I'll provide two relatively simple proofs that do not require any knowledge of distribution theory. For a proof that computes the DTFT by a limit process using results from distribution theory, see this answer by Tendero.
I will only mention (and not elaborate on) the first proof here, because I've posted it as an answer to this question, the purpose of which was to show that a certain published proof is faulty.
The other proof goes as follows. Let's first write down the even part of the unit step sequence u [ n ]:
üË[ n ] = 12(u [ n ] + u [ − n ] ) = 12+ 12δ[ n ](1)
DTFT的 (1 ) 是
DTFT { üË[ n ] } = πδ(ω)+12(2)
which equals the real part of the DTFT of u[n]:
UR(ω)=Re{U(ω)}=πδ(ω)+12(3)
Since u[n] is a real-valued sequence we're done because the real and imaginary parts of U(ω) are related via the Hilbert transform, and, consequently, UR(ω) uniquely determines U(ω). However, in most DSP texts, these Hilbert transform relations are derived from the equation h[n]=h[n]u[n] (which is valid for any causal sequence h[n]), from which it follows that H(ω)=12π(H⋆U)(ω). So in order to show the Hilbert transform relation between the real and imaginary parts of the DTFT we need the DTFT of u[n], which we actually want to derive here. So the proof becomes circular. That's why we'll choose a different way to derive the imaginary part of U(ω).
For deriving UI(ω)=Im{U(ω)} we write the odd part of u[n] as follows:
uo[n]=12(u [ n ] − u [ − n ] ) = u [ n − 1 ] − 12+ 12δ[ n ](4)
采取DTFT (4 ) 给
Ĵ ü一世(ω )= e- Ĵ ωü(ω )- πδ(ω )+ 12= e- Ĵ ω(U[R(ω )+ j U一世(ω ))- πδ(ω )+ 12= e- Ĵ ω( πδ(ω )+ 12) + e- Ĵ ωĴ ü一世(ω )- πδ(ω )+ 12= 12(1 + e- Ĵ ω) + e- Ĵ ωĴ ü一世(ω )(5)
我用过的地方 (3 )。等式(5 ) 可以写成
Ĵ ü一世(ω )(1 − e- Ĵ ω)= 12(1 + e- Ĵ ω)(6)
来自的正确结论 (6 )是(有关更多详细信息,请参见此答案)
Ĵ ü一世(ω )= 121 + e- Ĵ ω1 − e- Ĵ ω+ Ç δ(ω )(7)
但是既然我们知道 ü一世(ω ) 必须是 ω (因为 u [ n ] 是实值),我们可以立即得出结论 c = 0。因此,从(3 ) 和 (7 ) 我们终于得到了
ü(ω )= U[R(ω )+ j U一世(ω )= πδ(ω )+ 12+ 121 + e- Ĵ ω1 − e- Ĵ ω= πδ(ω )+ 12( 1 + 1 + Ë- Ĵ ω1 − e- Ĵ ω)= πδ(ω )+ 11 − e- Ĵ ω(8)