C＃-大规模，缓慢且低效的解决方案
告白：前段时间还没有解决问题时就写了这个解决方案，但这不是很好：您可以做得更好！
编辑：用更无聊，更灵活和通常更好的方法代替了无聊的解决方案
您可以通过编译来运行程序csc dominoPrinter.cs，然后将参数传递给可执行文件，例如（4位素数检查器）：
dominoPrinter.exe 4 1 0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1
说明：
“ Domino打印机”是一个三阶段程序：
第1阶段：“求解器”使用给定的输入生成一个“ ifnot”和“或”二进制运算的表达式树，在电力线中生成一个“ 1”，这取决于输入的数量，有两种方法：
“求解器”是所有时间（或者至少是以前使用的），并且也是大多数代码。我相信有一个文档齐全的，快速的，不是那么耗费内存的并且可能是此问题的最佳解决方案，但是查找它的乐趣在哪里呢？
4位素数检查器的（brute）表达式树为
((2 or 1) ifnot (((0 ifnot 1) or ((1 ifnot 0) or (0 ifnot 2))) ifnot 3))
数字是输入的索引。
第2阶段：“组织者”将表达式树作为输入，并组装“骨架”布局，该布局精确地描述了由一组4x5重叠单元组成的多米诺布局。下面是无用的4位素数检查程序的框架（您需要将bruteBase第473行的整数变量更改为4（或更大）才能得到此结果）。
18 9
I ___ _ _______ O
v _ X X ____ uu
I X X X u UU/
v X X v ___///
I X X \ u //
v X \ v __//
I_X \ \_u /
\ \ ___/
\_U
该输出实际上由两部分组成，右侧的“ evaluator”是从第1阶段的表达式树创建的，而左侧的“ switchboard”是交换和拆分输入的，以便它们到达由“评估者”处理的正确位置。
这时有很大的空间来压缩布局，但是该程序目前很少进行这种工作。此阶段的代码很恐怖，但其底层非常简单（请参见“ orifnot”方法）。输出将传递到阶段3。
第3阶段：“打印机”从“组织者”获取输出，并与电源线一起打印相应的4x5重叠“单元”。下面是一个动画的4位素数检查器的动画，检查5是否为素数。
缺少缩进的代码是为了避免超过SE 30k字符限制，否则它将超过：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace dominoPrinter
{
class Program
{
static string bstring(bool[] barr)
{
string str = "";
foreach (bool b in barr)
str += b?1:0;
return str;
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
int inputCount;
val[] vals = resolveVals(args[0], args[1], args[2], out inputCount);
System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter();
orifnot(inputCount, vals, sw);
System.IO.StringReader sr = new System.IO.StringReader(sw.ToString());
printDominoes(sr, Console.Out, args.Length > 3 && args[3] == "quite");
}
public abstract class val
{
public int size;
public bool[] rs;
public abstract string strness();
}
public class baseVal : val
{
public bool b;
public int id;
public baseVal(int idN)
{
id = idN;
size = 1;
}
public override string strness()
{
return id.ToString();
}
}
public abstract class biopVal : val
{
public val a, b;
public biopVal(val aN, val bN)
{
a = aN;
b = bN;
size = a.size + b.size;
}
public bool buildCheckApply(nodev ntree)
{
nodev cur = ntree;
rs = new bool[a.rs.Length];
bool notOK = true;
for (int i = 0; i < rs.Length; i++)
{
bool r = rs[i] = go(a.rs[i], b.rs[i]);
if (notOK)
{
if (r)
{
if (cur.a == null)
notOK = false;
else
{
cur = cur.a;
if (cur == nodev.full)
return false;
}
}
else
{
if (cur.b == null)
notOK = false;
else
{
cur = cur.b;
if (cur == nodev.full)
return false;
}
}
}
}
ntree.apply(this, 0);
return true;
}
public abstract bool go(bool a, bool b);
}
public class ifnotVal : biopVal
{
public override bool go(bool a, bool b)
{
return a ? false : b; // b IF NOT a, else FALSE
}
public ifnotVal(val aN, val bN) : base(aN, bN)
{
}
public override string strness()
{
return "(" + b.strness() + " ifnot " + a.strness() + ")";
}
}
public class orval : biopVal
{
public override bool go(bool a, bool b)
{
return a || b; // a OR b
}
public orval(val aN, val bN) : base(aN, bN)
{
}
public override string strness()
{
return "(" + b.strness() + " or " + a.strness() + ")";
}
}
static bool boolCompare(bool[] a, bool b)
{
for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
{
if (a[i] != b)
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
static bool boolFlat(bool[] a)
{
bool p = a[0];
for (int i = 1; i < a.Length; i++)
{
if (a[i] != p)
return false;
}
return true;
}
static bool boolCompare(bool[] a, bool[] b)
{
if (a.Length != b.Length)
return false; // let's do this proeprly
for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
{
if (a[i] != b[i])
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// solver
// these is something VERY WRONG with the naming in this code
public class nodev
{
public static nodev full = new nodev();
public nodev a, b;
public nodev()
{
a = null;
b = null;
}
public bool contains(bool[] rs)
{
nodev cur = this;
if (cur == full)
return true;
for (int i = 0; i < rs.Length; i++)
{
if (rs[i])
{
if (cur.a == null)
return false;
cur = cur.a;
}
else
{
if (cur.b == null)
return false;
cur = cur.b;
}
if (cur == full)
return true;
}
return true;
}
public bool contains(val v)
{
nodev cur = this;
if (cur == full)
return true;
for (int i = 0; i < v.rs.Length; i++)
{
if (v.rs[i])
{
if (cur.a == null)
return false;
cur = cur.a;
}
else
{
if (cur.b == null)
return false;
cur = cur.b;
}
if (cur == full)
return true;
}
return true;
}
// returns whether it's full or not
public bool apply(val v, int idx)
{
if (v.rs[idx])
{
if (a == null)
{
if (idx == v.rs.Length - 1)
{ // end of the line, fellas
a = full;
if (b == full)
return true;
return false;
}
else
{
a = new nodev();
}
}
if (a.apply(v, idx + 1))
a = full;
if (a == full && b == full)
return true;
}
else
{
if (b == null)
{
if (idx == v.rs.Length - 1)
{ // end of the line, fellas
b = full;
if (a == full)
return true;
return false;
}
else
{
b = new nodev();
}
}
if (b.apply(v, idx + 1))
b = full;
if (a == full && b == full)
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
public static void sortOutIVals(baseVal[] ivals, int rc)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ivals.Length; i++)
{
ivals[i].rs = new bool[rc];
ivals[i].b = false;
}
int eri = 0;
goto next;
again:
for (int i = ivals.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (ivals[i].b == false)
{
ivals[i].b = true;
goto next;
}
ivals[i].b = false;
}
return;
next:
for (int i = ivals.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
ivals[i].rs[eri] = ivals[i].b;
}
eri++;
goto again;
}
public static val[] resolve(int inputCount, int c, bool[][] erss, out baseVal[] inputs)
{
val[] res = new val[erss.Length];
List<List<val>> bvals = new List<List<val>>();
nodev ntree = new nodev();
List<val> nvals = new List<val>();
baseVal tval = new baseVal(-1);
baseVal fval = new baseVal(-2);
baseVal[] ivals = new baseVal[inputCount];
inputs = new baseVal[inputCount + 2];
for (int i = 0; i < inputCount; i++)
{
ivals[i] = new baseVal(i); // value will change anyway
inputs[i] = ivals[i];
}
inputs[inputCount] = fval;
inputs[inputCount + 1] = tval;
sortOutIVals(ivals, c);
for (int i = 0; i < inputCount; i++)
{
nvals.Add(ivals[i]);
}
tval.rs = new bool[c];
fval.rs = new bool[c];
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
tval.rs[i] = true;
fval.rs[i] = false;
}
nvals.Add(tval);
nvals.Add(fval); // ifnot and or do nothing with falses
bvals.Add(new List<val>());
foreach (val v in nvals)
{
ntree.apply(v, 0);
if (!boolFlat(v.rs))
bvals[0].Add(v); // I trust these are distinct..
}
Func<biopVal, bool> checkValb = (v) =>
{
if (!v.buildCheckApply(ntree))
{
return false;
}
bvals[v.size-1].Add(v);
return true;
};
Action<biopVal, List<val>> checkVal = (v, li) =>
{
if (checkValb(v))
li.Add(v);
};
int maxSize = 1;
again:
for (int i = 0; i < erss.Length; i++)
{
bool[] ers = erss[i];
if (res[i] == null && ntree.contains(ers))
{
// there is a reason this is separate... I'm sure there is....
foreach (val rv in nvals)
{
if (boolCompare(rv.rs, ers))
{
res[i] = rv;
break;
}
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < erss.Length; i++)
{
if (res[i] == null)
goto notoveryet;
}
return res;
notoveryet:
maxSize++;
bvals.Add(new List<val>()); // bvals[maxSize-1] always exists
nvals.Clear();
long cc = 0;
List<val> sbvals = bvals[maxSize - 2];
// NOTs have a habit of working out, get it checked first
for (int i = sbvals.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{ // also known as nvals, but let's ignore that
val arv = sbvals[i];
checkVal(new ifnotVal(arv, tval), nvals);
cc += 1;
}
for (int s = 1; s < maxSize; s++)
{
List<val> abvals = bvals[s - 1];
int t = maxSize - s;
if (t < s)
break;
List<val> bbvals = bvals[t - 1];
for (int i = abvals.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
val arv = abvals[i];
int jt = t == s ? i : bbvals.Count - 1;
for (int j = jt; j >= 0; j--)
{
val brv = bbvals[j];
checkVal(new ifnotVal(brv, arv), nvals);
checkVal(new ifnotVal(arv, brv), nvals);
checkVal(new orval(brv, arv), nvals); // don't technically need ors, but they are good fun
cc += 3;
}
}
}
int bc = 0;
foreach (List<val> bv in bvals)
bc += bv.Count;
goto again;
}
public static val[] resolveVals(string mStr, string nStr, string erStr, out int inputCount)
{
int ic = int.Parse(mStr);
int oc = int.Parse(nStr);
inputCount = ic;
int bruteBase = 3;
if (inputCount <= bruteBase)
return resolveVals(ic, oc, erStr);
else
return resolveValFours(bruteBase, ic, oc, erStr);
}
public static val joinVals(val low, val high, baseVal inp, baseVal tval, baseVal fval)
{
val lowCut = low == fval ? (val)fval : low == tval ? (val)new ifnotVal(inp, tval) : (val)new ifnotVal(inp, low);
val highCut = high == fval ? (val)fval : high == tval ? (val)inp : (val)new ifnotVal(new ifnotVal(inp, tval), high);
if (highCut == fval)
return lowCut;
if (lowCut == fval)
return highCut;
return new orval(highCut, lowCut);
}
public static val resolveValFour(int n, int m, int inputCount, bool[] ers)
{
// solves fours
int fc = ers.Length / m;
bool[][] fours = new bool[fc][];
for (int i = 0; i < fc; i++)
{
fours[i] = new bool[m];
for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
{
fours[i][j] = ers[i*m+j];
}
}
baseVal[] inputs;
val[] fres = resolve(n, m, fours, out inputs);
baseVal tval = inputs[inputs.Length - 1];
baseVal fval = inputs[inputs.Length - 2];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
inputs[i].id += inputCount - n;
}
// assemble
for (int i = 0, c = 1; c < fc; c *= 2, i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j + c < fc; j += c * 2)
{
fres[j] = joinVals(fres[j], fres[j+c], new baseVal((inputCount - n - 1) - i), tval, fval);
}
}
return fres[0];
}
public static val[] resolveValFours(int n, int inputCount, int outputCount, string erStr)
{
int m = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
m *= 2;
val[] res = new val[outputCount];
string[] data = erStr.Split(',');
for (int i = 0; i < outputCount; i++)
{
bool[] ers = new bool[data.Length];
for (int j = 0; j < data.Length; j++)
ers[j] = data[j][i] == '1';
res[i] = resolveValFour(n, m, inputCount, ers);
}
return res;
}
public static val[] resolveVals(int inputCount, int outputCount, string erStr)
{
val[] res;
string[] data = erStr.Split(',');
bool[][] erss = new bool[outputCount][];
for (int i = 0; i < outputCount; i++)
{
bool[] ers = new bool[data.Length];
for (int j = 0; j < data.Length; j++)
ers[j] = data[j][i] == '1';
erss[i] = ers;
}
baseVal[] inputs; // no need
res = resolve(inputCount, data.Length, erss, out inputs);
return res;
}
// organiser
public class vnode
{
private static vnode[] emptyVC = new vnode[0];
public static vnode oneVN = new vnode('1');
public static vnode noVN = new vnode(' ');
public static vnode flatVN = new vnode('_');
public static vnode moveUpVN = new vnode('/');
public static vnode moveDownVN = new vnode('\\');
public static vnode inputVN = new vnode('I');
public static vnode outputVN = new vnode('O');
public static vnode swapVN = new vnode('X');
public static vnode splitDownVN = new vnode('v');
public int size;
public vnode[] children;
public char c;
public int id = -3;
public vnode(char cN)
{
c = cN;
children = emptyVC;
size = 1;
}
public vnode(val v)
{
biopVal bv = v as biopVal;
if (bv != null)
{
children = new vnode[2];
children[0] = new vnode(bv.a);
children[1] = new vnode(bv.b);
size = children[0].size + children[1].size;
if (bv is orval)
c = 'U';
if (bv is ifnotVal)
c = 'u';
}
else
{
children = emptyVC;
size = 1;
c = 'I';
id = ((baseVal)v).id;
}
}
}
public class nonArray<T>
{
public int w = 0, h = 0;
Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, T>> map;
public nonArray()
{
map = new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, T>>();
}
public T this[int x, int y]
{
get
{
Dictionary<int, T> yd;
if (map.TryGetValue(x, out yd))
{
T v;
if (yd.TryGetValue(y, out v))
{
return v;
}
}
return default(T);
}
set
{
if (x >= w)
w = x + 1;
if (y >= h)
h = y + 1;
Dictionary<int, T> yd;
if (map.TryGetValue(x, out yd))
{
yd[y] = value;
}
else
{
map[x] = new Dictionary<int, T>();
map[x][y] = value;
}
}
}
}
public static int fillOutMap(nonArray<vnode> map, vnode rn, int y, int x)
{
if (rn.children.Length == 0)
{
map[y,x] = rn;
return 1;
}
else
{
map[y+1,x] = rn;
for (int i = 0; i < rn.children.Length; i++)
{
if (i == 0)
{
fillOutMap(map, rn.children[i], y, x + 1);
}
if (i == 1)
{
int ex = x + rn.children[0].size;
for (int j = 1; j < ex - x; j++)
map[y - j + 1,ex - j] = vnode.moveUpVN;
fillOutMap(map, rn.children[i], y, ex);
}
y += rn.children[i].size;
}
}
return rn.size;
}
public static void orifnot(int inputCount, val[] vals, System.IO.TextWriter writer)
{
// step one - build weird tree like thing of death
nonArray<vnode> map = new nonArray<vnode>();
int curY = 0;
foreach (val v in vals)
{
vnode vnt = new vnode(v);
map[curY, 0] = vnode.outputVN;
curY += fillOutMap(map, vnt, curY, 1);
}
// step two - build the thing to get the values to where they need to be
// find Is
List<int> tis = new List<int>();
for (int y = 0; y < map.w; y++)
{
for (int x = map.h - 1; x >= 0; x--)
{
vnode vn = map[y,x];
if (vn != null && vn.c == 'I')
{
tis.Add(vn.id);
if (vn.id > -2)
{
for (;x < map.h; x++)
{
map[y,x] = vnode.flatVN;
}
}
goto next;
}
}
tis.Add(-2);
next:
continue;
}
// I do not like this piece of code, it can be replaced further down for the better if you get round to thinking about it
// add unused Is
for (int z = 0; z < inputCount; z++)
{
if (!tis.Contains(z))
{
int midx = tis.IndexOf(-2);
if (midx != -1)
{
tis[midx] = z;
map[midx,map.h-1] = vnode.noVN;
}
else
{
tis.Add(z);
map[map.w,map.h-1] = vnode.noVN;
}
}
}
int curX = map.h;
MORE:
for (int y = 0; y < map.w; y++)
{
if (y == map.w - 1)
{
if (tis[y] == -2)
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
else
map[y,curX] = vnode.flatVN;
}
else
{
int prev = tis[y];
int cur = tis[y + 1];
if (cur != -2 && (prev == -2 || cur < prev))
{ // swap 'em
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
if (prev == -2)
map[y+1,curX] = vnode.moveDownVN;
else
map[y+1,curX] = vnode.swapVN;
int temp = tis[y];
tis[y] = tis[y + 1];
tis[y + 1] = temp;
y++; // skip
}
else
{
if (/*thatThingThat'sAThing*/ prev == cur && cur != -2)
{
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
map[y+1,curX] = vnode.splitDownVN;
int temp = tis[y];
tis[y+1] = -2;
y++; // skip
}
else
{
if (prev == -2)
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
else
map[y,curX] = vnode.flatVN;
}
}
}
}
// check if sorted
for (int y = 0; y < map.w - 1; y++)
{
int prev = tis[y];
int cur = tis[y + 1];
if (cur != -2 && (prev == -2 || cur < prev))
goto NOTSORTED;
}
goto WHATNOW;
NOTSORTED:
curX++;
goto MORE;
WHATNOW:
tis.Add(-2); // this is to avoid boud checking y+2
// so... it's sorted now, so add the splits
morePlease:
curX++;
for (int y = 0; y < map.w; y++)
{
if (y == map.w - 1)
{
if (tis[y] == -2)
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
else
map[y,curX] = vnode.flatVN;
}
else
{
int prev = tis[y];
int cur = tis[y + 1];
int next = tis[y + 2];
if (cur != -2 && prev == cur && cur != next)
{ // split
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
map[y+1,curX] = vnode.splitDownVN;
tis[y + 1] = -2;
y++; // skip
}
else
{
if (prev == -2)
map[y,curX] = vnode.noVN;
else
map[y,curX] = vnode.flatVN;
}
}
}
// check if collapsed
for (int y = 0; y < map.w - 1; y++)
{
int prev = tis[y];
int cur = tis[y + 1];
if (cur != -2 && prev == cur)
goto morePlease;
}
// ok... now we put in the Is and 1
curX++;
map[0, curX] = vnode.oneVN;
int eyeCount = 0;
int ly = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < map.w; y++)
{
if (tis[y] > -1)
{
map[y, curX] = vnode.inputVN;
eyeCount++;
ly = y;
}
}
// step three - clean up if we can
// push back _ esq things to _
// _/ /
// this /shouldn't/ be necessary if I compact the vals properlu
for (int y = 0; y < map.w - 1; y++)
{
for (int x = 1; x < map.h; x++)
{
if (map[y, x] != null && map[y+1, x] != null && map[y+1, x-1] != null)
{
char uc = map[y+1, x-1].c;
if (map[y, x].c == '_' && map[y+1, x].c == '_'
&& (uc == 'U' || uc == 'u'))
{
map[y, x] = vnode.noVN;
map[y, x-1] = vnode.flatVN;
map[y+1, x] = map[y+1, x-1];
map[y+1, x-1] = vnode.noVN;
}
}
}
}
// step four - write out map
writer.WriteLine(map.h + " " + map.w);
for (int y = 0; y < map.w; y++)
{
for (int x = map.h - 1; x >= 0; x--)
{
vnode vn = map[y,x];
if (vn != null)
writer.Write(vn.c);
else
writer.Write(' ');
}
writer.WriteLine();
}
}
// printer
static string up1 = @" / / / /";
static string input = @" |||||";
static string output = @" | ";
static string flat = @" |/ \ /|\ ";
static string splitDown = @"|// / /\ |\/ / ";
static string splitUp = @" \ |/\ \ \/|\\ ";
static string moveDown = @"|// / / / ";
static string moveUp = @" \ \ \ |\\ ";
static string swap = @"|/ | /\ /\ \/ |\ |";
static string orDown = @"|/ / |/ \ /|\ ";
static string orUp = @"|/ / \ |\ \ |\ ";
static string ifnotDown = @"|/ / - \/ |\ |";
static string ifnotUp = @"|/ | /\ - \ |\ ";
public static void printDominoes(System.IO.TextReader reader, System.IO.TextWriter writer, bool moreverbosemaybe)
{
string line;
string[] data;
line = reader.ReadLine();
data = line.Split(' ');
int w = int.Parse(data[0]);
int h = int.Parse(data[1]);
int ox = 0;
int oy = 0;
int cx = 5;
int cy = 5;
char[,] T = new char[ox + w * cx, oy + h * (cy - 1) + 1];
Action<int, int, string> setBlock = (int x, int y, string str) =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < cx; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cy; j++)
{
char c = str[i + j * cx];
if (c != ' ')
T[ox + x * cx + i, oy + y * (cy - 1) + j] = c;
}
}
};
// read and write
for (int j = 0; j < h; j++)
{
line = reader.ReadLine();
for (int i = 0; i < w; i++)
{
if (line[i] != ' ')
{
switch (line[i])
{
case '1':
setBlock(i, j, up1);
break;
case '_':
setBlock(i, j, flat);
break;
case '^':
setBlock(i, j, splitUp);
break;
case 'v':
setBlock(i, j, splitDown);
break;
case '/':
setBlock(i, j, moveUp);
break;
case '\\':
setBlock(i, j, moveDown);
break;
case 'X':
setBlock(i, j, swap);
break;
case 'U':
setBlock(i, j, orUp);
break;
case 'D':
setBlock(i, j, orDown);
break;
case 'u':
setBlock(i, j, ifnotUp);
break;
case 'd':
setBlock(i, j, ifnotDown);
break;
case 'I':
setBlock(i, j, input);
break;
case 'O':
setBlock(i, j, output);
break;
}
}
}
}
// end
for (int i = 0; i < T.GetLength(0); i++)
{
T[i, 0] = '/';
}
// writeout
w = T.GetLength(0) - cx + 1;
h = T.GetLength(1);
if (moreverbosemaybe)
writer.Write(w + " " + h + " ");
for (int j = 0; j < T.GetLength(1); j++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < T.GetLength(0) - cx + 1; i++)
{
char c = T[i, j];
writer.Write(c == 0 ? ' ' : c);
}
if (!moreverbosemaybe)
writer.WriteLine();
}
}
}
}
另一个测试用例：
4 1 0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1
这检查两个相邻的（非包装）位是否都为1（例如，对于0110为true，但对于0101和1001为false）