您可以使用此类来测试两个正在访问的线程,并测试一个正在更改的共享实例ConcurrentHashMap
:
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class ConcurrentMapIteration
{
private final Map<String, String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();
private final static int MAP_SIZE = 100000;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new ConcurrentMapIteration().run();
}
public ConcurrentMapIteration()
{
for (int i = 0; i < MAP_SIZE; i++)
{
map.put("key" + i, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
}
}
private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
private final class Accessor implements Runnable
{
private final Map<String, String> map;
public Accessor(Map<String, String> map)
{
this.map = map;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : this.map.entrySet())
{
System.out.println(
Thread.currentThread().getName() + " - [" + entry.getKey() + ", " + entry.getValue() + ']'
);
}
}
}
private final class Mutator implements Runnable
{
private final Map<String, String> map;
private final Random random = new Random();
public Mutator(Map<String, String> map)
{
this.map = map;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
this.map.remove("key" + random.nextInt(MAP_SIZE));
this.map.put("key" + random.nextInt(MAP_SIZE), UUID.randomUUID().toString());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
}
}
}
private void run()
{
Accessor a1 = new Accessor(this.map);
Accessor a2 = new Accessor(this.map);
Mutator m = new Mutator(this.map);
executor.execute(a1);
executor.execute(m);
executor.execute(a2);
}
}
没有异常将被抛出。
在访问器线程之间共享相同的迭代器可能导致死锁:
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class ConcurrentMapIteration
{
private final Map<String, String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();
private final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator;
private final static int MAP_SIZE = 100000;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new ConcurrentMapIteration().run();
}
public ConcurrentMapIteration()
{
for (int i = 0; i < MAP_SIZE; i++)
{
map.put("key" + i, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
}
this.iterator = this.map.entrySet().iterator();
}
private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
private final class Accessor implements Runnable
{
private final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator;
public Accessor(Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator)
{
this.iterator = iterator;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();
try
{
String st = Thread.currentThread().getName() + " - [" + entry.getKey() + ", " + entry.getValue() + ']';
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private final class Mutator implements Runnable
{
private final Map<String, String> map;
private final Random random = new Random();
public Mutator(Map<String, String> map)
{
this.map = map;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
this.map.remove("key" + random.nextInt(MAP_SIZE));
this.map.put("key" + random.nextInt(MAP_SIZE), UUID.randomUUID().toString());
}
}
}
private void run()
{
Accessor a1 = new Accessor(this.iterator);
Accessor a2 = new Accessor(this.iterator);
Mutator m = new Mutator(this.map);
executor.execute(a1);
executor.execute(m);
executor.execute(a2);
}
}
一旦您开始Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>>
在访问者线程和mutator线程之间共享它们,java.lang.IllegalStateException
就会开始弹出。
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class ConcurrentMapIteration
{
private final Map<String, String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();
private final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator;
private final static int MAP_SIZE = 100000;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new ConcurrentMapIteration().run();
}
public ConcurrentMapIteration()
{
for (int i = 0; i < MAP_SIZE; i++)
{
map.put("key" + i, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
}
this.iterator = this.map.entrySet().iterator();
}
private final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
private final class Accessor implements Runnable
{
private final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator;
public Accessor(Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator)
{
this.iterator = iterator;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while (iterator.hasNext())
{
Map.Entry<String, String> entry = iterator.next();
try
{
String st =
Thread.currentThread().getName() + " - [" + entry.getKey() + ", " + entry.getValue() + ']';
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private final class Mutator implements Runnable
{
private final Random random = new Random();
private final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator;
private final Map<String, String> map;
public Mutator(Map<String, String> map, Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> iterator)
{
this.map = map;
this.iterator = iterator;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while (iterator.hasNext())
{
try
{
iterator.remove();
this.map.put("key" + random.nextInt(MAP_SIZE), UUID.randomUUID().toString());
} catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private void run()
{
Accessor a1 = new Accessor(this.iterator);
Accessor a2 = new Accessor(this.iterator);
Mutator m = new Mutator(map, this.iterator);
executor.execute(a1);
executor.execute(m);
executor.execute(a2);
}
}