我可以从决策树中经过训练的树中提取出基本的决策规则（或“决策路径”）作为文本列表吗？

就像是：

if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X'

谢谢你的帮助。

我相信这个答案比这里的其他答案更正确：

from sklearn.tree import _tree

def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names):
    tree_ = tree.tree_
    feature_name = [
        feature_names[i] if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!"
        for i in tree_.feature
    ]
    print "def tree({}):".format(", ".join(feature_names))

    def recurse(node, depth):
        indent = "  " * depth
        if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
            name = feature_name[node]
            threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
            print "{}if {} <= {}:".format(indent, name, threshold)
            recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1)
            print "{}else:  # if {} > {}".format(indent, name, threshold)
            recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1)
        else:
            print "{}return {}".format(indent, tree_.value[node])

    recurse(0, 1)

这会打印出有效的Python函数。这是尝试返回其输入的树的示例输出，该数字介于0和10之间。

def tree(f0):
  if f0 <= 6.0:
    if f0 <= 1.5:
      return [[ 0.]]
    else:  # if f0 > 1.5
      if f0 <= 4.5:
        if f0 <= 3.5:
          return [[ 3.]]
        else:  # if f0 > 3.5
          return [[ 4.]]
      else:  # if f0 > 4.5
        return [[ 5.]]
  else:  # if f0 > 6.0
    if f0 <= 8.5:
      if f0 <= 7.5:
        return [[ 7.]]
      else:  # if f0 > 7.5
        return [[ 8.]]
    else:  # if f0 > 8.5
      return [[ 9.]]

这是我在其他答案中看到的一些绊脚石：

1. 使用tree_.threshold == -2来决定一个节点是否为叶是不是一个好主意。如果它是阈值为-2的真实决策节点怎么办？相反，您应该查看tree.feature或tree.children_*。
2. 该行在features = [feature_names[i] for i in tree_.feature]我的sklearn版本中崩溃，因为某些值tree.tree_.feature是-2（特别是对于叶节点）。
3. 递归函数中不需要有多个if语句，只需一个就可以了。

我创建了自己的函数，以从sklearn创建的决策树中提取规则：

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier

# dummy data:
df = pd.DataFrame({'col1':[0,1,2,3],'col2':[3,4,5,6],'dv':[0,1,0,1]})

# create decision tree
dt = DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=5, min_samples_leaf=1)
dt.fit(df.ix[:,:2], df.dv)

此函数首先从节点开始（在子数组中由-1标识），然后递归地找到父节点。我称其为节点的“血统”。一路上，我掌握了创建if / then / else SAS逻辑所需的值：

def get_lineage(tree, feature_names):
     left      = tree.tree_.children_left
     right     = tree.tree_.children_right
     threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
     features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]

     # get ids of child nodes
     idx = np.argwhere(left == -1)[:,0]     

     def recurse(left, right, child, lineage=None):          
          if lineage is None:
               lineage = [child]
          if child in left:
               parent = np.where(left == child)[0].item()
               split = 'l'
          else:
               parent = np.where(right == child)[0].item()
               split = 'r'

          lineage.append((parent, split, threshold[parent], features[parent]))

          if parent == 0:
               lineage.reverse()
               return lineage
          else:
               return recurse(left, right, parent, lineage)

     for child in idx:
          for node in recurse(left, right, child):
               print node

下面的元组集包含创建SAS if / then / else语句所需的所有内容。我不喜欢do在SAS中使用块，这就是为什么我创建描述节点整个路径的逻辑的原因。元组之后的单个整数是路径中终端节点的ID。所有前面的元组组合在一起创建该节点。

In [1]: get_lineage(dt, df.columns)
(0, 'l', 0.5, 'col1')
1
(0, 'r', 0.5, 'col1')
(2, 'l', 4.5, 'col2')
3
(0, 'r', 0.5, 'col1')
(2, 'r', 4.5, 'col2')
(4, 'l', 2.5, 'col1')
5
(0, 'r', 0.5, 'col1')
(2, 'r', 4.5, 'col2')
(4, 'r', 2.5, 'col1')
6

我修改了Zelazny7提交的代码以打印一些伪代码：

def get_code(tree, feature_names):
        left      = tree.tree_.children_left
        right     = tree.tree_.children_right
        threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
        features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
        value = tree.tree_.value

        def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node):
                if (threshold[node] != -2):
                        print "if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {"
                        if left[node] != -1:
                                recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node])
                        print "} else {"
                        if right[node] != -1:
                                recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node])
                        print "}"
                else:
                        print "return " + str(value[node])

        recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0)

如果调用get_code(dt, df.columns)同一示例，则将获得：

if ( col1 <= 0.5 ) {
return [[ 1.  0.]]
} else {
if ( col2 <= 4.5 ) {
return [[ 0.  1.]]
} else {
if ( col1 <= 2.5 ) {
return [[ 1.  0.]]
} else {
return [[ 0.  1.]]
}
}
}

Scikit Learn引入了一种美味的新方法，称为export_text0.21版（2019年5月），用于从树中提取规则。文档在这里。不再需要创建自定义函数。

拟合模型后，只需两行代码。首先，导入export_text：

from sklearn.tree.export import export_text

其次，创建一个包含规则的对象。为了使规则更具可读性，请使用feature_names参数并传递功能名称列表。例如，如果您的模型被调用，model并且您的要素在名为的数据框中命名X_train，则可以创建一个名为的对象tree_rules：

tree_rules = export_text(model, feature_names=list(X_train))

然后只需打印或保存tree_rules。您的输出将如下所示：

|--- Age <= 0.63
|   |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.61
|   |   |--- Age <= -0.16
|   |   |   |--- class: 0
|   |   |--- Age >  -0.16
|   |   |   |--- EstimatedSalary <= -0.06
|   |   |   |   |--- class: 0
|   |   |   |--- EstimatedSalary >  -0.06
|   |   |   |   |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.40
|   |   |   |   |   |--- EstimatedSalary <= 0.03
|   |   |   |   |   |   |--- class: 1

0.18.0版本中提供了一种新DecisionTreeClassifier方法。开发人员提供了广泛的（有据可查的）演练。decision_path

演练中打印树结构的代码的第一部分似乎还可以。但是，我修改了第二部分中的代码以询问一个样本。我的更改用表示# <--

编辑# <--在拉取请求＃8653和＃10951中指出错误之后，以下代码中标记的更改已在演练链接中更新。现在跟随起来要容易得多。

sample_id = 0
node_index = node_indicator.indices[node_indicator.indptr[sample_id]:
                                    node_indicator.indptr[sample_id + 1]]

print('Rules used to predict sample %s: ' % sample_id)
for node_id in node_index:

    if leave_id[sample_id] == node_id:  # <-- changed != to ==
        #continue # <-- comment out
        print("leaf node {} reached, no decision here".format(leave_id[sample_id])) # <--

    else: # < -- added else to iterate through decision nodes
        if (X_test[sample_id, feature[node_id]] <= threshold[node_id]):
            threshold_sign = "<="
        else:
            threshold_sign = ">"

        print("decision id node %s : (X[%s, %s] (= %s) %s %s)"
              % (node_id,
                 sample_id,
                 feature[node_id],
                 X_test[sample_id, feature[node_id]], # <-- changed i to sample_id
                 threshold_sign,
                 threshold[node_id]))

Rules used to predict sample 0: 
decision id node 0 : (X[0, 3] (= 2.4) > 0.800000011921)
decision id node 2 : (X[0, 2] (= 5.1) > 4.94999980927)
leaf node 4 reached, no decision here

更改sample_id以查看其他样本的决策路径。我没有问过开发人员这些更改，只是在研究示例时看起来更加直观。

from StringIO import StringIO
out = StringIO()
out = tree.export_graphviz(clf, out_file=out)
print out.getvalue()

您可以看到有向图树。然后，clf.tree_.feature和clf.tree_.value分别是节点分割特征数组和节点值数组。您可以从此github源中引用更多详细信息。

仅仅因为每个人都非常乐于助人，所以我将对Zelazny7和Daniele的精美解决方案进行修改。这个是针对python 2.7的，带有标签使其更具可读性：

def get_code(tree, feature_names, tabdepth=0):
    left      = tree.tree_.children_left
    right     = tree.tree_.children_right
    threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
    features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
    value = tree.tree_.value

    def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, tabdepth=0):
            if (threshold[node] != -2):
                    print '\t' * tabdepth,
                    print "if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {"
                    if left[node] != -1:
                            recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node], tabdepth+1)
                    print '\t' * tabdepth,
                    print "} else {"
                    if right[node] != -1:
                            recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node], tabdepth+1)
                    print '\t' * tabdepth,
                    print "}"
            else:
                    print '\t' * tabdepth,
                    print "return " + str(value[node])

    recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0)

下面的代码是我在anaconda python 2.7下加上包名称“ pydot-ng”制作带有决策规则的PDF文件的方法。希望对您有所帮助。

from sklearn import tree

clf = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier(max_leaf_nodes=n)
clf_ = clf.fit(X, data_y)

feature_names = X.columns
class_name = clf_.classes_.astype(int).astype(str)

def output_pdf(clf_, name):
    from sklearn import tree
    from sklearn.externals.six import StringIO
    import pydot_ng as pydot
    dot_data = StringIO()
    tree.export_graphviz(clf_, out_file=dot_data,
                         feature_names=feature_names,
                         class_names=class_name,
                         filled=True, rounded=True,
                         special_characters=True,
                          node_ids=1,)
    graph = pydot.graph_from_dot_data(dot_data.getvalue())
    graph.write_pdf("%s.pdf"%name)

output_pdf(clf_, name='filename%s'%n)

一个树形图在这里显示

我已经经历过了，但是我需要规则以这种格式编写

if A>0.4 then if B<0.2 then if C>0.8 then class='X' 

因此，我修改了@paulkernfeld的答案（谢谢），您可以根据自己的需要进行自定义

def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names, Y):
    tree_ = tree.tree_
    feature_name = [
        feature_names[i] if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!"
        for i in tree_.feature
    ]
    pathto=dict()

    global k
    k = 0
    def recurse(node, depth, parent):
        global k
        indent = "  " * depth

        if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
            name = feature_name[node]
            threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
            s= "{} <= {} ".format( name, threshold, node )
            if node == 0:
                pathto[node]=s
            else:
                pathto[node]=pathto[parent]+' & ' +s

            recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1, node)
            s="{} > {}".format( name, threshold)
            if node == 0:
                pathto[node]=s
            else:
                pathto[node]=pathto[parent]+' & ' +s
            recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1, node)
        else:
            k=k+1
            print(k,')',pathto[parent], tree_.value[node])
    recurse(0, 1, 0)

这是一种使用SKompiler库将整个树转换为单个（不一定是人类可读的）python表达式的方法：

from skompiler import skompile
skompile(dtree.predict).to('python/code')

这基于@paulkernfeld的答案。如果您有一个具有特征的数据框X和一个具有共振的目标数据框y，并且想要了解哪个y值终止于哪个节点（并相应地对其进行绘制），则可以执行以下操作：

    def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names):
        from sklearn.tree import _tree
        codelines = []
        codelines.append('def get_cat(X_tmp):\n')
        codelines.append('   catout = []\n')
        codelines.append('   for codelines in range(0,X_tmp.shape[0]):\n')
        codelines.append('      Xin = X_tmp.iloc[codelines]\n')
        tree_ = tree.tree_
        feature_name = [
            feature_names[i] if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!"
            for i in tree_.feature
        ]
        #print "def tree({}):".format(", ".join(feature_names))

        def recurse(node, depth):
            indent = "      " * depth
            if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
                name = feature_name[node]
                threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
                codelines.append ('{}if Xin["{}"] <= {}:\n'.format(indent, name, threshold))
                recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1)
                codelines.append( '{}else:  # if Xin["{}"] > {}\n'.format(indent, name, threshold))
                recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1)
            else:
                codelines.append( '{}mycat = {}\n'.format(indent, node))

        recurse(0, 1)
        codelines.append('      catout.append(mycat)\n')
        codelines.append('   return pd.DataFrame(catout,index=X_tmp.index,columns=["category"])\n')
        codelines.append('node_ids = get_cat(X)\n')
        return codelines
    mycode = tree_to_code(clf,X.columns.values)

    # now execute the function and obtain the dataframe with all nodes
    exec(''.join(mycode))
    node_ids = [int(x[0]) for x in node_ids.values]
    node_ids2 = pd.DataFrame(node_ids)

    print('make plot')
    import matplotlib.cm as cm
    colors = cm.rainbow(np.linspace(0, 1, 1+max( list(set(node_ids)))))
    #plt.figure(figsize=cm2inch(24, 21))
    for i in list(set(node_ids)):
        plt.plot(y[node_ids2.values==i],'o',color=colors[i], label=str(i))  
    mytitle = ['y colored by node']
    plt.title(mytitle ,fontsize=14)
    plt.xlabel('my xlabel')
    plt.ylabel(tagname)
    plt.xticks(rotation=70)       
    plt.legend(loc='upper center', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 1.00), shadow=True, ncol=9)
    plt.tight_layout()
    plt.show()
    plt.close 

不是最优雅的版本，但可以胜任工作...

这是您需要的代码

我已经修改了最喜欢的代码以正确缩进jupyter笔记本python 3

import numpy as np
from sklearn.tree import _tree

def tree_to_code(tree, feature_names):
    tree_ = tree.tree_
    feature_name = [feature_names[i] 
                    if i != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED else "undefined!" 
                    for i in tree_.feature]
    print("def tree({}):".format(", ".join(feature_names)))

    def recurse(node, depth):
        indent = "    " * depth
        if tree_.feature[node] != _tree.TREE_UNDEFINED:
            name = feature_name[node]
            threshold = tree_.threshold[node]
            print("{}if {} <= {}:".format(indent, name, threshold))
            recurse(tree_.children_left[node], depth + 1)
            print("{}else:  # if {} > {}".format(indent, name, threshold))
            recurse(tree_.children_right[node], depth + 1)
        else:
            print("{}return {}".format(indent, np.argmax(tree_.value[node])))

    recurse(0, 1)

这是一个函数，在python 3下打印scikit-learn决策树的规则，并带有条件块的偏移量以使结构更易读：

def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names=None, offset_unit='    '):
    '''Plots textual representation of rules of a decision tree
    tree: scikit-learn representation of tree
    feature_names: list of feature names. They are set to f1,f2,f3,... if not specified
    offset_unit: a string of offset of the conditional block'''

    left      = tree.tree_.children_left
    right     = tree.tree_.children_right
    threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
    value = tree.tree_.value
    if feature_names is None:
        features  = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
    else:
        features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]        

    def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
            offset = offset_unit*depth
            if (threshold[node] != -2):
                    print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
                    if left[node] != -1:
                            recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
                    print(offset+"} else {")
                    if right[node] != -1:
                            recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
                    print(offset+"}")
            else:
                    print(offset+"return " + str(value[node]))

    recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)

您还可以通过区分它属于哪个类，甚至提及其输出值来使它更具信息性。

def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names, offset_unit='    '):    
left      = tree.tree_.children_left
right     = tree.tree_.children_right
threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
value = tree.tree_.value
if feature_names is None:
    features  = ['f%d'%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
else:
    features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]        

def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0):
        offset = offset_unit*depth
        if (threshold[node] != -2):
                print(offset+"if ( " + features[node] + " <= " + str(threshold[node]) + " ) {")
                if left[node] != -1:
                        recurse (left, right, threshold, features,left[node],depth+1)
                print(offset+"} else {")
                if right[node] != -1:
                        recurse (left, right, threshold, features,right[node],depth+1)
                print(offset+"}")
        else:
                #print(offset,value[node]) 

                #To remove values from node
                temp=str(value[node])
                mid=len(temp)//2
                tempx=[]
                tempy=[]
                cnt=0
                for i in temp:
                    if cnt<=mid:
                        tempx.append(i)
                        cnt+=1
                    else:
                        tempy.append(i)
                        cnt+=1
                val_yes=[]
                val_no=[]
                res=[]
                for j in tempx:
                    if j=="[" or j=="]" or j=="." or j==" ":
                        res.append(j)
                    else:
                        val_no.append(j)
                for j in tempy:
                    if j=="[" or j=="]" or j=="." or j==" ":
                        res.append(j)
                    else:
                        val_yes.append(j)
                val_yes = int("".join(map(str, val_yes)))
                val_no = int("".join(map(str, val_no)))

                if val_yes>val_no:
                    print(offset,'\033[1m',"YES")
                    print('\033[0m')
                elif val_no>val_yes:
                    print(offset,'\033[1m',"NO")
                    print('\033[0m')
                else:
                    print(offset,'\033[1m',"Tie")
                    print('\033[0m')

recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0)

这是我提取可直接在sql中使用的形式的决策规则的方法，因此可以按节点对数据进行分组。（基于先前海报的方法。）

结果将是CASE可以复制到sql语句（例如）的后续子句。

SELECT COALESCE(*CASE WHEN <conditions> THEN > <NodeA>*, > *CASE WHEN <conditions> THEN <NodeB>*, > ....)NodeName,* > FROM <table or view>

import numpy as np

import pickle
feature_names=.............
features  = [feature_names[i] for i in range(len(feature_names))]
clf= pickle.loads(trained_model)
impurity=clf.tree_.impurity
importances = clf.feature_importances_
SqlOut=""

#global Conts
global ContsNode
global Path
#Conts=[]#
ContsNode=[]
Path=[]
global Results
Results=[]

def print_decision_tree(tree, feature_names, offset_unit=''    ''):    
    left      = tree.tree_.children_left
    right     = tree.tree_.children_right
    threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
    value = tree.tree_.value

    if feature_names is None:
        features  = [''f%d''%i for i in tree.tree_.feature]
    else:
        features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]        

    def recurse(left, right, threshold, features, node, depth=0,ParentNode=0,IsElse=0):
        global Conts
        global ContsNode
        global Path
        global Results
        global LeftParents
        LeftParents=[]
        global RightParents
        RightParents=[]
        for i in range(len(left)): # This is just to tell you how to create a list.
            LeftParents.append(-1)
            RightParents.append(-1)
            ContsNode.append("")
            Path.append("")


        for i in range(len(left)): # i is node
            if (left[i]==-1 and right[i]==-1):      
                if LeftParents[i]>=0:
                    if Path[LeftParents[i]]>" ":
                        Path[i]=Path[LeftParents[i]]+" AND " +ContsNode[LeftParents[i]]                                 
                    else:
                        Path[i]=ContsNode[LeftParents[i]]                                   
                if RightParents[i]>=0:
                    if Path[RightParents[i]]>" ":
                        Path[i]=Path[RightParents[i]]+" AND not " +ContsNode[RightParents[i]]                                   
                    else:
                        Path[i]=" not " +ContsNode[RightParents[i]]                     
                Results.append(" case when  " +Path[i]+"  then ''" +"{:4d}".format(i)+ " "+"{:2.2f}".format(impurity[i])+" "+Path[i][0:180]+"''")

            else:       
                if LeftParents[i]>=0:
                    if Path[LeftParents[i]]>" ":
                        Path[i]=Path[LeftParents[i]]+" AND " +ContsNode[LeftParents[i]]                                 
                    else:
                        Path[i]=ContsNode[LeftParents[i]]                                   
                if RightParents[i]>=0:
                    if Path[RightParents[i]]>" ":
                        Path[i]=Path[RightParents[i]]+" AND not " +ContsNode[RightParents[i]]                                   
                    else:
                        Path[i]=" not "+ContsNode[RightParents[i]]                      
                if (left[i]!=-1):
                    LeftParents[left[i]]=i
                if (right[i]!=-1):
                    RightParents[right[i]]=i
                ContsNode[i]=   "( "+ features[i] + " <= " + str(threshold[i])   + " ) "

    recurse(left, right, threshold, features, 0,0,0,0)
print_decision_tree(clf,features)
SqlOut=""
for i in range(len(Results)): 
    SqlOut=SqlOut+Results[i]+ " end,"+chr(13)+chr(10)

现在您可以使用export_text。

from sklearn.tree import export_text

r = export_text(loan_tree, feature_names=(list(X_train.columns)))
print(r)

[sklearn] [1]中的完整示例

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
from sklearn.tree import export_text
iris = load_iris()
X = iris['data']
y = iris['target']
decision_tree = DecisionTreeClassifier(random_state=0, max_depth=2)
decision_tree = decision_tree.fit(X, y)
r = export_text(decision_tree, feature_names=iris['feature_names'])
print(r)

修改了Zelazny7的代码以从决策树中获取SQL。

# SQL from decision tree

def get_lineage(tree, feature_names):
     left      = tree.tree_.children_left
     right     = tree.tree_.children_right
     threshold = tree.tree_.threshold
     features  = [feature_names[i] for i in tree.tree_.feature]
     le='<='               
     g ='>'
     # get ids of child nodes
     idx = np.argwhere(left == -1)[:,0]     

     def recurse(left, right, child, lineage=None):          
          if lineage is None:
               lineage = [child]
          if child in left:
               parent = np.where(left == child)[0].item()
               split = 'l'
          else:
               parent = np.where(right == child)[0].item()
               split = 'r'
          lineage.append((parent, split, threshold[parent], features[parent]))
          if parent == 0:
               lineage.reverse()
               return lineage
          else:
               return recurse(left, right, parent, lineage)
     print 'case '
     for j,child in enumerate(idx):
        clause=' when '
        for node in recurse(left, right, child):
            if len(str(node))<3:
                continue
            i=node
            if i[1]=='l':  sign=le 
            else: sign=g
            clause=clause+i[3]+sign+str(i[2])+' and '
        clause=clause[:-4]+' then '+str(j)
        print clause
     print 'else 99 end as clusters'

显然，很久以前，已经有人决定尝试将以下功能添加到官方scikit的树导出功能中（该功能基本上仅支持export_graphviz）

def export_dict(tree, feature_names=None, max_depth=None) :
    """Export a decision tree in dict format.

这是他的全部承诺：

https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/blob/79bdc8f711d0af225ed6be9fdb708cea9f98a910/sklearn/tree/export.py

不确定该评论发生了什么。但是您也可以尝试使用该功能。

我认为这对scikit-learn的优秀人员提出了严肃的文档要求，以正确地记录sklearn.tree.TreeAPI，API是DecisionTreeClassifier作为其属性公开的底层树结构tree_。

像这样使用sklearn.tree中的函数

from sklearn.tree import export_graphviz
    export_graphviz(tree,
                out_file = "tree.dot",
                feature_names = tree.columns) //or just ["petal length", "petal width"]

然后在项目文件夹中查找tree.dot文件，复制所有内容并将其粘贴到此处http://www.webgraphviz.com/并生成图形：）

感谢@paulkerfeld的出色解决方案。在他的解决方案之上，为所有那些谁希望有树木序列化版本，只要使用tree.threshold，tree.children_left，tree.children_right，tree.feature和tree.value。由于叶子没有分裂，因此没有要素名称和子元素，因此它们在tree.feature和tree.children_***中的占位符为_tree.TREE_UNDEFINEDand _tree.TREE_LEAF。每个分割均由分配唯一索引depth first search。
请注意，tree.value形状为[n, 1, 1]

这是一个通过转换以下内容的决策树生成Python代码的函数export_text：

import string
from sklearn.tree import export_text

def export_py_code(tree, feature_names, max_depth=100, spacing=4):
    if spacing < 2:
        raise ValueError('spacing must be > 1')

    # Clean up feature names (for correctness)
    nums = string.digits
    alnums = string.ascii_letters + nums
    clean = lambda s: ''.join(c if c in alnums else '_' for c in s)
    features = [clean(x) for x in feature_names]
    features = ['_'+x if x[0] in nums else x for x in features if x]
    if len(set(features)) != len(feature_names):
        raise ValueError('invalid feature names')

    # First: export tree to text
    res = export_text(tree, feature_names=features, 
                        max_depth=max_depth,
                        decimals=6,
                        spacing=spacing-1)

    # Second: generate Python code from the text
    skip, dash = ' '*spacing, '-'*(spacing-1)
    code = 'def decision_tree({}):\n'.format(', '.join(features))
    for line in repr(tree).split('\n'):
        code += skip + "# " + line + '\n'
    for line in res.split('\n'):
        line = line.rstrip().replace('|',' ')
        if '<' in line or '>' in line:
            line, val = line.rsplit(maxsplit=1)
            line = line.replace(' ' + dash, 'if')
            line = '{} {:g}:'.format(line, float(val))
        else:
            line = line.replace(' {} class:'.format(dash), 'return')
        code += skip + line + '\n'

    return code

用法示例：

res = export_py_code(tree, feature_names=names, spacing=4)
print (res)

样本输出：

def decision_tree(f1, f2, f3):
    # DecisionTreeClassifier(class_weight=None, criterion='gini', max_depth=3,
    #                        max_features=None, max_leaf_nodes=None,
    #                        min_impurity_decrease=0.0, min_impurity_split=None,
    #                        min_samples_leaf=1, min_samples_split=2,
    #                        min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.0, presort=False,
    #                        random_state=42, splitter='best')
    if f1 <= 12.5:
        if f2 <= 17.5:
            if f1 <= 10.5:
                return 2
            if f1 > 10.5:
                return 3
        if f2 > 17.5:
            if f2 <= 22.5:
                return 1
            if f2 > 22.5:
                return 1
    if f1 > 12.5:
        if f1 <= 17.5:
            if f3 <= 23.5:
                return 2
            if f3 > 23.5:
                return 3
        if f1 > 17.5:
            if f1 <= 25:
                return 1
            if f1 > 25:
                return 2

上面的示例是使用生成的names = ['f'+str(j+1) for j in range(NUM_FEATURES)]。

一个方便的功能是，它可以生成较小的文件，且间距减小。刚设定spacing=2。