我想比较使用Python和C ++从stdin读取的字符串输入的行数,并且震惊地看到我的C ++代码运行速度比等效的Python代码慢一个数量级。由于我的C ++生锈,而且我还不是专家Pythonista,因此请告诉我我做错了什么还是误解了什么。
(TLDR回答:包括以下声明:cin.sync_with_stdio(false)
或仅使用fgets
代替。
TLDR结果:一直滚动到我的问题的底部,然后查看表格。)
C ++代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string input_line;
long line_count = 0;
time_t start = time(NULL);
int sec;
int lps;
while (cin) {
getline(cin, input_line);
if (!cin.eof())
line_count++;
};
sec = (int) time(NULL) - start;
cerr << "Read " << line_count << " lines in " << sec << " seconds.";
if (sec > 0) {
lps = line_count / sec;
cerr << " LPS: " << lps << endl;
} else
cerr << endl;
return 0;
}
// Compiled with:
// g++ -O3 -o readline_test_cpp foo.cpp
等同于Python:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import time
import sys
count = 0
start = time.time()
for line in sys.stdin:
count += 1
delta_sec = int(time.time() - start_time)
if delta_sec >= 0:
lines_per_sec = int(round(count/delta_sec))
print("Read {0} lines in {1} seconds. LPS: {2}".format(count, delta_sec,
lines_per_sec))
这是我的结果:
$ cat test_lines | ./readline_test_cpp
Read 5570000 lines in 9 seconds. LPS: 618889
$cat test_lines | ./readline_test.py
Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
我应该注意,我在Mac OS X v10.6.8(Snow Leopard)和Linux 2.6.32(Red Hat Linux 6.2)下都尝试过。前者是MacBook Pro,后者是非常强大的服务器,并不是说这太相关了。
$ for i in {1..5}; do echo "Test run $i at `date`"; echo -n "CPP:"; cat test_lines | ./readline_test_cpp ; echo -n "Python:"; cat test_lines | ./readline_test.py ; done
Test run 1 at Mon Feb 20 21:29:28 EST 2012
CPP: Read 5570001 lines in 9 seconds. LPS: 618889
Python:Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
Test run 2 at Mon Feb 20 21:29:39 EST 2012
CPP: Read 5570001 lines in 9 seconds. LPS: 618889
Python:Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
Test run 3 at Mon Feb 20 21:29:50 EST 2012
CPP: Read 5570001 lines in 9 seconds. LPS: 618889
Python:Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
Test run 4 at Mon Feb 20 21:30:01 EST 2012
CPP: Read 5570001 lines in 9 seconds. LPS: 618889
Python:Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
Test run 5 at Mon Feb 20 21:30:11 EST 2012
CPP: Read 5570001 lines in 10 seconds. LPS: 557000
Python:Read 5570000 lines in 1 seconds. LPS: 5570000
微小的基准附录和总结
为了完整起见,我认为我将使用原始(已同步)C ++代码更新同一框上同一文件的读取速度。同样,这是针对快速磁盘上的100M行文件。这是比较,有几种解决方案/方法:
Implementation Lines per second
python (default) 3,571,428
cin (default/naive) 819,672
cin (no sync) 12,500,000
fgets 14,285,714
wc (not fair comparison) 54,644,808
<iostream>
性能糟透了。这不是第一次。2)Python非常聪明,不会在for循环中复制数据,因为您没有使用它。您可以重新尝试使用scanf
和char[]
。或者,您可以尝试重写循环,以便对字符串进行某些处理(例如,保留第5个字母并将其连接到结果中)。
cin.eof()
!! 将getline
呼叫放入“ if”语句中。