + math.sqrt(5)) / 2

class Triangle():
    def __init__(self, parent = None, color = 0, corners = []):
        self.parent = parent
        self.other_half = None
        # immediate neighbor 0 is on BA side, 1 is on AC side
        self.neighbors = [None, None]
        # all_neighbors includes diagonal neighbors
        self.all_neighbors = set()
        # child 0 is first on BA side, 1 is second, 2 is on AC side
        self.children = []
        self.color = color
        if __debug__: self.debug_color = (random.random(),random.random(),random.random())
        self.state = random.randint(0,1)
        self.new_state = 0
        self.corners = corners
        self.quad = None
    def __repr__(self):
        return "Triangle: state=" + str(self.state) + \
            " color=" + str(self.color) + \
            " parent=" + ("yes" if self.parent else "no") + \
            " corners=" + str(self.corners)
    # break one triangle up into 2-3 smaller triangles
    def subdivide(self):
        result = []
        A,B,C = self.corners
        if self.color == 0:
            # Subdivide red triangle
            P = A + (B - A) / goldenRatio
            result = [Triangle(self, 0, (C, P, B)), Triangle(self, 1, (P, C, A))]
        else:
            # Subdivide blue triangle
            Q = B + (A - B) / goldenRatio
            R = B + (C - B) / goldenRatio
            result = [Triangle(self, 1, (Q, R, B)), Triangle(self, 0, (R, Q, A)), Triangle(self, 1, (R, C, A))]
        self.children.extend(result)
        return result;
    # identify the left and right neighbors of a triangle
    def connect_immediate(self):
        o = None
        n = self.neighbors
        if self.parent:
            if self.color == 0: # red child
                if self.parent.color == 0: # red parent
                    if self.parent.neighbors[0]:
                        if self.parent.neighbors[0].color == 0: # red left neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[0]
                        else: # blue left neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[1]
                    n[0] = self.parent.children[1]
                    if self.parent.other_half:
                        n[1] = self.parent.other_half.children[0]
                else: # blue parent
                    if self.parent.neighbors[0]:
                        if self.parent.neighbors[0].color == 0: # red left neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[0]
                        else: # blue left neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[1]
                    n[0] = self.parent.children[0]
                    n[1] = self.parent.children[2]
            else: # blue child
                if self.parent.color == 0: # red parent
                    if self.parent.neighbors[1]:
                        if self.parent.neighbors[1].color == 0: # red right neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[1].children[1]
                        else: # blue right neighbor
                            o = self.parent.neighbors[1].children[2]
                    n[0] = self.parent.children[0]
                    if self.parent.neighbors[0]:
                        if self.parent.neighbors[0].color == 0: # red left neighbor
                            n[1] = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[1]
                        else: # blue left neighbor
                            n[1] = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[0]
                else: # blue child of blue parent
                    if self.corners[2] == self.parent.corners[1]: # first blue child
                        if self.parent.other_half:
                            o = self.parent.other_half.children[0]
                        n[0] = self.parent.children[1]
                        if self.parent.neighbors[0]:
                            if self.parent.neighbors[0].color == 0: # red left neighbor
                                n[1] = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[1]
                            else: #blue left neighbor
                                n[1] = self.parent.neighbors[0].children[0]
                    else: # second blue child
                        if self.parent.neighbors[1]:
                            if self.parent.neighbors[1].color == 0: # red right neighbor
                                o = self.parent.neighbors[1].children[1]
                            else: # blue right neighbor
                                o = self.parent.neighbors[1].children[2]
                        if self.parent.other_half:
                            n[0] = self.parent.other_half.children[2]
                        n[1] = self.parent.children[1]
        self.other_half = o
        if o:
            self.state = self.other_half.state
            if __debug__: self.debug_color = self.other_half.debug_color

#TODO: different seed triangle configurations
# Create wheel of red triangles around the origin
triangles = [[]]
for i in xrange(10):
    B = cmath.rect(RADIUS, (2*i - 1) * math.pi / 10)+OFFX+OFFY*1j
    C = cmath.rect(RADIUS, (2*i + 1) * math.pi / 10)+OFFX+OFFY*1j
    if i % 2 == 0:
        B, C = C, B  # Make sure to mirror every second triangle
    triangles[0].append(Triangle(None, 0, (OFFX+OFFY*1j, B, C)))

# identify the neighbors of the starting triangles
for i in xrange(10):
    if i%2:
        triangles[0][i].neighbors[0] = triangles[0][(i+9)%10]
        triangles[0][i].neighbors[1] = triangles[0][(i+1)%10]
    else:
        triangles[0][i].neighbors[1] = triangles[0][(i+9)%10]
        triangles[0][i].neighbors[0] = triangles[0][(i+1)%10]

# Perform subdivisions
for i in xrange(NUM_SUBDIVISIONS):
    triangles.append([])
    for t in triangles[i]:
        triangles[i+1].extend(t.subdivide())
    for t in triangles[i+1]:
        t.connect_immediate()

# from here on, we only deal with the most-subdivided triangles
tris = triangles[NUM_SUBDIVISIONS]

# make a dict of every vertex, containing a list of every triangle sharing that vertex
vertices = {}
for t in tris:
    for c in t.corners:
        if c not in vertices:
            vertices[c] = []
        vertices[c].append(t)

# every triangle sharing a vertex are neighbors of each other
for v,triset in vertices.iteritems():
    for t in triset:
        t.all_neighbors.update(triset)

# combine mirrored triangles into quadrilateral cells
quads = []
total_neighbors = 0
for t in tris:
    if t.quad == None and t.other_half != None:
        quads.append(t)
        q = t
        q.corners = (q.corners[0], q.corners[1], q.other_half.corners[0], q.corners[2])
        q.quad = q
        q.other_half.quad = q
        q.all_neighbors.update(q.other_half.all_neighbors)
        q.all_neighbors.remove(q.other_half)
        q.all_neighbors.remove(q)
        total_neighbors += len(q.all_neighbors)

# clean up quads who still think they have triangles for neighbors
for q in quads:
    new_neighbors = set()
    for n in q.all_neighbors:
        if len(n.corners)==3:
            if n.other_half:
                if len(n.other_half.corners)==4:
                    new_neighbors.add(n.other_half)
        else:
            new_neighbors.add(n)
    q.all_neighbors = new_neighbors


# # adopt your other half's neighbors, minus them and yourself. mark other half as dead.
# for t in tris:
#     if t.other_half:
#         t.all_neighbors.update(t.other_half.all_neighbors)
#     t.all_neighbors.remove(t)
#     if t.other_half and t.other_half in t.all_neighbors:
#         t.all_neighbors.remove(t.other_half)
#     if t.other_half and not t.dead_half:
#         t.other_half.dead_half = True

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(IMAGE_SIZE, 0, 32)
pygame.display.set_caption("Penrose Life")
pygame.display.flip()

paused = False
fast = False
randomize = True
found_oscillator = 0
randomized_tick = 0
tick = 0
timed_tick = 0
timed_tick_time = time.clock()
render_countdown = 0

history_length = 45
quad_history = [[0]*len(quads)]*history_length
quad_pointer = 0

myfont = pygame.font.SysFont("monospace", 15)
guidish = random.randint(0,99999999)

while True:

    tick += 1
    if tick - randomized_tick > 1000 and render_countdown == 0:
        randomize = True
    edited = False
    step = False
    if found_oscillator > 0 and render_countdown == 0:
        print "Potential p" + str(found_oscillator) + " osillator"
        render_countdown = found_oscillator
    if render_countdown == 0: # don't handle input while rendering an oscillator
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit(0)
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                # print event
                if event.scancode == 53: # escape
                    sys.exit(0)
                elif event.unicode == " ": # randomize
                    randomize = True
                    edited = True
                elif event.unicode == "p": # pause
                    paused = not paused
                elif event.unicode == "f": # fast
                    fast = not fast
                elif event.unicode == "s": # step
                    paused = True
                    step = True
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            # click to toggle a cell
                x = event.pos[0]
                y = event.pos[1]
                for q in quads:
                    poly = [(c.real,c.imag) for c in q.corners]
                    # http://www.ariel.com.au/a/python-point-int-poly.html
                    n = len(poly)
                    inside = False
                    p1x,p1y = poly[0]
                    for i in range(n+1):
                        p2x,p2y = poly[i % n]
                        if y > min(p1y,p2y):
                            if y <= max(p1y,p2y):
                                if x <= max(p1x,p2x):
                                    if p1y != p2y:
                                        xinters = (y-p1y)*(p2x-p1x)/(p2y-p1y)+p1x
                                    if p1x == p2x or x <= xinters:
                                        inside = not inside
                        p1x,p1y = p2x,p2y
                    if inside:
                        edited = True
                        q.state = 0 if q.state==1 else 1

    if randomize and render_countdown == 0:
        randomized_tick = tick
        randomize = False
        for q in quads:
            q.state = random.randint(0,1)
            edited = True

    if (not fast) or (tick%25==0) or edited or render_countdown > 0:
        # draw filled quads
        for q in quads:
            cs = [(c.real,c.imag) for c in q.corners]
            if __debug__:
                color = q.debug_color
                color = (int(color[0]*256)<<24)+(int(color[1]*256)<<16)+(int(color[2]*256)<<8)+0xFF
            else:
                if q.state == 0:
                    color = 0xFFFFFFFF
                else:
                    color = 0x000000FF
            pygame.draw.polygon(screen, color, cs, 0)
        # draw edges
        for q in quads:
            if len(q.corners)==3:
                exit(1)
            cs = [(c.real,c.imag) for c in q.corners]
            width = 3
            pygame.draw.lines(screen, 0x7F7F7FFF, 1, cs, int(width))
        now = time.clock()
        speed = (tick-timed_tick)/(now-timed_tick_time)
        timed_tick_time = now
        timed_tick = tick
        screen.blit(screen, (0, 0))
        label = myfont.render("%4.2f/s"%speed, 1, (255,255,255))
        screen.fill(pygame.Color("black"), (0, 0, 110, 15))
        screen.blit(label, (0, 0))        
        pygame.display.update()

    if __debug__:
        break

    if paused and not step and render_countdown == 0:
        time.sleep(0.05)
        continue

    # screenshot
    if render_countdown > 0:
        filename = "oscillator_p%03d_%08d_%03d.png" % (found_oscillator, guidish, found_oscillator - render_countdown)
        pygame.image.save(screen,filename)
        render_countdown -= 1
        if render_countdown == 0:
            guidish = random.randint(0,99999999)
            found_oscillator = 0
            randomize = True
            continue


    # calculate new cell states based on the Game of Life rules
    for q in quads:
        a = sum([n.state for n in q.all_neighbors])
        q.new_state = q.state
        # dead cells with three neighbors spawn
        if q.state == 0 and a == 3:
            q.new_state = 1
        # live cells only survive with two or three neighbors
        elif a < 2 or a > 3:
            q.new_state = 0

    # update cell states
    for q in quads:
        q.state = q.new_state

    this_state = [q.state for q in quads]

    # don't bother checking
    if render_countdown == 0:
        # compare this board state to the last N-1 states
        for i in range(1,history_length):
            if quad_history[(quad_pointer-i)%history_length] == this_state:
                if i == 1 or i == 2: # stalled board or p2 oscillator (boring)
                    randomize = True
                    break
                #TODO: give up if the "oscillator" includes border cells
                #TODO: identify cases of two oprime oscillators overlapping
                elif i > 2:
                    found_oscillator = i
                    break # don't keep looking

        # remember this board state
        quad_history[quad_pointer] = this_state
        quad_pointer = (quad_pointer+1)%history_length

if __debug__:
    filename = "penrose.png"
    pygame.image.save(screen,filename)
    time.sleep(1)

带有OpenGL的C ++（+17）

因此，我尝试了3-等角凸五边形网格。对我有用；）适用标准的生活游戏规则，但网格不是无限的-图像外部有边界单元。最初有30％的细胞存活。

这是网格的样子：

现场版：

蓝色细胞存活，白色细胞死亡。红细胞刚刚死亡，绿色刚刚诞生。请注意，图像中的伪像是gif压缩的结果，因此不喜欢10MB gifs :(。

静物：（+ 2）

振荡器T = 2，T = 3，T = 12：（+9）

振荡器T = 6，T = 7：（+6）

还有更多不同的振荡器...但是似乎网格对于船舶来说不够规则...

这没什么（没分），但是我喜欢它：

该代码是一团糟:)使用一些古老的固定OpenGL。否则，将GLEW，GLFW，GLM和ImageMagick用于gif导出。

/**
 * Tile pattern generation is inspired by the code 
 * on http://www.jaapsch.net/tilings/
 * It saved me a lot of thinkink (and debugging) - thank you, sir!
 */

#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <FTGL/ftgl.h>  //debug only
#include <ImageMagick-6/Magick++.h> //gif export
#include "glm/glm.hpp" 

#include <iostream>
#include <array>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
#include <unistd.h>

typedef glm::vec2 Point;
typedef glm::vec3 Color;

struct Tile {
    enum State {ALIVE=0, DEAD, BORN, DIED, SIZE};

    static const int VERTICES = 5;
    static constexpr float SCALE = 0.13f;
    static constexpr std::array<std::array<int, 7>, 18> DESC 
    {{
        {{1, 0,0, 0,0,0, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2, 0,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3, 0,2,3, 1}},
        {{1, 0,4, 0,0,1, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2, 3,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3, 3,2,3, 1}},
        {{1, 0,4, 3,0,1, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2, 6,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3, 6,2,3, 1}},
        {{1, 0,4, 6,0,1, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2, 9,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3, 9,2,3, 1}},
        {{1, 0,4, 9,0,1, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2,12,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3,12,2,3, 1}},
        {{1, 0,4,12,0,1, 0}},
        {{0, 1,2,15,2,1, 0}},
        {{2, 2,3,15,2,3, 1}}
    }};

    const int ID;
    std::vector<Point> coords;
    std::set<Tile*> neighbours;
    State state;
    State nextState;
    Color color;

    Tile() : ID(-1), state(DEAD), nextState(DEAD), color(1, 1, 1) {
        const float ln = 0.6f;
        const float h = ln * sqrt(3) / 2.f;
        coords = {
            Point(0.f,      0.f), 
            Point(ln,       0.f), 
            Point(ln*3/2.f,h), 
            Point(ln,       h*4/3.f), 
            Point(ln/2.f,   h)
        };
        for(auto &c : coords) {
            c *= SCALE;
        }
    }

    Tile(const int id, const std::vector<Point> coords_) : 
        ID(id), coords(coords_), state(DEAD), nextState(DEAD), color(1, 1, 1) {}

    bool operator== (const Tile &other) const {
        return ID == other.ID;
    }

    const Point & operator[] (const int i) const {
        return coords[i];
    }
    void updateState() {
        state = nextState;
    }
    /// returns "old" state
    bool isDead() const {
        return state == DEAD || state == DIED;
    }
    /// returns "old" state
    bool isAlive() const {
        return state == ALIVE || state == BORN;
    }

    void translate(const Point &p) {
       for(auto &c : coords) {
           c += p;
       }
    }

    void rotate(const Point &p, const float angle) {
        const float si = sin(angle);
        const float co = cos(angle);
        for(auto &c : coords) {
            Point tmp = c - p;
            c.x = tmp.x * co - tmp.y * si + p.x;
            c.y = tmp.y * co + tmp.x * si + p.y;
        }      
    }

    void mirror(const float y2) {
       for(auto &c : coords) {
          c.y = y2 - (c.y - y2);
       }
    }

};
std::array<std::array<int, 7>, 18> constexpr Tile::DESC;
constexpr float Tile::SCALE;

class Game {
    static const int    CHANCE_TO_LIVE  = 30;       //% of cells initially alive
    static const int    dim             = 4;        //evil grid param

    FTGLPixmapFont &font;
    std::vector<Tile> tiles;
    bool animate; //animate death/birth
    bool debug; //show cell numbers (very slow)
    bool exportGif;     //save gif
    bool run;

public: 
    Game(FTGLPixmapFont& font) : font(font), animate(false), debug(false), exportGif(false), run(false) {
        //create the initial pattern
        std::vector<Tile> init(18);
        for(int i = 0; i < Tile::DESC.size(); ++i) {
            auto &desc = Tile::DESC[i];
            Tile &tile = init[i];
            switch(desc[0]) {   //just to check the grid
                case 0: tile.color = Color(1, 1, 1);break;
                case 1: tile.color = Color(1, 0.7, 0.7);break;
                case 2: tile.color = Color(0.7, 0.7, 1);break;
            }

            if(desc[3] != i) {
                const Tile &tile2 = init[desc[3]];
                tile.translate(tile2[desc[4]] - tile[desc[1]]);
                if(desc[6] != 0) {
                   float angleRad = getAngle(tile[desc[1]], tile[desc[2]]);
                   tile.rotate(tile[desc[1]], -angleRad);
                   tile.mirror(tile[desc[1]].y);
                   angleRad = getAngle(tile[desc[1]], tile2[desc[5]]);
                   tile.rotate(tile[desc[1]], angleRad);
                }
                else {
                   float angleRad = getAngle(tile[desc[1]], tile[desc[2]], tile2[desc[5]]);
                   tile.rotate(tile[desc[1]], angleRad);
                }
            }
        }

        const float offsets[4] {
            init[2][8].x - init[8][9].x,
            init[2][10].y - init[8][11].y,
            init[8][12].x - init[14][13].x,
            init[8][14].y - init[14][15].y 
        };

        // create all the tiles
        for(int dx = -dim; dx <= dim; ++dx) { //fuck bounding box, let's hardcode it
            for(int dy = -dim; dy <= dim; ++dy) {

                for(auto &tile : init) {
                    std::vector<Point> vert;
                    for(auto &p : tile.coords) {
                        float ax = dx * offsets[0] + dy * offsets[2];
                        float ay = dx * offsets[1] + dy * offsets[3];
                        vert.push_back(Point(p.x + ax, p.y + ay));
                    }
                    tiles.push_back(Tile(tiles.size(), vert));
                    tiles.back().color = tile.color;
                    tiles.back().state = tile.state;
                }
            }
        }

        //stupid bruteforce solution, but who's got time to think..
        for(Tile &tile : tiles) { //find neighbours for each cell 
            for(Tile &t : tiles) {
                if(tile == t) continue;
                for(Point &p : t.coords) {
                    for(Point &pt : tile.coords) {
                        if(glm::distance(p, pt) < 0.01 ) {
                            tile.neighbours.insert(&t);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            assert(tile.neighbours.size() <= 9);
        }   
    }

    void init() {
        for(auto &t : tiles) {
            if(rand() % 100 < CHANCE_TO_LIVE) {
                t.state = Tile::BORN;
            }
            else {
                t.state = Tile::DEAD;           
            }
        }
    }

    void update() {
        for(auto &tile: tiles) {
            //check colors
            switch(tile.state) {
                case Tile::BORN:    //animate birth
                    tile.color.g -= 0.05;
                    tile.color.b += 0.05;
                    if(tile.color.b > 0.9) {
                        tile.state = Tile::ALIVE;
                    }
                    break;
                case Tile::DIED:    //animate death
                    tile.color += 0.05;
                    if(tile.color.g > 0.9) {
                        tile.state = Tile::DEAD;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            //fix colors after animation
            switch(tile.state) {
                case Tile::ALIVE:
                    tile.color = Color(0, 0, 1);
                    break;
                case Tile::DEAD:
                    tile.color = Color(1, 1, 1);
                    break;
            }

            //draw polygons
            glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
            glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
            glColor3f(tile.color.r, tile.color.g, tile.color.b);
            for(auto &pt : tile.coords) {
                glVertex2f(pt.x, pt.y); //haha so oldschool!
            }
            glEnd();
        }

        //draw grid
        glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
        glColor3f(0, 0, 0);
        for(auto &tile : tiles) {
            glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
            Point c;    //centroid of tile
            for(auto &pt : tile.coords) {
                glVertex2f(pt.x, pt.y);
                c += pt;
            }
            glEnd();
            if(debug) {
                c /= (float) Tile::VERTICES;
                glRasterPos2f(c.x - 0.025, c.y - 0.01);
                font.Render(std::to_string(tile.ID).c_str()); // 
            }
        }

        if(!run) {
            return;
        }

        //compute new generation
        for(Tile &tile: tiles) {

            tile.nextState = tile.state; //initialize next state
            int c = 0;
            for(auto *n : tile.neighbours) {
                if(n->isAlive()) c++;
            }
            switch(c) {
                case 2:
                    break;
                case 3:
                    if(tile.isDead()) {
                        tile.nextState = animate ? Tile::BORN : Tile::ALIVE;
                        tile.color = Color(0, 1, 0);
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    if(tile.isAlive()) {
                        tile.nextState = animate ? Tile::DIED : Tile::DEAD;
                        tile.color = Color(1, 0, 0);
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
        //switch state to new
        for(Tile &tile: tiles) {
            tile.updateState();
        }
    }

    void stop() {run = false;}
    void switchRun() {run = !run;}
    bool isRun() {return run;}
    void switchAnim() {animate = !animate;}
    bool isAnim() {return animate;}
    void switchExportGif() {exportGif = !exportGif;}
    bool isExportGif() {return exportGif;}
    void switchDebug() {debug = !debug;}
    bool isDebug() const {return debug;}
 private:
    static float getAngle(const Point &p0, const Point &p1, Point const &p2) {
       return atan2(p2.y - p0.y, p2.x - p0.x) - atan2(p1.y - p0.y, p1.x - p0.x);
    }

    static float getAngle(const Point &p0, const Point &p1) {
       return atan2(p1.y - p0.y, p1.x - p0.x);
    }
};

class Controlls {
    Game *game;
    std::vector<Magick::Image> *gif;
    Controlls() : game(nullptr), gif(nullptr) {}
public:
    static Controlls& getInstance() {
        static Controlls instance;
        return instance;
    }

    static void keyboardAction(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) {
        getInstance().keyboardActionImpl(key, action);
    }

    void setGame(Game *game) {
        this->game = game;
    }
    void setGif(std::vector<Magick::Image> *gif) {
        this->gif = gif;
    }
private:    
    void keyboardActionImpl(int key, int action) {
        if(!game || action == GLFW_RELEASE) {
            return;
        }
        switch (key) {
            case 'R':
                game->stop();
                game->init();
                if(gif) gif->clear();
                break;
            case GLFW_KEY_SPACE:
                game->switchRun();
                break;
            case 'A':
                game->switchAnim();
                break;
            case 'D':
                game->switchDebug();
                break;
                break;
            case 'G':
                game->switchExportGif();
                break;
        };
    }
};

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    const int width         = 620;      //window size
    const int height        = 620;
    const std::string window_title  ("Game of life!");
    const std::string font_file     ("/usr/share/fonts/truetype/arial.ttf");
    const std::string gif_file      ("./gol.gif");

    if(!glfwInit()) return 1;

    GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(width, height, window_title.c_str(), NULL, NULL);
    glfwSetWindowPos(window, 100, 100);
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

    GLuint err = glewInit();
    if (err != GLEW_OK) return 2;

    FTGLPixmapFont font(font_file.c_str());
    if(font.Error()) return 3;
    font.FaceSize(8);

    std::vector<Magick::Image> gif; //gif export
    std::vector<GLfloat> pixels(3 * width * height);

    Game gol(font);
    gol.init();
    Controlls &controlls = Controlls::getInstance();
    controlls.setGame(&gol);
    controlls.setGif(&gif);

    glfwSetKeyCallback(window, Controlls::keyboardAction);

    glClearColor(1.f, 1.f, 1.f, 0);
    while(!glfwWindowShouldClose(window) && !glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE)) {
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        gol.update();

        //add layer to gif
        if(gol.isExportGif()) {
            glReadPixels(0, 0, width, height, GL_RGB, GL_FLOAT, &pixels[0]);
            Magick::Image image(width, height, "RGB", Magick::FloatPixel, &pixels[0]);
            image.animationDelay(50);
            gif.push_back(image);
        }

        std::string info = "ANIMATE (A): ";
        info += gol.isAnim() ? "ON " : "OFF";
        info += " | DEBUG (D): ";
        info += gol.isDebug() ? "ON " : "OFF";
        info += " | EXPORT GIF (G): ";
        info += gol.isExportGif() ? "ON " : "OFF";
        info += gol.isRun() ? " | STOP (SPACE)" : " | START (SPACE)";
        font.FaceSize(10);
        glRasterPos2f(-.95f, -.99f);
        font.Render(info.c_str());

        if(gol.isDebug()) font.FaceSize(8);
        if(!gol.isDebug()) usleep(50000); //not so fast please!

        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
    }

    //save gif to file
    if(gol.isExportGif()) {
        std::cout << "saving " << gif.size() << " frames to gol.gif\n";
        gif.back().write("./last.png");
        Magick::writeImages(gif.begin(), gif.end(), gif_file);
    }

    glfwTerminate();
    return 0;
}

走， ？点数

因此，我编写了一个程序，该程序采用图块的gif或png并对其运行，而不是将自己固定在特定的图块上。gif / png必须为所有图块使用单一颜色。

package main

import (
    "flag"
    "image"
    "image/color"
    "image/gif"
    "image/png"
    "math/rand"
    "os"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    flag.Parse()
    filename := flag.Args()[0]
    r, err := os.Open(filename)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    var i image.Image
    if strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".gif") {
        i, err = gif.Decode(r)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
    }
    if strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".png") {
        i, err = png.Decode(r)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
    }

    // find background color
    back := background(i)

    // find connected regions
    n, m := regions(i, back)

    // find edges between regions
    edges := graph(i, m)

    // run life on the tiling
    life(i, n, m, edges)
}

// Find the most-common occurring color.
// This is the "background" color.
func background(i image.Image) color.Color {
    hist := map[color.Color]int{}
    b := i.Bounds()
    for y := b.Min.Y; y < b.Max.Y; y++ {
        for x := b.Min.X; x < b.Max.X; x++ {
            hist[i.At(x, y)]++
        }
    }
    maxn := 0
    var maxc color.Color
    for c, n := range hist {
        if n > maxn {
            maxn = n
            maxc = c
        }
    }
    return maxc
}

// find connected regions.  Returns # of regions and a map from pixels to their region numbers.
func regions(i image.Image, back color.Color) (int, map[image.Point]int) {

    // m maps each background point to a region #
    m := map[image.Point]int{}

    // number regions consecutively
    id := 0

    b := i.Bounds()
    for y := b.Min.Y; y < b.Max.Y; y++ {
        for x := b.Min.X; x < b.Max.X; x++ {
            if i.At(x, y) != back {
                continue
            }
            p := image.Point{x, y}
            if _, ok := m[p]; ok {
                continue // already in a region
            }
            q := []image.Point{p}
            m[p] = id
            k := 0
            for k < len(q) {
                z := q[k]
                k++
                for _, n := range [4]image.Point{{z.X - 1, z.Y}, {z.X + 1, z.Y}, {z.X, z.Y - 1}, {z.X, z.Y + 1}} {
                    if !n.In(b) || i.At(n.X, n.Y) != back {
                        continue
                    }
                    if _, ok := m[n]; ok {
                        continue
                    }
                    m[n] = id
                    q = append(q, n)

                }
            }
            if len(q) < 10 {
                // really tiny region - probably junk in input data
                for _, n := range q {
                    delete(m, n)
                }
                continue
            }
            id++
        }
    }
    return id, m
}

// edge between two regions.  r < s.
type edge struct {
    r, s int
}

// returns a set of edges between regions.
func graph(i image.Image, m map[image.Point]int) map[edge]struct{} {
    // delta = max allowed spacing between adjacent regions
    const delta = 6
    e := map[edge]struct{}{}
    for p, r := range m {
        for dx := -delta; dx <= delta; dx++ {
            for dy := -delta; dy <= delta; dy++ {
                n := image.Point{p.X + dx, p.Y + dy}
                if _, ok := m[n]; !ok {
                    continue
                }
                if m[n] > r {
                    e[edge{r, m[n]}] = struct{}{}
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return e
}

// run life engine
// i = image
// n = # of regions
// m = map from points to their region #
// edges = set of edges between regions
func life(i image.Image, n int, m map[image.Point]int, edges map[edge]struct{}) {
    b := i.Bounds()
    live := make([]bool, n)
    nextlive := make([]bool, n)
    palette := []color.Color{color.RGBA{0, 0, 0, 255}, color.RGBA{128, 0, 0, 255}, color.RGBA{255, 255, 128, 255}} // lines, on, off
    var frames []*image.Paletted
    var delays []int

    // pick random starting lives
    for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
        if rand.Int()%2 == 0 {
            live[j] = true
            nextlive[j] = true
        }
    }
    for round := 0; round < 100; round++ {
        // count live neighbors
        neighbors := make([]int, n)
        for e := range edges {
            if live[e.r] {
                neighbors[e.s]++
            }
            if live[e.s] {
                neighbors[e.r]++
            }
        }

        for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
            nextlive[j] = neighbors[j] == 3 || (live[j] && neighbors[j] == 2)
        }

        // add a frame
        frame := image.NewPaletted(b, palette)
        for y := b.Min.Y; y < b.Max.Y; y++ {
            for x := b.Min.X; x < b.Max.X; x++ {
                frame.SetColorIndex(x, y, 0)
            }
        }
        for p, r := range m {
            if live[r] {
                frame.SetColorIndex(p.X, p.Y, 1)
            } else {
                frame.SetColorIndex(p.X, p.Y, 2)
            }
        }
        frames = append(frames, frame)
        delays = append(delays, 30)

        live, nextlive = nextlive, live
    }

    // write animated gif of result
    w, err := os.Create("animated.gif")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    gif.EncodeAll(w, &gif.GIF{Image: frames, Delay: delays, LoopCount: 100})
    w.Close()
}

然后我只是上网，获取了一些有趣的平铺图像，并在它们上运行了程序。

go run life.go penrose1.go

它会生成一个名为“ animated.gif”的文件，其中包含给定拼贴的100步寿命模拟。

标准寿命：

彭罗斯瓷砖：

上方有一个周期为12的振荡器。

上面的一个具有周期3的振荡器。

Java-11（ish）点

带有功能齐全的互动环境！

编辑

发现致命缺陷:(

有效区域的路径受其最初形成的区域的限制。为了通过方形-双五边形屏障，一个必须在另一侧具有预阴影区域。这是因为其下方的每个形状仅接触其上方两个区域。这意味着没有太空飞船或没有任何东西扩张，这限制了可能性。我将尝试其他模式。

但！！！如果您仍然想尝试，请在这里尝试。

震荡器

不知道该怎么称呼-另一个振荡器

这看起来有点像忍者明星-静物

这个看起来像只苍蝇-静物

另一个振荡器

编辑

找到另一个振荡器。我把这只叫鹰。

嘿! 另一个振荡器！（期间4）风车。

2期1期。

似乎存在一种使外部与内部隔离的结构。这个（和前面的例子）使用它。唯一可以打破框框的方法是，如果边界正方形之一在开始时（到目前为止）仍然存在。顺便说一下，这是眨眼-时段2。

我在eclipse中构建了此文件，并且有多个文件。他们来了。

主班-

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Main();
    }

    Canvas canvas = new Canvas();
    JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    Timer timer;
    ShapeInfo info;
    int[][][] history;
    public Main() {
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(500,500));
        panel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

        frame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(500,500));
        frame.getContentPane().add(panel);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //frame.setResizable(false);
        canvas.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(200,200));
        GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints();
        c.gridx = 0;
        c.gridy = 2;
        c.weightx = 1;
        c.weighty = 1;
        c.gridwidth = 2;
        c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
        panel.add(canvas,c);

        JButton startButton = new JButton();
        startButton.setText("click to start");
        startButton.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(100,50));
        GridBagConstraints g = new GridBagConstraints();
        g.gridx =0;
        g.gridy = 0;
        g.weightx = 1;
        panel.add(startButton,g);

        JButton restartButton = new JButton();
        restartButton.setText("revert");
        GridBagConstraints b = new GridBagConstraints();
        b.gridx = 0;
        b.gridy = 9;
        panel.add(restartButton,b);

        JButton clearButton = new JButton();
        clearButton.setText("Clear");
        GridBagConstraints grid = new GridBagConstraints();
        grid.gridx = 1;
        grid.gridy = 0;
        panel.add(clearButton,grid);

        clearButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                info = new ShapeInfo(canvas.squaresWide,canvas.squaresHigh);
                restart();
            }
        });

        final JTextField scaleFactor = new JTextField();
        scaleFactor.setText("5");
        GridBagConstraints gh = new GridBagConstraints();
        gh.gridx  = 0;
        gh.gridy = 1;
        panel.add(scaleFactor,gh);
        scaleFactor.getDocument().addDocumentListener(new DocumentListener(){

            @Override
            public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent arg0) {
                doSomething();
            }

            @Override
            public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent arg0) {
                doSomething();
            }

            @Override
            public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent arg0) {
                doSomething();
            }
            public void doSomething(){
                try{
                canvas.size = Integer.valueOf(scaleFactor.getText());
                canvas.draw(info.allShapes);
                }
                catch(Exception e){}
            }

        });
        timer = new Timer(1000, listener);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        info = new ShapeInfo(canvas.squaresWide, canvas.squaresHigh);
        info.width = canvas.squaresWide;
        info.height = canvas.squaresHigh;
        history = cloneArray(info.allShapes);
        //history[8][11][1] = 1;
        canvas.draw(info.allShapes);
        restartButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                if(timer.isRunning() == true){
                    info.allShapes = cloneArray(history);
                    restart();
                }
            }
        });
        canvas.addMouseListener(new MouseListener(){
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                int x = e.getLocationOnScreen().x - canvas.getLocationOnScreen().x;
                int y = e.getLocationOnScreen().y - canvas.getLocationOnScreen().y;
                Point location = new Point(x,y);
                for(PolygonInfo p:canvas.polygons){
                    if(p.polygon.contains(location)){
                        if(info.allShapes[p.x][p.y][p.position-1] == 1){
                            info.allShapes[p.x][p.y][p.position-1] = 0;
                        }
                        else{
                            info.allShapes[p.x][p.y][p.position-1] = 1;
                        }
                    }
                }
                canvas.draw(info.allShapes);
                history = cloneArray(info.allShapes);
            }
            @Override
            public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent arg0) {
            }
            @Override
            public void mouseExited(MouseEvent arg0) {
            }
            @Override
            public void mousePressed(MouseEvent arg0) { 
            }
            @Override
            public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent arg0) {    
            }
        });
        startButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                timer.start();
            }
        });
    }
    public int[][][] cloneArray(int[][][] array){
        int[][][] newArray = new int[array.length][array[0].length][array[0][0].length];
        for(int x = 0;x<array.length;x++){
            int[][] subArray = array[x];
            for(int y = 0; y < subArray.length;y++){
                int subSubArray[] = subArray[y];
                newArray[x][y] = subSubArray.clone();
            }
        }
        return newArray;
    }
    public void restart(){
        timer.stop();
        canvas.draw(info.allShapes);
    }
    public void setUp(){
        int[] boxes = new int[]{2,3,4,6,7,8};
        for(int box:boxes){
            info.allShapes[8][12][box-1] = 1;
            info.allShapes[9][13][box-1] = 1;
            info.allShapes[8][14][box-1] = 1;
            info.allShapes[9][15][box-1] = 1;
        }
    }
    public void update() {
        ArrayList<Coordinate> dieList = new ArrayList<Coordinate>();
        ArrayList<Coordinate> appearList = new ArrayList<Coordinate>();
        for (int x = 0; x < canvas.squaresWide; x++) {
            for (int y = 0; y < canvas.squaresHigh; y++) {
                for(int position = 0;position <9;position++){
                    int alive = info.allShapes[x][y][position];
                    int touching = info.shapesTouching(x, y, position+1);
                    if(touching!=0){
                    }
                    if(alive == 1){
                        if(touching < 2 || touching > 3){
                            //cell dies
                            dieList.add(new Coordinate(x,y,position));
                        }
                    }
                    else{
                        if(touching == 3){
                            //cell appears
                            appearList.add(new Coordinate(x,y,position));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        for(Coordinate die:dieList){
            info.allShapes[die.x][die.y][die.position] = 0;
        }
        for(Coordinate live:appearList){
            info.allShapes[live.x][live.y][live.position] = 1;
        }
    }
    boolean firstDraw = true;
    int ticks = 0;
    ActionListener listener = new ActionListener() {
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
            canvas.draw(info.allShapes);
            if(ticks !=0){
            update();
            }
            ticks++;
        }
    };
}