闪存IC上的奇怪标记-这些工厂拒收吗?


33

我最近购买了一个非常非常便宜的SSD(25.99美元),出于好奇,我突然打开了机箱。

闪存芯片的零件编号上刻有条形,这是我以前从未见过的。

在此处输入图片说明

这是将切屑标记为不合格品的标准方法吗?


编辑:我买了其中两个放入RAID-1,因为我不太信任它们,而另一个有相同的标记:

在此处输入图片说明

尽管标记相同,但该笔使用的是微米闪光灯。

在这一点上,我只能认为这是隐藏闪存部件号的一种非常非常无效的尝试吗?


微米部分是MT29F128G08CBECBH6-12:C,这是16GB的部分,因此有64 GB的原始存储。

其他部件是“ Spectek”品牌的,显然是我从未听说过的微米子公司。它们似乎是FBNL95B71KDBABH6-10AL,也是16 GB的部分。


编辑:

第一个驱动器sudo badblocks -b 4096 -c 4096 -s -w /dev/sdm没有错误地通过,因此显然容量是真实的,并且它们至少适合一次写入。

编辑编辑:

更正:badblocks是我的el-cheapo USB-sata适配器崩溃了,还是确实有一些问题。

编辑编辑编辑:

好的,badblocks在驱动器上运行似乎使磁盘非常混乱。这是SMART报告:

durr@mainnas:/media/Storage/badblocks⟫ sudo smartctl /dev/sdm -a
smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-79-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     KingDian S200 60GB
Serial Number:    2016022700031
LU WWN Device Id: 0 000000 000000000
Firmware Version: 20150818
User Capacity:    60,022,480,896 bytes [60.0 GB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sun Mar 20 19:15:31 2016 PDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x02) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (    0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x11) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        No Auto Offline data collection support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        No Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        No Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0002) Does not save SMART data before
                                        entering power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (  10) minutes.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       0
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0002   100   100   050    Old_age   Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       2
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       6
160 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       0
161 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       125
162 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       1
163 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       20
164 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       4943
165 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       12
166 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       1
167 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       4
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       6
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       40
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       6
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       2857
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       72
245 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   100   100   050    Old_age   Offline      -       9517

Warning! SMART ATA Error Log Structure error: invalid SMART checksum.
SMART Error Log Version: 1
Warning: ATA error count 0 inconsistent with error log pointer 1

ATA Error Count: 0
        CR = Command Register [HEX]
        FR = Features Register [HEX]
        SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
        SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
        CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
        CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
        DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
        DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
        ER = Error register [HEX]
        ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 0 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 21930 hours (913 days + 18 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  00 03 ff 93 01 00 ce

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  03 00 00 00 00 00 b9 00      00:00:00.288  CFA REQUEST EXTENDED ERROR
  00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00      00:00:00.000  NOP [Abort queued commands]
  00 00 b3 01 18 00 08 00      00:00:00.000  NOP [Abort queued commands]
  00 02 01 00 00 00 00 4c      16:05:33.861  NOP [Reserved subcommand] [OBS-ACS-2]
  03 00 07 00 00 00 ce 00      00:18:34.183  CFA REQUEST EXTENDED ERROR

Error -4 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  04 51 f0 d0 3e 44 a0  Error: ABRT

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  b0 d0 01 00 4f c2 a0 00      00:00:00.000  SMART READ DATA
  b0 d5 01 01 4f c2 a0 00      00:00:00.000  SMART READ LOG
  b0 d5 01 00 4f c2 a0 00      00:00:00.000  SMART READ LOG
  b0 da 00 00 4f c2 a0 00      00:00:00.000  SMART RETURN STATUS
  b0 d1 01 01 4f c2 a0 00      00:00:00.000  SMART READ ATTRIBUTE THRESHOLDS [OBS-4]

Warning! SMART Self-Test Log Structure error: invalid SMART checksum.
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%         0         -

Selective Self-tests/Logging not supported

至此,我已经开车了大约一个星期。我不知道它在918天前是怎么出错的。

另外:Error -4。是的,我认为SMART日志不应为负数。哎呀

此时,如果我用坏块重新测试驱动器,则该设备实际上会掉线,然后重新连接。

durr@mainnas:/media/Storage/badblocks⟫ dmesg | tail -n 50
[2048975.197941] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] Mode Sense: 28 00 00 00
[2048975.198218] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2048975.198728] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2048975.200188] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2048975.200633] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2048975.214949]  sdm: unknown partition table
[2048975.215831] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2048975.216456] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2048975.216915] sd 12:0:0:0: [sdm] Attached SCSI disk
[2049068.016741] usb 3-5: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[2049068.036966] usb 3-5: device firmware changed
[2049068.037001] usb 3-5: USB disconnect, device number 16
[2049068.040592] scsi 12:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[2049068.041057] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm] killing request
[2049068.041063] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm]
[2049068.041064] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[2049068.041065] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm] CDB:
[2049068.041066] Read(10): 28 00 00 44 3e d0 00 00 f0 00
[2049068.041070] end_request: I/O error, dev sdm, sector 4472528
[2049068.041520] scsi 12:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[2049068.041974] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm] killing request
[2049068.042017] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm]
[2049068.042018] Result: hostbyte=DID_NO_CONNECT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[2049068.042018] scsi 12:0:0:0: [sdm] CDB:
[2049068.042019] Read(10): 28 00 00 44 3f c0 00 00 f0 00
[2049068.042022] end_request: I/O error, dev sdm, sector 4472768
[2049068.056652] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8801781c3c80
[2049068.056654] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI xhci_drop_endpoint called with disabled ep ffff8801781c3cc0
[2049068.168511] usb 3-5: new high-speed USB device number 17 using xhci_hcd
[2049068.259417] usb 3-5: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=2329
[2049068.259420] usb 3-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=5
[2049068.259421] usb 3-5: Product: USB to ATA/ATAPI bridge
[2049068.259422] usb 3-5: Manufacturer: JMicron
[2049068.259423] usb 3-5: SerialNumber: 201602270003
[2049068.291104] usb-storage 3-5:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[2049068.291152] usb-storage 3-5:1.0: Quirks match for vid 152d pid 2329: 8020
[2049068.291179] scsi13 : usb-storage 3-5:1.0
[2049069.322875] scsi 13:0:0:0: Direct-Access     KingDian  S200 60GB       2015 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 CCS
[2049069.323058] sd 13:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg12 type 0
[2049069.384321] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] 117231408 512-byte logical blocks: (60.0 GB/55.8 GiB)
[2049069.384601] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Write Protect is off
[2049069.384603] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Mode Sense: 28 00 00 00
[2049069.384868] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2049069.385353] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2049069.386764] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2049069.387311] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2049069.396568]  sdm: unknown partition table
[2049069.397466] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] No Caching mode page found
[2049069.398067] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Assuming drive cache: write through
[2049069.398513] sd 13:0:0:0: [sdm] Attached SCSI disk

我猜他们回到了亚马逊。我想我会在返回之前是否也能说服对方失败。

编辑编辑编辑编辑:

是的,当以完全相同的方式进行测试时,第二个驱动器只是在自我压缩。哎呀


3
这真的很有趣-他们是否能够测试模具预包装,以免浪费金钱包装损坏的模具?我猜他们是否没有安装程序,也许是在包装+测试后对其进行了标记,以标记不合格,然后进入“灰色”市场-好奇地想知道答案是什么。
克鲁纳·德赛

丝网印刷过程中可能会出现问题-在这种情况下,即使模具完全没问题,它们也可能会被拒绝。出于好奇,您是否测试过SSD,是否有坏扇区?
汤姆·卡彭特

1
@TomCarpenter看起来像激光标记而不是丝网印刷标记。让我想起了伪造的中国USB驱动器,该驱动器报告有大的可用容量,直到您尝试实际存储和调用超过2G或任何容量的东西(控制器芯片已经弄乱了)。
Spehro Pefhany

4
也许他们这样做是为了阻止收获自己出售的薯条。
tokamak

1
鉴于两种类型的闪存是同一制造商(或其子公司),那么它们很可能是在同一制造厂生产的(并包装在同一地点)。因此,即使它们是不同的IC,也完全有可能以相同的标记拒绝它们。实际上,同一产品中存在两个完全不同的闪存IC似乎暗示着“我们将竭尽所能”,这当然不排除使用次品。
汤姆·卡彭特

Answers:


19

我给SpecTek的NAND闪存产品经理Ted Netz发了电子邮件。这是他不得不说的(有一些小的语法和格式修复程序):

嗨,亚当,

我们以这种方式标记产品。这是我们出售的零件,可能有机械缺陷,但经常进行电气测试。我们将其作为风险产品以折扣价出售,并在其上进行3 bar的污损处理,因此不能将其作为RMA的所有优质设备退货。机械缺陷通常不会使其通过我们的自动扫描步骤。通常,由于共面而失败,或者球可能丢失或粉碎。人们愿意对零件进行重新加工,并应该对其进行重新测试。但是,我们通常建议客户仅将这些设备限制为USB应用程序或较低层的应用程序,因为它们可能不符合所有性能标准。同样,我们无法控制客户的返工流程,因此我们将不再对此类设备进行保修。

然而,在这些问题上还有另一件事。多余的字符H16 62不属于我们的标记方案。我们已经有人以这种方式伪造了Micron商标和/或SpecTek商标,以假冒SpecTek的原始零件。对我来说,奇怪的是划线员靠近第一个标记。在SpecTek标记的驱动器上,三个标记上的字体不同,它们看起来不像典型的Micron划线字体。无论如何希望这会有所帮助。

Thx-特德

因此,这三个条形图是带有机械缺陷的高风险无保修折扣闪光的合法标记。客户应该自己进行返工和测试。但是,根据额外的标记,驱动器中的芯片似乎是伪造的。也许假冒劣质产品更容易。


3
太有趣了。非常感谢您提供帮助!
康纳·沃尔夫

1
返工和测试零件的第三方可能已添加了额外的标记。同样,它们是他们的质量检查代码。它们看起来好像是通过不同的机制应用的。
John Meacham

@JohnMeacham基于两个驱动器的故障,我对是否进行了任何测试表示怀疑。但是我同意第三方可能会添加额外的字符。
亚当·豪恩

@AdamHaun-考虑到它们似乎以相同的方式失败了,我认为有故障的固件比坏的闪存更有可能,但这只是一个猜测。
康纳·沃尔夫

@ConnorWolf也许吧。但是固件易于复制,并且控制器具有Silicon Motion部件号。他们似乎是一家合法公司。如果他们的固件有问题我会感到惊讶。另一方面,第三方伪造固件...
Adam Haun

-1

芯片可能很好,但是机器出现故障,无法在芯片上打印标记。但是它们仍然被出售和使用。

我已经看到某些设备中的芯片以某种方式去除了标记,从而使IC无法识别,我怀疑这可能是试图防止廉价盗版制造商复制电路。(还有像我这样的DIY爱好者。)


2
我们在评论中讨论了第一点,但是似乎不太可能。首先,它们是OP等机构指出的激光标记,其次,这些线与原始标记未对齐,这表明它是在制造后完成的。评论中也提到了第二点,但是如果是这种情况,那么无论谁做的都做得很糟糕。
汤姆·卡彭特
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