在18.04上安装nvidia驱动程序

所有。我正在尝试修复我的系统，以便可以安装nvidia驱动程序，但由于某种原因它似乎卡住了。我尝试手动从中删除下载的文件

/var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_i386.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb

...以便让他们再次下载但无济于事。最近有人尝试在18.04上安装这些驱动程序吗？

~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
[sudo] password for jarl: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  lib32gcc1 libc6-i386
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libnvidia-gl-390 libnvidia-gl-390:i386
The following NEW packages will be installed
  libnvidia-gl-390 libnvidia-gl-390:i386
0 to upgrade, 2 to newly install, 0 to remove and 4 not to upgrade.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/29,1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 147 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 214344 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_i386.deb ...
diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
dpkg-divert: error: mismatch on package
  when removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 by libnvidia-gl-390'
  found 'diversion of /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_i386.deb (--unpack):
 new libnvidia-gl-390:i386 package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
Preparing to unpack .../libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb ...
diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340
dpkg-divert: error: mismatch on package
  when removing 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 by libnvidia-gl-390'
  found 'diversion of /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.distrib by nvidia-340'
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 new libnvidia-gl-390:amd64 package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_i386.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-gl-390_390.48-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

在ubuntu论坛上找到了此命令，与我合作得很好：

跑：

LC_MESSAGES=C dpkg-divert --list '*nvidia-340*' | sed -nre 's/^diversion of (.*) to .*/\1/p' | xargs -rd'\n' -n1 -- sudo dpkg-divert --remove
sudo apt --fix-broken install

第一条命令将从中删除所有转移的软件包nvidia-340。如果您有其他nvidia版本“转移”，请进行更改；阅读错误代码以了解哪个版本正在转移。

来源：https: //ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php ? t = 2388026 & p = 13761809#post13761809对stutteringp0et2表示感谢:)

这是另一个论坛的完整答案

答案的基本前提是：

1. 您有旧的依赖项要删除
2. 你想清理烂摊子
3. 您要安装新的驱动程序

我假设您从340驱动程序中安装了cr * p-这是我的问题

1. 删除旧的依赖

   LC_MESSAGES=C dpkg-divert --list '*nvidia-340*' | sed -nre 's/^diversion of (.*) to .*/\1/p' | xargs -rd'\n' -n1 -- sudo dpkg-divert --remove

2. 干净的混乱-取决于您安装的混乱，如果无法立即使用，请找出来;）

   sudo dpkg --force-all -P nvidia-390 nvidia-compute-utils-390 nvidia-dkms-390 nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-opencl-icd-340 nvidia-opencl-icd-384 nvidia-kernel-source-390 nvidia-kernel-common-390 libnvidia-cfg1-390 libnvidia-common-390 libnvidia-compute-390 libnvidia-decode-390 libnvidia-encode-390  libnvidia-fbc1-390 libnvidia-ifr1-390
   sudo apt purge --autoremove '*nvidia*'
   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get upgrade
   

3. 安装新的推荐驱动程序

   ubuntu-drivers devices
   nvidia-settings
   

我的建议是：
不要仅使用此cr * ppy驱动程序中的设置来检查是否已安装:)

我通过消除nvidia-340的转移来解决了这个问题。希望我不需要使用nvidia-340。以下是一个示例：

dpkg-divert --package nvidia-340 --remove /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1

有冲突时，您可以继续删除。

我将运行apt auto-clean，看看它是否是我认为的混乱的包装。

sudo apt auto-clean
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-390 libvulkan1

编辑：回答您的其他问题，当我前一天安装​​18.04时390工作正常，但转到396有点“有趣”。这为我解决了。

先运行这个

解 #for FILE in $(dpkg-divert --list | grep nvidia-340 | awk '{print $3}'); do dpkg-divert --remove $FILE; done

然后从ppa安装

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa 
sudo apt update 
sudo apt install nvidia-390

这在Ubuntu 18.04 LTS上对我有用