常规字符串如下所示：

Hello,IAmAStringSnake!

一条蛇形蛇看起来像这样：

Hel         
  l      rin
  o,IAmASt g
           S
       !ekan

你的任务

字符串蛇是危险的，因此您必须编写一个将字符串蛇作为输入并将其作为常规字符串输出的程序。

技术指标

• 输入可以是多行字符串或字符串数​​组。
• 输入的每一行将填充空格以形成一个矩形网格。
• 蛇中的角色只能连接到它们上方，下方，左侧或右侧的相邻角色（就像在“蛇”游戏中一样）。他们不能对角线。
• 蛇角色永远不会与蛇的另一部分相邻，而仅与相连的角色相邻。
• 字符串的第一个字符是距输入网格左上角的曼哈顿距离最短的结束字符（即，蛇直接从结束字符移动到左上角所需的最小移动量角）。两端永远不会有相同的距离。
• 该字符串可以包含代码点33和126之间（包括端点）的任何ASCII字符（没有空格或换行符）。
• 字符串长度在2到100个字符之间。
• 以字节为单位的最短代码获胜。

测试用例

（输入网格，后跟输出字符串）

Hel         
  l      rin
  o,IAmASt g
           S
       !ekan

Hello,IAmAStringSnake!

----------

Python

Python

----------

P  ngPu  Code 
r  i  z  d  G 
o  m  z  n  o 
gram  lesA  lf

ProgrammingPuzzlesAndCodeGolf

----------

   ~ zyx tsr XWVUTSR
   }|{ wvu q Y     Q
!          p Z `ab P
"#$ 6789:; o [ _ c O
  % 5    < n \]^ d N
('& 432  = m     e M
)     1  > lkjihgf L
*+,-./0  ?         K
         @ABCDEFGHIJ

!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

----------

  tSyrep    
  r    p    
  in Sli    
   g    Sile
   Snakes  n
Ser      ylt
a eh   ilS  
fe w   t    
   emo h    
     Sre    

SlipperyStringSnakesSilentlySlitherSomewhereSafe

APL，55个字节

{⍵[1↓(⊂0 0){1<⍴⍵:⍺,∆[⊃⍋+/¨|⍺-∆]∇∆←⍵~⍺⋄⍺}(,⍵≠' ')/,⍳⍴⍵]}

此函数采用其中包含字符串蛇的字符矩阵。

例：

      s1 s2 s3
┌────────────┬──────────────┬────────────────────┐
│Hel         │P  ngPu  Code │   ~ zyx tsr XWVUTSR│
│  l      rin│r  i  z  d  G │   }|{ wvu q Y     Q│
│  o,IAmAst g│o  m  z  n  o │!          p Z `ab P│
│           S│gram  lesA  lf│"#$ 6789;: o [ _ c O│
│       !ekan│              │  % 5    < n \]^ d N│
│            │              │('& 432  = m     e M│
│            │              │)     1  > lkjighf L│
│            │              │*+,-./0  ?         K│
│            │              │         @ABCDEFGHIJ│
└────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────────┘
      ↑ {⍵[1↓(⊂0 0){1<⍴⍵:⍺,∆[⊃⍋+/¨|⍺-∆]∇∆←⍵~⍺⋄⍺}(,⍵≠' ')/,⍳⍴⍵]} ¨ s1 s2 s3 
Hello,IAmAstringSnake!                                                                        
ProgrammingPuzzlesAndCodeGolf                                                                 
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789;:<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefhgijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

说明：

• (,⍵≠' ')/,⍳⍴⍵：获取所有非空间的坐标
• (⊂0 0)：从（0,0）开始（无效坐标）
• {... }：按照蛇，给定的位置和蛇：
  • 1<⍴⍵:：如果剩余元素多于1个：
    • ∆←⍵~⍺：从蛇中取出当前位置并存放在∆。
    • +/¨|⍺-∆：找到当前位置与蛇的其余部分中的每个点之间的距离
    • ∆[⊃⍋...]`：获取蛇上最接近的点
    • ∇：再次运行该功能，以最近的点作为新的当前点，并以缩短的蛇作为新的蛇。
    • ⍺,：将当前位置添加到该结果中
  • ⋄⍺：否则，只需返回当前位置
• 1↓：从结果中删除第一项（即（0,0）位置）
• ⍵[... ]：按顺序从get获取那些元素

JavaScript（ES6）+ SnakeEx，176字节

a=b=>snakeEx.run("s{A}:<+>([^ ]<P>)+",b).reduce((c,d)=>(e=c.marks.length-d.marks.length)>0?c:e?d:c.x+c.y>d.x+d.y?d:c).marks.reduce((c,d,e,f)=>e%2?c+b.split`\n`[d][f[e-1]]:c,"")

还记得SnakeEx吗？好，因为我也不！欢迎打高尔夫球。

MATL，80字节

感谢@LevelRiverSt的更正

32>2#fJ*+X:4Mt1Y6Z+l=*2#fJ*+ttXjwYj+K#X<)wt!"tbb6#Yk2#)yw]xxvtXjwYjqGZy1)*+Gw)1e

输入为char的2D数组，行之间用分隔;。这种格式的测试用例是

['Hel         ';'  l      rin';'  o,IAmASt g';'           S';'       !ekan']
['Python']
['P  ngPu  Code ';'r  i  z  d  G ';'o  m  z  n  o ';'gram  lesA  lf']
['   ~ zyx tsr XWVUTSR';'   }|{ wvu q Y     Q';'!          p Z `ab P';'"#$ 6789:; o [ _ c O';'  % 5    < n \]^ d N';'(''& 432  = m     e M';')     1  > lkjihgf L';'*+,-./0  ?         K';'         @ABCDEFGHIJ']
['  tSyrep    ';'  r    p    ';'  in Sli    ';'   g    Sile';'   Snakes  n';'Ser      ylt';'a eh   ilS  ';'fe w   t    ';'   emo h    ';'     Sre    ']

在线尝试！

说明

每个非空格字符的坐标都由复数表示。对于每个当前字符，获得的下一个字符是最接近的字符（其复数坐标的最小绝对差）。

为了确定初始字符，需要找到两个端点。这样做如下。端点是一个非空格字符，它恰好具有一个非空格邻居。邻居数是通过使用适当的掩码进行2D卷积获得的。起始点是端点，其复数坐标的实部和虚部之和最少。即，在曼哈顿距离中最接近复数0，或等效于1 + 1j，即左上角的复数坐标。

32>      % Take input as 2D char array. Compute 2D array with true for nonspace,
         % false for space
2#f      % Arrays of row and column indices of nonspaces
J*+      % Convert to complex array. Real part is row, imaginary part is column
X:       % Convert to column array
4Mt      % Push arrays of zeros and ones again. Duplicate
1Y6      % Push array [0 1 0; 1 0 1; 0 1 0]. Used as convolution mask to detect
         % neighbours that are nonspace
Z+       % 2D convolution with same size as the input
1=       % True for chars that have only one neighbour (endpoints)
*        % Multiply (logical and): we want nonspaces that are endpoints
2#fJ*+   % Find complex coordinates (as before)
ttXjwYj  % Duplicate. Take real and imaginary parts
+        % Add: gives Manhattan distance to (0,0)
K#X<     % Arg min. Entry with minimum absolute value has least Manhattan
         % distance to (0,0), and thus to (1,1) (top left corner)
)        % Apply as an index, to yield complex coordinate of initial endpoint
wt!      % Swap, duplicate, transpose.
         % The stack contains, bottom to top: complex coordinates of initial
         % endpoint, column array with all complex coordinates, row array of all
         % coordinates. The latter is used (and consumed) by the next "for"
         % statement to generate that many iterations
"        % For loop. Number of iterations is number of nonspaces
  tbb    %   Duplicate, bubble up twice (rearrange is stack)
  6#Yk   %   Find which of the remaining points is closest to current point. This
         %   is the next char in the string
  2#)    %   Remove the point with that index from the array of complex
         %   coordinates. Push that point and the rest of the array
  yw     %   Duplicate extracted point, swap
]        % End for
xx       % Delete top two elements of the stack
v        % Concatenate all stack contents into a column array. This array
         % contains the complex coordinates of chars sorted to form the string
tXjwYj   % Extract real part and imaginary part
GZy1)    % Number of rows of input. Needed to convert to linear index
*+       % Convert rows and columns to linear index
Gw       % Push input below that
)        % Index to get the original chars with the computed order
1e       % Force the result to be a row array (string). Implicitly display

Ç 198 190 179 180 181字节

编辑：通过user81655使用技巧，并删除了三元运算符中的括号，谢谢！我也将繁琐的（S＆1）测试更改为更合适（和更短！）的S％2。

Edit2：大量使用* a寻址样式，使我对S定义的明显优化视而不见，即用a [m]等替换*（a + m）。然后我用T替换了S本身，实际上S做一半。该代码现在还利用了putchar的返回值。

Edit3：修复了从一开始就存在的错误，曼哈顿搜索停止条件a <b + m仅当a已减小时才是正确的。这增加了2个字节，但是通过使m的定义为全局来重新获得一个字节。

Edit4：我的高尔夫运动已经超过最低要求，现在走错了路。另一个与曼哈顿搜索有关的错误修复。我最初有入站检查，没有这些检查，则继续搜索超出数组b的大型输入数组（大约50x50左右）。因此，该数组必须至少扩展为先前大小的两倍，这又增加了一个字节。

#define T(x)+x*((a[x]>32)-(a[-x]>32))
m=103;main(){char b[m<<8],*e=b,*a=e+m;while(gets(e+=m));for(e=a;(T(1)T(m))%2**a<33;a=a<b+m?e+=m:a)a-=m-1;for(;*a;a+=T(1)T(m))*a-=putchar(*a);}

脱节并解释：

/* T(1)T(m) (formerly S) is used in two ways (we implicitly assume that each cell has
   one or two neighbors to begin with):
   1. (in the first for-loop) T(1)T(m) returns an odd (even) number if cell a has one (two)
      neighbors with ASCII value > 32. For this to work m must be odd.
   2. (in the second for-loop) at this stage each cell a in the array at which T(1)T(m) is
      evaluated has at most one neighboring cell with ASCII value > 32. T(1)T(m) returns the
      offset in memory to reach this cell from a or 0 if there is no such cell.
      Putting the + in front of x here saves one byte (one + here replaces two
      + in the main part)

#define T(x)+x*((a[x]>32)-(a[-x]>32))

  /* A snake of length 100 together with the newlines (replaced by 0:s in memory) fits
     an array of size 100x101, but to avoid having to perform out-of-bounds checks we
     want to have an empty line above and the array width amount of empty lines below
     the input array. Hence an array of size 202x101 would suffice. However, we save
     a (few) bytes if we express the array size as m<<8, and since m must be odd
     (see 1. above), we put m = 103. Here b and e point to the beginning of the (now)
     256x103 array and a points to the beginning of the input array therein */

m=103;
main()
{

  char b[m<<8],*e=b,*a=e+m;

  /* This reads the input array into the 256x103 array */

  while(gets(e+=m));

  /* Here we traverse the cells in the input array one
     constant-Manhattan-distance-from-top-left diagonal at a time starting at the top-left
     singleton. Each diagonal is traversed from bottom-left to top-right since the starting point
     (memory location e) is easily obtained by moving one line downwards for each diagonal
     (+m) and the stopping point is found by comparing the present location a to the input array
     starting position (b+m). The traversal is continued as long as the cell has either
     an ASCII value < 33 or it has two neighbors with ASCII value > 32 each (T(1)T(m)
     is even so that (T(1)T(m))%2=0).
     Note that the pointer e will for wide input arrays stray way outside (below) the
     input array itself, so that for a 100 cell wide (the maximum width) input array
     with only two occupied cells in the bottom-right corner, the starting cell
     will be discovered 98 lines below the bottom line of the input array.
     Note also that in these cases the traversal of the diagonals will pass through the
     right-hand side of the 103-wide array and enter on the left-hand side. This, however,
     is not a problem since the cells that the traversal then passes have a lower
     Manhattan distance and have thereby already been analyzed and found not to contain
     the starting cell. */

  for(e=a;(T(1)T(m))%2**a<33;a=a<b+m?e+=m:a)a-=m-1;

  /* We traverse the snake and output each character as we find them, beginning at the
     previously found starting point. Here we utilize the function T(1)T(m), which
     gives the offset to the next cell in the snake (or 0 if none), provided that
     the current cell has at most one neighbor. This is automatically true for the
     first cell in the snake, and to ensure it for the rest of the cells we put the
     ASCII value of the current cell to 0 (*a-=putchar(*a)), where we use the fact
     that putchar returns its argument. The value 0 is convenient, since it makes the
     stopping condition (offset = 0, we stay in place) easy to test for (*a == 0). */

  for(;*a;a+=T(1)T(m))
    *a-=putchar(*a);
}

C，272字节

#define E j+(p/2*i+1)*(p%2*2-1)
#define X(Y) a[Y]&&a[Y]-32
char A[999],*a=A+99;j,p,t;i;main(c){for(;gets(++j+a);j+=i)i=strlen(a+j);for(c=j;j--;){for(t=p=4;p--;)t-=X(E);t==3&&X(j)?c=c%i+c/i<j%i+j/i?c:j:0;}for(j=c;c;){putchar(a[j]),a[j]=0;for(c=0,p=4;!c*p--;)X(E)?c=j=E:0;}}

看看@Zunga的资料。现在看看我的。想知道我如何获得额外的91个字节吗？
取消高尔夫：

#define E j+(p/2*i+1)*(p%2*2-1)
#define X(Y) a[Y]&&a[Y]-32  //can be more concise, see @Zunga's
  //and then doesn't need the define
char A[999],*a=A+99;j,p,t;i;
main(c){for(;gets(++j+a);j+=i)
i=strlen(a+j); //we don't need to know the length of a line
  //in @Zunga's solution, lines are spaced a constant distance apart
for(c=j;j--;){
for(t=p=4;p--;)t-=X(E);  //a ton of bytes can be saved with determining 
  //the neighbors, see @Zunga's source
t==3&&X(j)?
c=c%i+c/i<j%i+j/i?c:j:0;}  //we search for ends of the snake, 
  //and compute the Manhattan distance
for(j=c;c;){putchar(a[j]),a[j]=0;
for(c=0,p=4;!c*p--;)  //determining the neighbors again
X(E)?c=j=E:0;}}

的Python（2和3），640 624 604 583 575 561个546 538字节

我仍然在打高尔夫球，所以有点大。

编辑：感谢@porglezomp的建议！我没有删除所有的'and'运算符，因为那样会破坏Python 3。

Edit2：感谢@Aleksi Torhamo对isspace（）的评论。减少的结果弥补了我投入的错误修正。另外，感谢匿名用户突出显示了语法！

Edit3：感谢@ mbomb007提供了一些额外的字节。

import sys;s=sys.stdin.read().split('\n');m={};q=[];o=len;j=o(s);r=range;g='!'
for y in r(j):
 v=s[y];f=o(v);d=y+1
 for x in r(f):
  n=[];a=n.append;U=s[y-1]
  if v[x]>=g:j>=y>0==(U[x]<g)<=x<o(U)and a((x,y-1));j>y>=0==(v[x-1]<g)<x<=f and a((x-1,y));j>y>-1<x+1<f>(v[x+1]<g)<1and a((x+1,y));j>d>-1<x<o(s[d])>(s[d][x]<g)<1and a((x,d));m[x,y]=[v[x],n];o(n)-1or q.append((x,y))
t=min(q,key=sum);w=sys.stdout.write;w(m[t][0]);c=m[t][1][0]
while o(m[c][1])>1:
 b=m[c][1];w(m[c][0])
 for k in r(o(b)):
  if b[k]!=t:t=c;c=b[k];break
print(m[c][0])

这是我的高尔夫前版本

import sys

lines = sys.stdin.read().split('\n')
startend = []
mydict = {}
for y in range( 0, len(lines)):
  for x in range( 0, len(lines[y])):
    if not lines[y][x].isspace():
      neighbors = []
      if x>=0 and x<len(lines[y-1]) and y-1>=0 and y-1<len(lines):
        if not lines[y-1][x].isspace():
          neighbors.append( (x,y-1) )
      if x-1>=0 and x-1<len(lines[y]) and y>=0 and y<len(lines):
        if not lines[y][x-1].isspace():
          neighbors.append( (x-1,y) )
      if x+1>=0 and x+1<len(lines[y]) and y>=0 and y<len(lines):
        if not lines[y][x+1].isspace():
          neighbors.append( (x+1,y) )
      if x>=0 and x<len(lines[y+1]) and y+1>=0 and y+1<len(lines):
        if not lines[y+1][x].isspace():
          neighbors.append( (x,y+1) )
      mydict[(x,y)] = [ lines[y][x], neighbors ]

      if len( neighbors ) == 1:
        startend.append( (x,y) )

startend.sort( key=lambda x : x[0]*x[0] + x[1]*x[1] )

last = startend[0]
sys.stdout.write( mydict[ last ][0] )
current = mydict[last][1][0]
while len( mydict[current][1] ) > 1:
  sys.stdout.write( mydict[current][0] )
  for k in range( 0, len( mydict[current][1] ) ):
    if mydict[current][1][k] != last:
      last = current
      current = mydict[current][1][k]
      break

print(mydict[current][0])

JavaScript（ES6），195

请参阅测试代码段中的说明

s=>[...s].map((c,i)=>{if(c>' '&([n=-1,1,o=-~s.search('\n'),-o].map(d=>n+=s[i+d]>' '&&!!(e=d)),n<1)&m>(w=i/o+i%o|0))for(m=w,r=c,p=i+e;r+=s[i=p],[e,o/e,-o/e].some(d=>s[p=i+(e=d)]>' '););},m=1/0)&&r

测试

f=s=>[...s].map((c,i)=>{if(c>' '&([n=-1,1,o=-~s.search('\n'),-o].map(d=>n+=s[i+d]>' '&&!!(e=d)),n<1)&m>(w=i/o+i%o|0))for(m=w,r=c,p=i+e;r+=s[i=p],[e,o/e,-o/e].some(d=>s[p=i+(e=d)]>' '););},m=1/0)&&r

// Less golfed

u=s=>(
  o = -~s.search('\n'), // offset between lines
  m = 1/0, // current min manhattan distance, init at infinity
  // scan input looking for the 2 ends of the string
  [...s].map((c,i)=>{ // for each char c at position i
     if(c > ' ' // check if part of the string
        & ( [-1,1,o,-o] // scan in 4 directions and count neighbors
             .map(d=> n+=s[i+d]>' '&&!!(e=d), n=0), // remember direction in e
          n < 2) // if at end of string will have exactly 1 neighbor
        & (w = i/o + i%o |0) < m) // manhattan distance in w, must be less than current min
       // found one of the ends, follow the path and build the string in r
       for(m = w, r = c, p = i+e; 
           r += s[i=p], 
           [e,o/e,-o/e] // check 3 directions, avoiding to go back
           .some(d=>s[p=i+(e=d)]>' '); // save candidate position and direction in p and e
          ); // empty for body, all the work is inside the condition
  }),
  r
)  

console.log=x=>O.textContent+=x+'\n'

;[`Hel         
  l      rin
  o,IAmASt g
           S
       !ekan`,
 `   ~ zyx tsr XWVUTSR
   }|{ wvu q Y     Q
!          p Z \`ab P
"#$ 6789:; o [ _ c O
  % 5    < n \\]^ d N
('& 432  = m     e M
)     1  > lkjihgf L
*+,-./0  ?         K
         @ABCDEFGHIJ`].forEach(t=>{
  console.log(t+'\n\n'+f(t)+'\n')
  })

<pre id=O></pre>

Lua中，562 535 529 513 507 504 466 458个字节

到目前为止，这是我目前为止规模最大的高尔夫，我仍然可以减少100个字节，我将继续努力，但是将其作为答案发布已经花费了一些时间:)。我是对的，我削减了100多个字节！我认为没有很大的改进空间。

此函数必须使用每个单元格包含一个字符的2D数组调用。

感谢@KennyLau，节省了40个字节！

hoo！500以下！

function f(m)t=2u=1i=1j=1s=" "::a::if s~=m[i][j]and(i<#m and m[i+1][j]~=s)~=(j<#m[i]and m[i][j+1]~=s)~=(i>1 and m[i-1][j]~=s)~=(j>1 and m[i][j-1]~=s)then goto b end
i,t=i%t+1,#m>t and t==i and t+1or t j=j>1 and j-1or u u=u<#m[1]and j==1 and u+1or u goto a::b::io.write(m[i][j])m[i][j]=s
i,j=i<#m and s~=m[i+1][j]and i+1or i>1 and s~=m[i-1][j]and i-1or i,j<#m[i]and s~=m[i][j+1]and j+1or j>1 and s~=m[i][j-1]and j-1or j
if s==m[i][j]then return end goto b end

不打高尔夫球

一旦我打完高尔夫球，就会有解释，目前，我将借给您此源代码的可读版本：D解释来了！

编辑：未更新为最新修改，更新前仍打高尔夫球。解释也一样

function f(m)                    -- declare the function f which takes a matrix of characters
  t=2                            -- initialise the treshold for i
                                 -- when looking for the first end of the snake
  u=1                            -- same thing for j
  i,j=1,1                        -- initialise i and j,our position in the matrix
  s=" "                          -- shorthand for a space
  ::a::                          -- label a, start of an infinite loop
    if m[i][j]~=s                -- check if the current character isn't a space
      and(i<#m                   -- and weither it is surrounded by exactly
          and m[i+1][j]~=s)      -- 3 spaces or not
      ~=(j<#m[i]
          and m[i][j+1]~=s)      -- (more explanations below)
      ~=(i>1 
          and m[i-1][j]~=s)
      ~=(j>1
          and m[i][j-1]~=s)
      then goto b end            -- if it is, go to the label b, we found the head
    i,t=                         -- at the same time
      i%t+1,                     -- increment i
      #m>t and t==i and t+1or t  -- if we checked all chars in the current range, t++
    j=j>1 and j-1or u            -- decrement j
    u=u>#m[1]and j==1 and u+1or u-- if we checked all chars in the current range, u++
  goto a                         -- loop back to label a

  ::b::                          -- label b, start of infinite loop
  io.write(m[i][j])                    -- output the current char
    m[i][j]=s                    -- and set it to a space
    i,j=i<#m                     -- change i and j to find the next character in the snake
          and m[i+1][j]~=s       -- this nested ternary is also explained below
            and i+1              -- as it takes a lot of lines in comment ^^'
          or i>1 
            and m[i-1][j]~=s
            and i-1
          or i,
       j<#m[i] 
         and m[i][j+1]~=s
           and j+1
         or j>1 
           and m[i][j-1]~=s 
           and j-1
         or j
    if m[i][j]==s                -- if the new char is a space
    then                         -- it means we finished
      return                  -- exit properly to avoid infinite
    end                          -- printing of spaces
  goto b                         -- else, loop back to label b
end

因此，这里有一些有关此程序如何工作的详细说明。

首先，让我们考虑标记为的循环a，它使我们能够找到最靠近左上角的一端。如果没有尽头，它将永远循环，但这不是问题：D。

在4x4网格上，这是蛇的距离（左），以及它们的观察顺序（右）

1  2  3  4    |     1  2  4  7
2  3  4  5    |     3  5  8 11
3  4  5  6    |     6  9 12 14
4  5  6  7    |    10 13 15 16

对于每个字符，要结束，它必须检查两个条件：-不是空格-被正好3个空格（或正好1个非空格）包围

这些条件被检查以下代码

r=m[i][j]~=s
    and(i<#m and m[i+1][j]~=s)
    ==not(j<#m[i] and m[i][j+1]~=s)
    ==not(i-1>0 and m[i-1][j]~=s)
    ==not(j-1>0 and m[i][j-1]~=s)
    and m[i][j]
    or r
  -- special note: "==not" is used as an equivalent to xor
  -- as Lua doesn't know what is a xor...

通过表达式可以检查char是否不是空格m[i][j]~=s。

通过对上述环境进行异或运算来检查w是否仅被1个非空格包围，可以写成

m[i+1][j]~=" " ⊕ m[i][j+1]~=" " ⊕ m[i-1][j]~=" " ⊕ m[i][j-1]~=" "

最后，如果以上所有条件均被评估为true，则三进制将返回最后的and-> m[i][j]。否则，让我们r取消设置:)

现在我们有了蛇的头，让我们一直走到另一端！蛇的迭代主要通过以下嵌套三元组来实现：

i,j=i<#m and m[i+1][j]~=s and i+1or i-1>0 and m[i-1][j]~=s and i-1or i,
    j<#m[i]and m[i][j+1]~=s and j+1or j-1>0 and m[i][j-1]~=s and j-1or j

我们重新设置i并j同时避免使用虚拟变量来存储旧值，它们都具有完全相同的结构，并且使用简单的条件，因此我将以嵌套的形式展示它们if，它应该允许您阅读它们更容易。:)

i=i<#m and m[i+1][j]~=s and i+1or i-1>0 and m[i-1][j]~=s and i-1or i

可以翻译为：

if(i<#m)
then
  if(m[i+1][j]~=" ")
  then
    i=i+1
  end
elseif(i-1>0)
then
  if(m[i-1][j]~=" ")
  then
    i=i-1
  end
end

测试一下！

这是我用于运行此代码的代码，您可以通过复制粘贴对其进行在线测试。

function f(m)t=2u=1i=1j=1s=" "::a::if s~=m[i][j]and(i<#m and m[i+1][j]~=s)~=(j<#m[i]and m[i][j+1]~=s)~=(i>1 and m[i-1][j]~=s)~=(j>1 and m[i][j-1]~=s)then goto b end
i,t=i%t+1,#m>t and t==i and t+1or t j=j>1 and j-1or u u=u<#m[1]and j==1 and u+1or u goto a::b::io.write(m[i][j])m[i][j]=s
i,j=i<#m and s~=m[i+1][j]and i+1or i>1 and s~=m[i-1][j]and i-1or i,j<#m[i]and s~=m[i][j+1]and j+1or j>1 and s~=m[i][j-1]and j-1or j
if s==m[i][j]then return end goto b end


test1={}
s1={
"  tSyrep    ",
"  r    p    ",
"  in Sli    ",
"   g    Sile",
"   Snakes  n",
"Ser      ylt",
"a eh   ilS  ",
"fe w   t    ",
"   emo h    ",
"     Sre    ",
     }
for i=1,#s1
do
  test1[i]={}
  s1[i]:gsub(".",function(c)test1[i][#test1[i]+1]=c end)
end
f(test1)

Lua，267个字节

需要Lua 5.3。

e=" "w=#arg[1]+1i=1/0q=0s=table.concat(arg,e)s=e:rep(#s)..s
m,n=i,{}for p in s:gmatch"()%g"do u=-1
for _,d in ipairs{-1,1,-w,w}do u=u+(s:find("^%S",d+p)or 0)end
n[p]=u+1m=math.min(m,p*i^(u//#s)+(p%w*w+p)*#s)end
p=m%#s repeat q,p=p,n[p]-q io.write(s:sub(q,q))until p<1

用法：

$ lua desnakify.lua \
>    "  tSyrep    " \
>    "  r    p    " \
>    "  in Sli    " \
>    "   g    Sile" \
>    "   Snakes  n" \
>    "Ser      ylt" \
>    "a eh   ilS  " \
>    "fe w   t    " \
>    "   emo h    " \
>    "     Sre    "
SlipperyStringSnakesSilentlySlitherSomewhereSafe

Python 3， 245 243 241 236字节

s是输入字符串，n是输出到stdout的输出：

f=s.find
w,l=f('\n')+1,len(s)
t=1,w,-1,-w
y=z=f(s.strip()[0]);n=s[y];v={y}
for i in range(l*l):
 i%=l;c=s[i]
 if c>' 'and i not in v:
  if i-y in t:y=i;n=c+n;v|={i}
  elif i-z in t:z=i;n+=c;v|={i}
if y%w+y//w>z%w+z//w:n=n[::-1]
print(n)

编辑：感谢@Cees Timmerman节省了5个字节！

蟒蛇，537

我最初的解决方案：

from itertools import chain, product, ifilter
from operator import add
moves = ((1,0),(0,1),(-1,0),(0,-1))
h = dict(ifilter(lambda (p,v):not v.isspace(),chain(*map(lambda (i,r):map(lambda (j,c):((i,j),c),enumerate(r)),enumerate(s)))))
n = defaultdict(list)
for m,p in product(moves, h):
    np = tuple(map(add,m,p))
    if np in h:
        n[p].append(np)
def pr(nx):
    return(lambda l:(h[l[0]], h.pop(l[0]))[0] + pr(l[0]) if l else '')([x for x in n[nx] if x in h])
(lambda y: h[y]+ pr(y))(next(x for x in n if len(n[x])==1))

压缩了一下，但将其保留为方法：

from itertools import chain, product
from operator import add
def unsnake(s):
    (h,n) = (dict(filter(lambda (p,v):not v.isspace(),chain(*map(lambda (i,r):map(lambda (j,c):((i,j),c),enumerate(r)),enumerate(s))))),defaultdict(list))
    for m,p in product(((1,0),(0,1),(-1,0),(0,-1)), h):(lambda np: n[p].append(np) if np in h else 0)(tuple(map(add,m,p)))
    def pr(nx):return(lambda l:(h[l[0]], h.pop(l[0]))[0] + pr(l[0]) if l else '')([x for x in n[nx] if x in h])
    return(lambda y: h[y]+ pr(y))(next(x for x in n if len(n[x])==1))

Java 7，927 924 923字节

import java.util.*;int l,k;char[][]z;Set p=new HashSet();String c(String[]a){int x=0,y=0,n,t,u,v,w=t=u=v=-1;l=a.length;k=a[0].length();z=new char[l][k];for(String s:a){for(char c:s.toCharArray())z[x][y++]=c;}x++;y=0;}for(x=0;x<l;x++)for(y=0;y<k;y++){n=0;if(z[x][y]>32){if(x<1|(x>0&&z[x-1][y]<33))n++;if(y<1|(y>0&&z[x][y-1]<33))n++;if(x>l-2|(x<l-1&&z[x+1][y]<33))n++;if(y>k-2|(y<k-1&&z[x][y+1]<33))n++;}if(n>2&t<0){t=x;u=y;}if(n>2&t>v){v=x;w=y;}}if(v+w>t+u){p(t,u);return n(""+z[t][u],t,u);}p(v,w);return n(""+z[v][w],v,w);}String n(String r,int x,int y){int a,b;if(x>0&&z[a=x-1][b=y]>32&q(a,b)){p(a,b);return n(r+z[a][b],a,b);}if(y>0&&z[a=x][b=y-1]>32&q(a,b)){p(a,b);return n(r+z[a][b],a,b);}if(x<l-1&&z[a=x+1][b=y]>32&q(a,b)){p(a,b);return n(r+z[a][b],a,b);}if(y<k-1&&z[a=x][b=y+1]>32&q(a,b)){p(a,b);return n(r+z[a][b],a,b);}return r;}boolean q(int x,int y){return!p.contains(x+","+y);}void p(int x,int y){p.add(x+","+y);}

好的，这花了一段时间。在某些编程语言中，数组x和y是否在2D数组的边界之外并不重要，但是对于Java，它将抛出 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsExceptions，因此必须检查所有内容。

我首先确定起点，然后使用递归方法从那里构建字符串。另外，我使用一个列表来跟踪已经遇到的协调，因此它不会前后循环（导致StackOverflowException）。

这可能是我到目前为止发布的最长答案，但是尽管某些部分可以打高尔夫球，但我认为Java中的挑战不会那么短。Java只是不适合遵循网格中的路径。尽管如此，找出它还是一个有趣的挑战。:)

非高尔夫球和测试用例：

在这里尝试。

import java.util.*;
class M{
  static int l,
             k;
  static char[][] z;
  static Set p = new HashSet();

  static String c(String[] a){
    int x=0,
        y=0,
        n,
        t,
        u,
        v,
        w = t = u = v = -1;
    l = a.length;
    k = a[0].length();
    z = new char[l][k];
    for(String s:a){
      for(char c:s.toCharArray()){
        z[x][y++] = c;
      }
      x++;
      y = 0;
    }
    for(x=0; x<l; x++){
      for(y=0; y<k; y++){
        n = 0;
        if(z[x][y] > 32){ // [x,y] is not a space
          if(x < 1 | (x > 0 && z[x-1][y] < 33)){
            n++;
          }
          if(y < 1 | (y > 0 && z[x][y-1] < 33)){
            n++;
          }
          if(x > l-2 | (x < l-1 && z[x+1][y] < 33)){
            n++;
          }
          if(y > k-2 | (y < k-1 && z[x][y+1] < 33)){
            n++;
          }
        }
        if(n > 2 & t < 0){
          t = x;
          u = y;
        }
        if(n > 2 & t > v){
          v = x;
          w = y;
        }
      }
    }
    if(v+w > t+u){
      p(t, u);
      return n(""+z[t][u], t, u);
    }
    p(v, w);
    return n(""+z[v][w], v, w);
  }

  static String n(String r, int x, int y){
    int a,b;
    if(x > 0 && z[a=x-1][b=y] > 32 & q(a,b)){
      p(a, b);
      return n(r+z[a][b], a, b);
    }
    if(y > 0 && z[a=x][b=y-1] > 32 & q(a,b)){
      p(a, b);
      return n(r+z[a][b], a, b);
    }
    if(x < l-1 && z[a=x+1][b=y] > 32 & q(a,b)){
      p(a, b);
      return n(r+z[a][b], a, b);
    }
    if(y < k-1 && z[a=x][b=y+1] > 32 & q(a, b)){
      p(a, b);
      return n(r+z[a][b], a, b);
    }
    return r;
  }

  static boolean q(int x, int y){
    return !p.contains(x+","+y);
  }

  static void p(int x, int y){
    p.add(x+","+y);
  }

  public static void main(String[] a){
    System.out.println(c(new String[]{ "Hel         ",
      "  l      rin",
      "  o,IAmASt g",
      "           S",
      "       !ekan" }));
    p = new HashSet();
    System.out.println(c(new String[]{ "Python" }));
    p = new HashSet();
    System.out.println(c(new String[]{ "P  ngPu  Code ",
      "r  i  z  d  G",
      "o  m  z  n  o",
      "gram  lesA  lf" }));
    p = new HashSet();
    System.out.println(c(new String[]{ "   ~ zyx tsr XWVUTSR",
      "   }|{ wvu q Y     Q",
      "!          p Z `ab P",
      "\"#$ 6789:; o [ _ c O",
      "  % 5    < n \\]^ d N",
      "('& 432  = m     e M",
      ")     1  > lkjihgf L",
      "*+,-./0  ?         K",
      "         @ABCDEFGHIJ" }));
    p = new HashSet();
    System.out.println(c(new String[]{ "  tSyrep    ",
      "  r    p   ",
      "  in Sli   ",
      "   g    Sile",
      "   Snakes  n",
      "Ser      ylt",
      "a eh   ilS ",
      "fe w   t   ",
      "   emo h   ",
      "     Sre    " }));
  }
}

输出：

Hello,IAmAStringSnake!
Python
ProgrammingPuzzlesAndCodeGolf
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
SlipperyStringSnakesSilentlySlitherSomewhereSafe

PHP，199 184 182字节

可能还有一点打高尔夫球的潜力

for($w=strpos($i=$argv[1],"
");;)for($y=++$n;$y--;)if($i[$p=$y*$w+$n-1]>" ")break 2;for($p-=$d=$w++;$d&&print$i[$p+=$e=$d];)foreach([-$w,-1,1,$w,0]as$d)if($d+$e&&" "<$i[$d+$p])break;

从命令行接受输入作为多行字符串，期望linux风格的换行符。
跑php -r '<code>' '<string>'; 逃脱换行符。

分解

for(
    // find width
    $w=strpos($i=$argv[1],"\n")
    ;
    // find first character: initialize $p(osition)
    ;
)
    for($y=++$n             // increase distance
        ;$y--;)             // loop $y from (old)$n to 0
        if(" "<$i[$p=$y*$w+$n   // if character at $y*($width+1)+$x(=$d-$y) is no space
            -1                  // (adjust for the premature increment)
        ])
            break 2;                    // break loops

for(
    $p-=            // b) reverse the increment that follows in the pre-condition
    $d=             // a) initialize $d to anything!=0 to enable the first iteration
    $w++;           // c) increase $w for easier directions
    $d              // loop while direction is not 0 (cursor has moved)
    &&
    print$i[$p+=$e=$d]              // remember direction, move cursor, print character
    ;
)
    foreach([-$w,-1,1,$w,0]as$d)// loop through directions
        if($d+$e                    // if not opposite previous direction
            &&" "<$i[$d+$p]         // and character in that direction is not space
        )break;                     // break this loop

C＃，310

（编辑：错误修复）

具有多行字符串参数的函数，返回一个字符串。

包括所请求using的字节数。

这是我的javascript答案的移植。

using System.Linq;
string f(string s){int o=-~s.IndexOf('\n'),m=99;var r=new string(' ',o);(s=r+s+r).Select((c,i)=>{int n=2,e=0,p,w=i%o+i/o;if(c>' '&w<m&&new[]{-1,1,o,-o}.All(d=>(s[i+d]>' '?(e=d)*--n:n)>0))for(m=w,r=""+c+s[p=i+e];new[]{e,o/e,-o/e}.Any(d=>s[p+(e=d)]>' ');)r+=s[p+=e];return i;}).Max();return r;}

测试 ideone

带空格

    string f(string s)
    {
        int o = -~s.IndexOf('\n');
        var r = new string(' ', o);
        var m = 99;
        (s = r + s + r).Select((c, i) =>
        {
            int n = 2, e = 0, p, w = i % o + i / o;
            if (c > ' ' & w < m & new[] { -1, 1, o, -o }.All(d => (s[i + d] > ' ' ? (e = d) * --n : n) > 0))
                for (m = w, r = "" + c + s[p = i + e]; 
                     new[] { e, o / e, -o / e }.Any(d => s[p + (e = d)] > ' '); 
                     ) 
                   r += s[p += e];
            return i;
        }
        ).Max();
        return r;
    }

Python 2，251字节

w=s.find('\n')+1;q=' ';p=q*w+'\n';s=list(p+s+p);d=-w,1,w,-1
def r(x):c=s[x];s[x]=q;v=[c+r(x+o)for o in d if s[x+o]>q];return v[0]if v else c
e=[x for x in range(len(s))if s[x]>q and sum([s[x+o]>q for o in d])<2]
print r(e[e[0]/w+e[0]%w>e[1]/w+e[1]%w])

或者，如果要在测试用例中使用换行符，则为257个字节：

w=s.find('\n',1);q=' ';p=q*-~w+'\n';s=list(p+s[1:]+p);d=-w,1,w,-1
def r(x):c=s[x];s[x]=q;v=[c+r(x+o)for o in d if s[x+o]>q];return v[0]if v else c
e=[x for x in range(len(s))if s[x]>q and sum([s[x+o]>q for o in d])<2]
print r(e[e[0]/w+e[0]%w>e[1]/w+e[1]%w])

通过所有测试用例。

s="""
  tSyrep    
  r    p    
  in Sli    
   g    Sile
   Snakes  n
Ser      ylt
a eh   ilS  
fe w   t    
   emo h    
     Sre    
"""

结果是：

SlipperyStringSnakesSilentlySlitherSomewhereSafe

Japt -P，106字节

K=U·ÌÊÄ ç iU ¬mx T=[-KJ1K]
ËÊ*Tm+E è@gX
[]V£YÃf@gXÃrQ@WpQ Tm+Q kW fZ Ì}V£[XYuK YzK]ÃkÈv ÉÃñx v rÈ+Y*K
W£gX

在线尝试！

嗯...可恶

开箱及其工作方式

K=UqR gJ l +1 ç iU q mx
  UqR gJ l +1            Split the input by newline, take last item's length +1
K=                       Assign to K
              ç iU       Generate a string of K spaces, and append to U
                   q mx  Split into chars, and trim whitespaces on each item
                         Implicit assign to U

T=[-KJ1K]  Assign an array [-K, -1, 1, K] to T (this represents 4-way movement)
           I could use implicit assignment, but then 4-argument function below is broken

UmDEF{Dl *Tm+E èXYZ{UgX
UmDEF{                   Map over the list of one- or zero-length strings...
      Dl *                 If the length is zero, return zero
          Tm+E             Add the index to each element of T
               èXYZ{UgX    Count truthy elements at these indices
                         The result is an array of 0(space/newline), 1(start/end), or 2(body)
                         Implicit assign to V

[]  Implicit assign to W

VmXYZ{Y} fXYZ{UgX} rQXYZ{WpQ Tm+Q kW fZ gJ }
VmXYZ{Y}                                      Map V into indices
         fXYZ{UgX}                            Filter the indices by truthiness of U's element
                   rQXYZ{                     Reduce on the indices... (Q=last item, Z=array)
                         WpQ                    Push Q to W
                             Tm+Q               Take 4-way movements from Q
                                  kW fZ gJ }    Exclude visited ones, take last one in Z

VmXYZ{[XYuK YzK]} kXYZ{Xv -1} ñx v rXYZ{X+Y*K  Starting point of reduce
VmXYZ{[XYuK YzK]}                              Convert elements of V to [elem, col, row]
                  kXYZ{Xv -1}                  Take the ones where elem(popped)=1
                              ñx v             Sort by row+col and take first one
                                   rXYZ{X+Y*K  Convert [row,col] back to the index

WmXYZ{UgX  Map indices back to chars

-P  Join with empty string

值得注意的一点是，我在JS中使用了赋值运算符和逗号运算符之间的运算符优先级，以便打包一些行并保持快捷方式@（XYZ{）可用。