在Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial上安装QGIS 2.14 Essen

26

我在Xenial上安装QGIS时遇到问题。

`debian`发布

当我尝试使用debian发行版（即没有ubuntugis依赖项）时，出现以下错误（请注意，没有xenial发行版，因此我wily在设置时使用了sources.list）：

~$ sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 python-qgis : Depends: python-qgis-common (= 1:2.14.1+23wily) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgispython2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-server2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
 qgis : Depends: libgdal.so.1-1.11.2 but it is not installable
        Depends: libgsl0ldbl (>= 1.9) but it is not installable
        Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: qgis-providers (= 1:2.14.1+23wily) but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-provider-grass but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-plugin-globe but it is not going to be installed
 qgis-plugin-grass : Depends: qgis-provider-grass (= 1:2.14.1+23wily) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgisgrass7-2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

`ubuntugis`发布

在debian发行失败之后，我尝试ubuntugis通过添加ubuntugis-unstablePPA来尝试发行（再次，我使用wilyubuntugis发行来与QGIS发行保持一致）：

:~$ sudo apt update 
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [92.2 kB]
Hit:2 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease                                                                                                
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu wily InRelease [15.5 kB]                                                                     
Get:4 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [93.3 kB]                                                                                    
Hit:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/git-core/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease                                                                                             
Hit:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease                                                                                   
Hit:7 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease                                                        
Get:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu wily/main amd64 Packages [4,297 B]                       
Get:9 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu wily/main i386 Packages [4,307 B]                  
Get:10 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu wily/main Translation-en [2,463 B]     
Ign:11 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu wily InRelease                                                  
Hit:12 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu wily Release                      
Ign:14 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/ InRelease
Hit:15 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/ Release
Ign:17 http://qgis.org/ubuntugis wily InRelease    
Err:18 http://qgis.org/ubuntugis wily Release
  404  Not Found [IP: 104.27.138.220 80]
Reading package lists... Done
W: https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/xenial/Release.gpg: Signature by key E298A3A825C0D65DFD57CBB651716619E084DAB9 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
E: The repository 'http://qgis.org/ubuntugis wily Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

该行E: The repository 'http://qgis.org/ubuntugis wily Release' does not have a Release file.看起来很致命，所以我尝试了trusty（最新支持的版本）。已更新，但是在尝试安装时：

:~$ sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 python-qgis : Depends: python-qgis-common (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgispython2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-server2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
 qgis : Depends: libgdal.so.1-1.11.2
        Depends: libgdal1h (>= 1.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libgeos-c1 (>= 3.4.2) but it is not installable
        Depends: libgsl0ldbl (>= 1.9) but it is not installable
        Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: qgis-providers (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-provider-grass but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-plugin-globe but it is not going to be installed
 qgis-plugin-grass : Depends: qgis-provider-grass (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libgdal1h (>= 1.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgisgrass7-2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: grass-core but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

最后，为了完整起见，xenial发布了ubuntugis：

$ sudo apt install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 python-qgis : Depends: python-qgis-common (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgispython2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libqgis-server2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
 qgis : Depends: libgdal.so.1-1.11.2 but it is not installable
        Depends: libgdal1h (>= 1.8.0) but it is not installable
        Depends: libgeos-c1 (>= 3.4.2) but it is not installable
        Depends: libgsl0ldbl (>= 1.9) but it is not installable
        Depends: libqgis-analysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: libqgis-networkanalysis2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
        Depends: qgis-providers (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-provider-grass but it is not going to be installed
        Recommends: qgis-plugin-globe but it is not going to be installed
 qgis-plugin-grass : Depends: qgis-provider-grass (= 1:2.14.1+20trusty-ubuntugis) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libgdal1h (>= 1.8.0) but it is not installable
                     Depends: libqgis-app2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-core2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgis-gui2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libqgisgrass7-2.14.1 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

希望不久将发布适用于Xenial的QGIS版本，但是有人能在Xenial上安装QGIS 2.14吗？

qgis installation ubuntu

— 菲尔
source

我从Stackoverflow找到了这个答案来解决问题：stackoverflow.com/a/39770173/5948083

— Dave-Evans

35

看起来debian存储库中实际上有Xenial支持，尽管我自己还没有尝试以下解决方案，但我认为值得尝试。

在尝试以下操作之前，我将使用卸载所有以前的qgis软件包sudo apt-get remove qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass，deb http://qgis.org/debian wily main并deb-src http://qgis.org/debian wily main从中删除它们/etc/apt/sources.list。

编辑要删除在安装qgis时作为自动依赖项安装的软件包，请sudo apt-get autoremove在运行上述命令以删除它们后运行该命令。 结束编辑

以下内容是从qgis.org改编而成的，以包含xenial关键字。

将以下内容添加到您的/etc/apt/sources.list：

deb http://qgis.org/debian xenial main

deb-src http://qgis.org/debian xenial main

然后执行：

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install qgis python-qgis qgis-plugin-grass

我很想听听您是否可以使用它。

— 乔纳斯·佩德森
source

1

我没有尝试过的一种配置！谢谢。

— 菲尔

很高兴能够提供帮助！

— JonasPedersen '16

2

这是我使用的解决方案，但是直到我从python的dist-packages文件夹中删除了GDAL 2.1文件夹后，它才起作用。它掩盖了正确的版本，并导致缺少python-gdal错误。现在一切都好。

— 罗布·斯凯利

对我而言，下载已开始，但警告未得到验证。我应该很担心吗？

— Abhijit Gujar

2

如果碰上钥匙圈的问题，看到这个页面的说明..

— Nxaunxau

4

如果不确定支持哪些发行版，deb请在浏览器中输入url ，然后导航到该dists文件夹。

然后，您将看到这http://qgis.org/debian/dists/取决于xenial，而http://qgis.org/ubuntugis/dists/仅支持精确和可信赖。

其他来源是ubuntugis稳定的ppa，目前仅可信赖的QGIS 2.8.3，而ubuntugis不稳定的仍然是QGIS 2.8.1。这些PPA最近有一些活动，因此请密切注意它们。

QGIS 2.14.1也可从主要的debian软件包中用于Debian sid，而jessie backports提供2.8.6（与Ubuntu相同）。

更新

该ubuntugis不稳定PPA现在支持Xenial QGIS 2.14.1过。

— 安德烈·J
source

3

作为Linux Mint'Cinnamon'17.3用户，我还为这些“未满足的依赖项（libgdal.so.1-1.11.2等）”而苦苦挣扎，不得不更新ppa。我是通过在以下链接中加入以下链接来做到这一点的/etc/apt/sources.list：

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu trusty main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu trusty main

— 安沙尔
source

1

这也适用于Ubuntu xenial吗？据我所知，该ppa中没有用于xenial的GDAL或QGIS软件包（尚未）。

— AndreJ

显然，还没有用于Xenial的GDAL或QGIS软件包。我不知道您可以在多大程度上使用可信任的

— 证书

对于Linux Mint 17.3，可以使用可信赖的二进制文件。与Mint世界中的ubuntu xenial等效的Linux Mint 18将于2016年6月上市。您可能必须使用QGIS debian软件包。

— AndreJ 2016年

如果人们想知道这是哪里来的，这是官方的裁判-trac.osgeo.org/ubuntugis/wiki/UbuntuGISRepository

— chrismarx

是的，它确实适用于16.04

— chrismarx

0

要将其安装在xenial中，您只需要：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install qgis

— leCrazyEngineer
source

值得一提的是，我发现QGIS 2.16.3在Xubuntu 16.04中不稳定：频繁发生崩溃（程序关闭，没有警告，没有崩溃报告-没什么），通常与包含以下内容的项目的“实时”重新投影有关栅格背景映射。在Kubuntu 14.04中，QGIS 2.16.2的可靠性稍高一些，但并不完美。

— NickN

如果没有添加额外的ppa，这将无法工作，对吗？

— chrismarx '18年

OP明确指出他们已经尝试过了。

— 戴夫-埃文斯

0

尽管实施了Internet上的许多技巧，但直到遇到这段简短而有用的视频，我还是无法在Ubuntu 16.04上安装QGIS ：https : //www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmJwYaYmRDU

在那之前，我还一直在努力处理有关各种“未满足的依赖项”和“缺少/损坏的程序包”的消息（视频创建者的提示：Linux Enthusiast）

这是您需要在终端中执行的步骤：

步骤1. 输入：

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list [按Enter]

步骤2. 输入：

deb https://qgis.org/ubuntugis-ltr xenial main

deb-src https://qgis.org/ubuntugis-ltr xenial main    

deb http:/ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntugis-unstable/ubuntu/ubuntu xenial main

[按Enter键，当系统提示您“保存修改的缓冲区”时，按y键）

步骤3. 输入：

wget -O - https://qgis.org/downloads/qgis-2017.gpg.key | gpg --import [按Enter]

输入：

gpg --fingerprint CAEB3DC3BDF7FB45 [按Enter]

步骤4. 输入：

sudo apt-get update [按Enter]

步骤5. 输入：

sudo apt-get install qgis-server python-qgis [按Enter]

你想继续吗？-[按y键]

安装这些软件包而不进行验证？[按y键]

然后将安装QGIS，此后您将在程序列表中找到它。祝您好运，希望对您有所帮助。**

— 晶须
source

-2

Debian Xenial为我工作。我首先将bleachbit安装到autoremove，干净。

以上是谷歌翻译自：

Debian Xenial fonctionne倒Moi。J'ai d'abord install bleachbit pour faire un automove，clean。

— jojobound
source